Miyezo Yosankhira Ma Roller Chains mu Alimi Okolola

Miyezo Yosankhira Ma Roller Chains mu Alimi Okolola

Monga gawo lalikulu lolumikiza kutumiza mphamvu ndi ntchito ya chokolola, kusankha unyolo wozungulira kumatsimikizira mwachindunji momwe chipangizocho chikugwirira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa kulephera, ndi moyo wautumiki. Kwa ogulitsa omwe akufuna msika wapadziko lonse lapansi, kudziwa bwino miyezo yosankha yasayansi sikuti kumangolola kufananiza bwino zosowa za makasitomala komanso kumachepetsa ndalama zomwe amawononga pambuyo pogulitsa ndikupanga mbiri yaukadaulo—makamaka m'malo ofunikira kwambiri pakupanga ulimi pomwe "nthawi ndi yofunika kwambiri." Kusankha kamodzi kolakwika kungayambitse kukolola konse kwa kasitomala, zomwe pamapeto pake zimakhudza kudalirana ndi mgwirizano. Nkhaniyi iyamba kuchokera ku makhalidwe ogwirira ntchito a okolola, kugawa miyeso yayikulu, njira zothandiza, ndi malingaliro olakwika a anthu wamba aunyolo wozungulirakusankha, kupatsa ogulitsa malangizo aukadaulo omwe angathe kuchitidwapo kanthu.

I. Magawo Ogwiritsira Ntchito Core Harvester Omwe Ayenera Kufotokozedwa Bwino Musanasankhe

Malo ogwirira ntchito a okolola alimi ndi ovuta komanso osiyanasiyana. Mbewu zosiyanasiyana (tirigu, chimanga, mpunga), mphamvu yogwirira ntchito (malo ogwirira ntchito tsiku lililonse pa makina), ndi nyengo yachigawo (mvula, fumbi, kutentha kwambiri) zonse zimakhudza kwambiri zofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa unyolo wozungulira. Musanasankhe, magawo atatu ofunikira ayenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi kasitomala kuti apewe "kusankha kutengera zomwe akumana nazo."

Katundu Weniweni Wotumizidwa: Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa pakati pa "katundu woyesedwa" ndi "katundu wokhudzidwa." Pa ntchito ya wokolola, zochitika monga mutu wokumana ndi zinthu zolimba (miyala, magulu a udzu) kapena unyolo wonyamula katundu kumangidwa mwadzidzidzi zimatha kuyambitsa kukhudzidwa kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu kuposa katundu woyesedwa. Chifukwa chake, kusankha chitsanzo kuyenera kutengera katundu wokhudzidwa, osati katundu wofanana ndi mphamvu yoyesedwa yomwe yatchulidwa m'buku la zida.

Liwiro Logwira Ntchito la Unyolo: Liwiro la zigawo zosiyanasiyana limasiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, unyolo woyendetsa mutu wa harvester nthawi zambiri umagwira ntchito pa 500-800 r/min, pomwe liwiro la unyolo wa makina otumizira nthawi zambiri limakhala 200-400 r/min. Liwiro lokwera limapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya centrifugal ipitirire mofulumira komanso kuwonongeka kwa unyolo; chifukwa chake, mitundu ya unyolo wolondola kwambiri komanso wopepuka iyenera kuyikidwa patsogolo.

Makhalidwe a Malo Ogwirira Ntchito: Miyeso itatu yofunika kwambiri imaganiziridwa: fumbi (monga kukolola tirigu kumpoto), chinyezi chambiri (monga minda ya mpunga kum'mwera), ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu zowononga (monga madzi ochokera ku udzu wophwanyidwa mu makina okolola). Malo ovuta kwambiri amachititsa kuti unyolo ufunikire kwambiri, kukonza pamwamba, ndi kapangidwe kake kotseka. II. Miyezo Inayi Yofunikira Posankha Ma Roller Chains a Okolola Zaulimi

Kutengera ndi magawo ogwirira ntchito omwe ali pamwambapa, ogulitsa amatha kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa masankhidwe pogwiritsa ntchito miyezo inayi yotsatirayi kuti pamapeto pake adziwe mtundu woyenera wa unyolo wozungulira.

1. Kufananiza katundu: "Chinthu Choteteza" monga Chizindikiro Chachikulu

Katundu ndiye maziko oyambira posankha. Chitetezo chiyenera kuwerengedwa ndi "katundu weniweni wa impact load ÷ chain rated dynamic load" kuti zitsimikizire kuti unyolowo susweka pansi pa mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri yogwirira ntchito.

Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri pa Chitetezo: Kwa okolola tirigu/mpunga, chitetezo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ≥1.8; kwa okolola chimanga (okhala ndi udzu wambiri), ≥2.2 ndi omwe amalimbikitsidwa. Ngati ntchito ya kasitomala ndi yokwera (monga, maola opitilira 12 patsiku), iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi 0.3-0.5.

Chenjezo: Pewani "kusankha zinthu zochulukirapo" (monga chitetezo chochuluka), apo ayi zidzawonjezera kulemera kwa unyolo ndi mtengo wake, ndipo zingayambitse kusalumikizana bwino pakati pa unyolo ndi sprocket, zomwe zingachititse kuti ziwonongeke kwambiri.

2. Kufananiza Liwiro: Zofunikira Zokhudzana ndi Kulondola kwa Unyolo ndi Mafuta

Liwiro limakhudza mwachindunji kutentha kwa unyolo komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwake. Mlingo wolondola wa unyolo ndi njira yothira mafuta ziyenera kusankhidwa kutengera liwiro lake.

Giredi Yolondola: Kuti mugwiritse ntchito liwiro la > 600 r/min, perekani unyolo wa ISO 60 grade (wolondola kwambiri) kuti muchepetse kugwedezeka ndi phokoso panthawi yogwira ntchito; kuti mugwiritse ntchito liwiro la < 400 r/min, unyolo wa ISO 80 grade (wolondola bwino) ukhoza kusankhidwa kuti ugwirizane ndi mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito.

Ubale wa Mafuta Opaka: Ma unyolo othamanga kwambiri amafuna mafuta oletsa kutayika kwa mafuta kutentha kwambiri (monga mafuta ochokera ku lithiamu), ndipo makasitomala ayenera kulangizidwa kuti afupikitse nthawi yopaka mafuta (kuwonjezera mafuta maola 8 aliwonse kumalimbikitsidwa) kuti apewe "kukangana kouma" chifukwa cha mafuta osakwanira.

3. Kusinthasintha kwa Zachilengedwe: Kusankha Zinthu ndi Kusamalira Pamwamba
Malo osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito amafunika kusankha zinthu zogwirira ntchito molunjika komanso njira zochizira pamwamba, zomwe zimatsimikizira mwachindunji dzimbiri ndi kukana kuipitsidwa kwa unyolo.

Malo Ogwirira Ntchito | Zinthu Zovomerezeka | Njira Yothandizira Kukonza Malo | Ubwino Wapakati

Malo Ouma ndi Fumbi | Chitsulo Chomangira cha 40MnB Alloy | Kuzimitsa ndi Kuzimitsa + Phosphating | Kulimba kwambiri pamwamba, kosagwedezeka ndi fumbi ndi kuwonongeka

Chinyezi Chambiri, Malo Okhala ndi Mvula | 304 Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri (Chopepuka) | Chithandizo cha Kutuluka kwa Madzi | Kuteteza dzimbiri mwamphamvu, koyenera kugwira ntchito m'munda wa mpunga

Katundu Wolemera + Malo Owononga | Chitsulo Chomangira cha 20CrMnTi Alloy | Chophimba Chomatira ndi Chotsekedwa | Chimalimbitsa mphamvu ndi kukana dzimbiri, choyenera okolola chimanga

4. Kufananiza Kapangidwe: Kulumikizana Kopanda Msoko ndi Ma Harvester Sprockets
Magawo a kapangidwe ka unyolo wozungulira ayenera kugwirizana kwathunthu ndi ma sprockets omwe alipo a chokolola; apo ayi, izi zipangitsa kuti maukonde asagwire bwino ntchito, phokoso losazolowereka, kapena kusweka.

Magawo Ofananiza Pakati: Pitch (gawo lofunika kwambiri la unyolo, lomwe liyenera kukhala logwirizana kwathunthu ndi pitch ya sprocket, ndi cholakwika ≤0.05mm), Chidutswa cha Roller (chiyenera kukhala chogwirizana ndi kukula kwa groove ya dzino la sprocket), Upana wa Pitch Wamkati (kuti unyolo usagwire ntchito "pakati" pa sprocket). Zofunikira Zapadera Zapangidwe: Ngati chokolola cha kasitomala ndi makina otumizira othamanga kwambiri, unyolo wozungulira wokhala ndi mbale zowongolera ungalimbikitsidwe kuti uteteze kupatuka kwa unyolo wa mbali panthawi yogwira ntchito. Ngati malo ogwirira ntchito ali ndi zodetsa zambiri, unyolo wozungulira wotsekedwa (wokhala ndi mphete zotsekera zomangidwa mkati) ukhoza kusankhidwa kuti uchepetse kulowa kwa zodetsa mu ma roller.

