Waya wowotcherera ndi kusuntha kwa unyolo wozungulira: zinthu zofunika kwambiri zolumikiza magazi a mafakitale

Waya wowotcherera ndi kusuntha kwa unyolo wozungulira: zinthu zofunika kwambiri zolumikiza magazi a mafakitale

Chiyambi
Mu gawo la mafakitale, unyolo wozungulira, monga gawo lofunikira kwambiri potumiza mphamvu ndi katundu wonyamula, uli ngati magazi a makina, omwe amathandizira magwiridwe antchito okhazikika a zida zosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale waya wowotcherera ndi flux sizikuwoneka mwachindunji mongaunyolo wozungulira, ndi ngwazi zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti unyolo wa roller ukuyenda bwino komanso kuti ukhale wautali. Kwa ogula ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa bwino izi ziwiri. Sikuti zimangokhudza ubwino wa unyolo wa roller, komanso zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo wa unyolo wonse woperekera zinthu.

1. Chiyambi cha unyolo wozungulira
Unyolo wozungulira umapangidwa makamaka ndi mbale zakunja za unyolo, mbale zamkati za unyolo, ma rollers, ma pin, manja ndi ma pads. Ma plate akunja a unyolo amapangidwa ndi chitsulo champhamvu komanso kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika kwa chimbalangondo; mbale zamkati za unyolo zimapereka kulimba ndi kuthandizira ma rollers; ma rollers ndi zigawo zazikulu zomwe zimatumiza mphamvu ndi katundu wa chimbalangondo; ma pin amalumikiza ma rollers ndi mbale za unyolo; manjawo amachepetsa kukangana pakati pa ma rollers ndi ma pin; ma pads amakonza ma rollers ndi ma pin kuti atsimikizire kukhazikika kwa unyolo. Kapangidwe kake kakang'ono kamatha kupirira katundu waukulu ndipo kali ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotumizira. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakina, zitsulo, mafuta, makampani a mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena, ndipo ndi yoyenera nthawi yotumizira katundu mwachangu komanso molemera.

2. Udindo wofunikira wa waya wowotcherera ndi kusinthasintha pakupanga unyolo wozungulira
Kupanga unyolo wozungulira kumaphatikizapo maulalo angapo, ndipo kuwotcherera ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Monga chida chodzaza mu ndondomeko yowotcherera, ubwino wa waya wowotcherera umakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu, kulimba ndi kukana dzimbiri kwa weld. Waya wowotcherera wabwino kwambiri ukhoza kupangitsa chitsulo chowotcherera ndi chowotcherera kukhala chogwirizana bwino kuti apange kulumikizana kwamphamvu komanso kokhazikika, kuonetsetsa kuti unyolo wozungulira ukugwira ntchito bwino pansi pa katundu wambiri, liwiro lalikulu komanso zovuta zogwirira ntchito. Flux imagwira ntchito yoteteza komanso yosinthasintha mu ndondomeko yowotcherera. Kumbali imodzi, flux imatha kulekanitsa mpweya, kuletsa okosijeni ndi nitridation ya chitsulo chowotcherera, ndikuchepetsa zolakwika zowotcherera; kumbali ina, imatha kuchepetsa kukangana pakati pa waya wowotcherera ndi pamwamba pa chowotcherera, kulimbikitsa kusungunuka ndi kudzazidwa kwa waya wowotcherera, kukonza ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito a chowotcherera, motero kukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa chowotcherera.

3. Mitundu ndi makhalidwe a waya wowotcherera unyolo wozungulira
Waya wowotcherera wachitsulo chotsika mpweya
Makhalidwe a kapangidwe kake: mpweya wochepa, nthawi zambiri wochepera 0.25%, zinthu zodetsedwa zochepa.
Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa welding: kugwira ntchito bwino kwa welding, kuchuluka kwa magetsi olumikizirana, kufalikira pang'ono, kukhazikika kwa arc, zosavuta kupeza ma weld okongola.
Zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito: zoyenera kupanga ma roller chain okhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso mikhalidwe yocheperako yogwirira ntchito, monga ma roller chain mumakina ang'onoang'ono aulimi ndi makina opepuka a mafakitale.
Waya wowotcherera wachitsulo chotsika
Makhalidwe a kapangidwe kake: zinthu zochepa za aloyi monga manganese, silicon, chromium, ndi zina zotero zimawonjezedwa ku chitsulo cha kaboni, ndipo kuchuluka konse kwa zinthu za aloyi nthawi zambiri sikupitirira 5%.
Kugwira ntchito kwa waya wowotcherera: Poyerekeza ndi waya wowotcherera wachitsulo chotsika ndi mpweya, uli ndi mphamvu komanso kulimba kwakukulu, kukana kutentha pang'ono komanso kukana ming'alu, koma umakhala ndi zofunikira zolimba pakuwongolera magawo a waya wowotcherera.
Zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito: zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maunyolo ozungulira okhala ndi mphamvu yapakati komanso katundu wina wokhudza mphamvu, monga maunyolo ozungulira mumakina aukadaulo, makina amigodi ndi zida zina.
Waya wowotcherera wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Makhalidwe a kapangidwe kake: makamaka muli zinthu za aloyi monga chromium ndi nickel, zomwe zimakhala ndi kukana bwino dzimbiri komanso kukana okosijeni.
Kugwira ntchito kwa welding: Kugwira ntchito kwa welding ndi kochepa, ndipo zida zowotcherera ndi zofunikira pa ntchitoyo ndi zambiri. Welding imakonda ming'alu ya kutentha, ndipo magawo a welding ayenera kulamulidwa mosamala.
Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito: Ndi yoyenera kupanga maunyolo ozungulira omwe amagwira ntchito m'malo owononga kapena m'malo otentha kwambiri, monga maunyolo ozungulira muzipangizo zamakemikolo, makina azakudya, zida zam'madzi, ndi zina zotero.

4. Mitundu ndi makhalidwe a flux ya roller chain
Kusungunuka kwa fungo
Njira Yopangira: Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zimasakanizidwa mu gawo linalake, zimasungunuka mu uvuni wa arc kapena cupola, kenako zimazimitsidwa kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi madzi, kenako zimapangidwa kudzera mu kuumitsa, kuphimba ndi njira zina.
Zinthu Zake: Ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino, imatha kuchotsa zinyalala mu weld, ndikuwonjezera kuyera ndi mawonekedwe a makina a chitsulo choweda, koma imakhudzidwa ndi chinyezi, ndipo momwe imaumira komanso kusungirako kwake kuyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamala.
Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito: Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakulumikiza zitsulo za kaboni ndi zitsulo zozungulira za low alloy, makamaka nthawi zina zomwe zimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakulumikiza zitsulo.
Kutuluka kwa zomatira
Njira Yopangira: Sakanizani ufa wosiyanasiyana wa zinthu zopangira ndi zomatira ndikuzipanga kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono mukamaliza kuziumitsa.
Zinthu Zake: Ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino, imateteza bwino zitsulo zosungunulira, imatha kuchepetsa bwino zolakwika za zosungunulira, komanso imatha kusintha kwambiri zida zosungunulira.
Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera zitsulo za kaboni, zitsulo zochepa za aloyi ndi unyolo wosapanga dzimbiri wa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka pamizere yopangira zowotcherera yokha yokhala ndi zofunikira zapamwamba kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri komanso kuti zigwire bwino ntchito.
Sintered flux
Njira Yopangira: Mukasakaniza ufa wa zinthu zopangira ndi chothandizira kusungunula, sungunulani mu zidutswa pa kutentha kwakukulu, kenako mupange kudzera mu kuphwanya, kuphimba ndi njira zina.
Zinthu Zake: Ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pakuwotcherera komanso chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo imatha kuwongolera bwino kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi kapangidwe ka chitsulo cha wolt, koma mtengo wake wopanga ndi wokwera.
Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri powotcherera unyolo wa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zapamwamba komanso unyolo wa zitsulo zozungulira, monga kupanga unyolo wa ma roller wolondola kwambiri komanso wodalirika kwambiri m'mafakitale a ndege, makampani a nyukiliya ndi madera ena.

5. Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira posankha waya wowotcherera ndi flux yoyenera
Zipangizo za unyolo wozungulira: Unyolo wozungulira wa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana uli ndi zofunikira zosiyana pa kapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a waya wowotcherera ndi flux. Mwachitsanzo, powotcherera unyolo wozungulira wa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndikofunikira kusankha waya wowotcherera wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi flux wozungulira kuti zitsimikizire kukana dzimbiri ndi kukana okosijeni kwa chitsulo chowotcherera.
Malo Ogwirira Ntchito: Malo ogwirira ntchito a unyolo wozungulira, monga kutentha, chinyezi, ndi zinthu zowononga, zidzakhudza kusankha waya wowotcherera ndi flux. Pa unyolo wozungulira womwe umagwira ntchito m'malo otentha kwambiri, waya wowotcherera ndi flux wokhala ndi kukana kutentha kwakukulu ziyenera kusankhidwa; m'malo owononga, kukana dzimbiri kwa chitsulo chowotcherera kuyenera kuperekedwa patsogolo.
Njira yowotcherera: Njira zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera zimakhala ndi kusinthasintha kosiyana ndi waya wowotcherera ndi flux. Mwachitsanzo, mizere yopangira yowotcherera yokha nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito flux yolumikizirana chifukwa imakhala yosinthika kwambiri ndi zida zowotcherera ndipo imatha kuonetsetsa kuti kuwotcherera kumagwira ntchito bwino komanso kwabwino; pomwe kuwotcherera pamanja kumatha kusankha waya wowotcherera ndi flux mosavuta, koma kumafuna luso lapamwamba logwiritsira ntchito la owotcherera.
Miyezo Yabwino: Opanga ma roller chain ndi ogula ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zofunikira zokhazikika pa khalidwe la malonda. Posankha waya wowotcherera ndi flux, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti akukwaniritsa miyezo yoyenera ya khalidwe ndi zofunikira za satifiketi, monga ISO, DIN, ASTM, ndi zina zotero, kuti atsimikizire kukhazikika ndi kudalirika kwa khalidwe la weld.

6. Mphamvu ya waya wowotcherera ndi kusinthasintha kwa waya pa magwiridwe antchito a unyolo wozungulira ndi kusanthula kwa milandu
Zotsatira za magwiridwe antchito
Kapangidwe ka makina: Waya wowotcherera wabwino kwambiri komanso wotuluka bwino zingapangitse kuti kapangidwe ka makina ka chitsulo chowotcherera monga mphamvu ndi kulimba kufanane ndi kachitsulo chowotcherera, kupanga kulumikizana kolimba, kupewa kulephera kwa unyolo wowotcherera komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusweka kwa weld, ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya ntchito.
Kukana dzimbiri: Pa maunyolo ozungulira omwe ali m'malo owononga, ngati waya wowotcherera ndi flux zoyenera zigwiritsidwa ntchito, chitsulo chowotchereracho chingapange gawo lolimba loteteza ndi substrate, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zinthu zowononga zisawonongeke komanso kuti unyolo wozungulira ukhale wolimba.
Kukana kuvala: Kusankha bwino waya wowotcherera ndi flux kungapangitse chitsulo chowotcherera kukhala chokana kuvala bwino, kuchepetsa kuvala kwa unyolo wozungulira panthawi yotumiza, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso kudalirika kwa kutumiza.
Kusanthula Nkhani
Kampani yopanga makina omangira: Pamene kampaniyo inkapanga ma roll chain a ma excavator, ma welding waya ndi flux zomwe zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito poyamba zinkayambitsa ming'alu ndi ma pores mu ma welds, zomwe zinakhudza ubwino ndi moyo wa ma roll chain. Pambuyo posintha, ma welding waya achitsulo chotsika a alloy ndi ma sintered flux ofanana adasankhidwa, ndipo magawo a welding adakonzedwa bwino. Ubwino wa weld unasinthidwa kwambiri, moyo wa ntchito wa ma roll chain unakulitsidwa ndi 30%, mtengo wosamalira zida unachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo mpikisano wamsika unakulitsidwa.
Kampani yopanga zida za mankhwala: Ma unyolo ozungulira zida za mankhwala omwe amapanga nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo okhala ndi asidi wamphamvu komanso dzimbiri la alkali. Waya wowotcherera wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi madzi wamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyamba sankakwaniritsa zofunikira, ma weld anali atachita dzimbiri kwambiri, ndipo ma unyolo ozungulira ankawonongeka nthawi zambiri. Pambuyo pake, mawaya atsopano ozungulira achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi madzi oundana omwe adapangidwira malo okhala ndi mankhwala adagwiritsidwa ntchito, kukana dzimbiri kwa ma weld kunasintha kwambiri, nthawi yogwirira ntchito ya unyolo wozungulira inali yoposa kawiri kuposa yoyamba, kukhazikika kwa magwiridwe antchito a zida kunatsimikizika, ndipo mbiri ya kampaniyo inasintha.