III. Njira Yosankhira Ogulitsa: Masitepe Atatu: Kuchokera pa Kulankhulana mpaka Kutsimikizira

Pambuyo podziwa bwino miyezo, ndikofunikira kulankhulana ndi kasitomala kudzera mu njira yokhazikika kuti muwonetsetse kuti chidziwitso chosankhidwacho ndi cholondola ndikupewa mikangano pambuyo pa malonda pambuyo pake.

Gawo 1: Pezani Tsatanetsatane wa Zipangizo za Makasitomala Pemphani mtundu wa chokolola, mtundu (monga John Deere S780, Kubota PRO988) ndi zida zinazake zogwiritsira ntchito (header drive, conveyor chain, putting system) kuchokera kwa kasitomala. Tsimikizani mafotokozedwe oyambira a unyolo wa chinthucho kudzera m'buku la zida kapena zambiri za wopanga ngati maziko osankhidwira.

Gawo 2: Onjezerani ndi Mafunso Okhudza Mkhalidwe Wogwirira Ntchito Gwiritsani ntchito mafunso osavuta kuti mufotokozere magawo ofunikira, monga: “Kodi ndi mbewu ziti zomwe makina anu okolola amakolola makamaka?” “Kodi nthawi yogwirira ntchito tsiku lililonse ndi yotani?” “Kodi munda wa mpunga wa m'dera logwirira ntchito ndi munda kapena malo ouma?” Sinthani zosowa zosamveka bwino kukhala magawo enaake aukadaulo. Gawo 3: Perekani Mayankho Osankha ndi Machenjezo Oopsa. Perekani makasitomala mayankho 1-2 oyenera (monga yankho loyamba + njira ina yotsika mtengo), kusonyeza momveka bwino zochitika ndi njira zodzitetezera pa yankho lililonse. Mwachitsanzo: “Unyolo wa yankho 1 ndi woyenera kugwira ntchito za chimanga cholemera, koma umafuna mafuta maola 6 aliwonse; Yankho 2 ndi lotsika mtengo ndi 15%, koma limalimbikitsidwa kokha kugwira ntchito za tirigu wopepuka.”

IV. Malingaliro Olakwika Omwe Amasankhidwa Kawirikawiri: Mavuto Atatu Omwe Ogulitsa Ayenera Kupewa

Lingaliro Lolakwika 1: Kuyang'ana pa Pitch Yokha, Kunyalanyaza Ma Parameter Ena. Ogulitsa ena amakhulupirira kuti "ngati pitch ili yoyenera, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito," koma amanyalanyaza kufananiza kwa dayamita ya roller ndi m'lifupi mwa chigwirizano chamkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti unyolo ukhale wodzaza panthawi yogwira ntchito ya sprocket, ndipo pazochitika zazikulu, kuwonongeka kwa sprocket. Makasitomala ayenera kukumbutsidwa kuti: unyolo ndi "wogwirizana kwathunthu," ndipo magawo onse a kapangidwe kake ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi unyolo woyambirira.

Lingaliro Lolakwika 2: Kulimbikitsa Mosazindikira "Maunyolo Okwera Mtengo." Maunyolo okwera mtengo sangakwaniritse zosowa za makasitomala. Mwachitsanzo, kulangiza maunyolo achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri m'minda ya tirigu wouma kudzawonjezera ndalama zomwe makasitomala amawononga, ndipo chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sicholimba ngati chitsulo chosungunuka, zomwe zingafupikitse nthawi yake yogwira ntchito. Yankho "lotsika mtengo kwambiri" liyenera kulangizidwa kutengera momwe ntchito ikuyendera, osati yankho "lokwera mtengo kwambiri".

Lingaliro Lolakwika 3: Kunyalanyaza malamulo okhazikitsa ndi kukonza. Ngati malo a kasitomala alibe akatswiri okonza, unyolo wokhala ndi "zosakonza zambiri" (monga unyolo wotsekedwa wokhala ndi mphete yotsekera) uyenera kulangizidwa, ndipo zofunikira zodzola ziyenera kukhala zosavuta. Ngati zida za kasitomala zili ndi malo ochepa okhazikitsa, unyolo wocheperako wopindika uyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti usalephereke kukhazikitsa.