7. Zochitika pamsika zomwe zikuchitika panopa komanso malangizo ogula waya wowotcherera ndi flux wa waya wozungulira
Zochitika pakukula kwa msika
Kufunika kwa zinthu zogwirira ntchito bwino kukukulirakulira: Pamene zipangizo zamafakitale zikukula kuti zikhale zogwira ntchito bwino komanso zodalirika kwambiri, zofunikira pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa waya wowotcherera ndi flux zikuwonjezeka, ndipo kufunikira kwa msika kwa waya wowotcherera wapadera komanso wogwirira ntchito bwino kukupitirira kukula.
Zinthu zosamalira chilengedwe zikukondedwa: Ndondomeko zolimba zoteteza chilengedwe zapangitsa opanga mawaya olumikizirana ndi ma flux kupanga ndi kupanga zinthu zosamalira chilengedwe, monga ma flux opanda fumbi, opanda poizoni, osawononga ma radiation, ndi mawaya olumikizirana omwe amapakidwa muzinthu zosamalira chilengedwe.
Zatsopano zaukadaulo zikupitilirabe kupita patsogolo: Mabizinesi adzawonjezera ndalama zawo mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko m'munda wa waya wowotcherera ndi flux, kupanga zipangizo zatsopano zowotcherera ndi njira, kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndi mtundu wa kuwotcherera, ndikuchepetsa ndalama.
Malangizo ogulira
Pezani ogulitsa odalirika: Sankhani ogulitsa omwe ali ndi mbiri yabwino, luso lopanga zinthu zambiri komanso makina owongolera bwino kuti muwonetsetse kuti waya wowotcherera ndi flux ndi zabwino komanso zodalirika.
Kufunika zikalata zotsimikizira khalidwe: Mukamagula, funani ogulitsa kuti apereke zikalata zotsimikizira khalidwe la waya wowotcherera ndi madzi, monga malipoti owunikira zigawo, malipoti oyesa magwiridwe antchito, zikalata zotsimikizira khalidwe, ndi zina zotero, kuti atsimikizire ngati zinthuzo zikukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Chitani mayeso ndi kuwunika: Musanagule zambiri, chitani mayeso ang'onoang'ono kuti muwone bwino momwe mawaya olumikizirana amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe mawaya olumikizirana amagwirira ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuti akukwaniritsa zosowa za ma roller chain.
Samalani mtengo ndi ntchito: Poganizira za kutsimikizira kuti zinthu zili bwino, yerekezerani mitengo ya ogulitsa osiyanasiyana ndikusankha zinthu zomwe zili ndi mtengo wotsika. Nthawi yomweyo, samalani ndi ntchito zomwe ogulitsa amapereka pambuyo pogulitsa, monga chithandizo chaukadaulo ndi maphunziro a zinthu, kuti muthetse mavuto omwe akukumana nawo panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito.

8. Mapeto
Ngakhale kuti waya wowotcherera ndi kusuntha kwa ma chain ozungulira kumawoneka kochepa m'mafakitale, ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti ma chain ozungulira komanso zida zonse zamakina zikugwira ntchito bwino. Kwa ogula ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi, kudziwa bwino mitundu, mawonekedwe, ndi malo osankhidwira mawaya ndi ma fluxes ozungulira kudzathandiza kupanga zisankho zanzeru panthawi yogula ndikupatsa makasitomala zinthu zapamwamba komanso zogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, kuti awonekere bwino pamsika, kukhazikitsa ubale wabwino ndi makasitomala kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika komanso chathanzi cha makampani ozungulira….