Tasirin yanayin zafi mai yawa ko ƙasa akan kayan sarkar nadi

Tasirin yanayin zafi mai yawa ko ƙasa akan kayan sarkar nadi
A aikace-aikacen masana'antu, sarƙoƙin nadi, a matsayin muhimmin ɓangaren watsawa, ana amfani da su sosai a cikin kayan aikin injiniya da layukan samarwa daban-daban. Duk da haka, yanayin aiki daban-daban yana da buƙatu daban-daban don aikin sarƙoƙin nadi, musamman a cikin yanayi mai zafi ko ƙasa, aikin kayan nadi zai canza sosai, wanda ke shafar rayuwar sabis kai tsaye da amincin sarƙoƙin nadi. Wannan labarin zai bincika tasirin yanayin zafi mai yawa ko ƙasa akan kayan nadi, kuma yana ba wa masu siye na dillalai na ƙasashen duniya shawara don zaɓar kayan nadi masu dacewa.

1. Bayani game da kayan sarkar nadi
Ana yin sarƙoƙin nadi da ƙarfen carbon, ƙarfe mai ƙarfe, ƙarfe mai bakin ƙarfe da sauran kayayyaki. Karfe mai ƙarfe yana da halaye na ƙarancin farashi da ƙarfi mai yawa, amma rashin juriyar tsatsa da juriyar tsatsa; ƙarfe mai ƙarfe yana inganta ƙarfi, tauri da juriyar tsatsa na kayan ta hanyar ƙara abubuwan da ke haɗa ƙarfe kamar chromium, nickel, molybdenum, da sauransu; bakin ƙarfe yana da kyakkyawan juriyar tsatsa, juriyar tsatsa da ƙarfi mai yawa, kuma ya dace da yanayin aiki mai tsauri.

2. Tasirin yanayin zafi mai yawa akan kayan sarkar nadi
(I) Canje-canje a ƙarfin abu
Yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, ƙarfin kayan sarkar nadi zai ragu a hankali. Misali, ƙarfin sarkar ƙarfe ta carbon gabaɗaya yana fara raguwa sosai lokacin da zafin ya wuce 200°C. Lokacin da zafin ya kai sama da 300°C, raguwar tauri da ƙarfi zai fi mahimmanci, wanda ke haifar da raguwar tsawon rayuwar sarkar. Wannan saboda yawan zafin jiki zai canza tsarin lattice na kayan ƙarfe, ya raunana ƙarfin haɗin kai tsakanin atom, don haka rage ƙarfin ɗaukar kayan.
(ii) Tasirin juriya ga iskar shaka
A yanayin zafi mai yawa, kayan sarkar nadi suna da saurin amsawar iskar shaka. Sarkokin ƙarfe na carbon suna amsawa cikin sauƙi tare da iskar shaka don samar da ƙarfe mai oxide a yanayin zafi mai yawa, wanda ba wai kawai yana cinye kayan da kansa ba, har ma yana samar da Layer ɗin oxide a saman sarkar, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar yawan gogayya na sarkar da ƙaruwar lalacewa. Sarkokin ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe, saboda suna ɗauke da abubuwan ƙarfe kamar chromium, na iya samar da fim ɗin chromium oxide mai yawa a saman, wanda zai iya hana iskar shaka ci gaba da lalata cikin kayan, ta haka yana inganta juriyar iskar shaka ta sarkar.
(iii) Matsalolin shafawa
Zafin jiki mai yawa zai iya canza aikin mai ko mai mai shafawa. A gefe guda, danko na mai mai shafawa zai ragu, tasirin mai zai lalace, kuma ba zai iya samar da ingantaccen fim mai mai shafawa a saman sarkar ba, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar gogayya da kuma lalacewa mai tsanani; a gefe guda kuma, mai na iya narkewa, ƙafewa ko ma ƙonewa, rasa tasirin mai mai shafawa, da kuma ƙara hanzarta gogayya da sarkar. Saboda haka, lokacin amfani da sarƙoƙin naɗawa a yanayin zafi mai yawa, ya zama dole a zaɓi man shafawa da suka dace da yanayin zafi mai yawa da kuma ƙara yawan mai mai.

III. Tasirin yanayin ƙarancin zafin jiki akan kayan sarkar na'ura

(I) Ƙara karyewar abu

Yayin da zafin jiki ke raguwa, taurin kayan sarkar nadi yana raguwa kuma karyewar yana ƙaruwa. Musamman a yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi, ƙarfin tasirin kayan zai ragu sosai, kuma karyewar karyewar yana da saurin faruwa. Misali, aikin tasirin wasu sarƙoƙin ƙarfe na yau da kullun zai ragu sosai lokacin da zafin ya ƙasa da -20℃. Wannan saboda motsin zafin atomic na kayan yana raguwa a ƙananan yanayin zafi, motsin karyewar yana da wahala, kuma ikon kayan na shan tasirin waje yana raguwa.

(II) Ƙarfafa man shafawa

Ƙananan yanayin zafi zai ƙara ɗanɗanon mai ko mai mai shafawa, har ma ya ƙarfafa shi. Wannan zai sa ya yi wa sarkar wahala ta sami cikakken mai yayin farawa, yana ƙara gogayya da lalacewa. Bugu da ƙari, man shafawa masu ƙarfi na iya kawo cikas ga aikin sarkar na yau da kullun kuma yana shafar sassaucinsa. Saboda haka, lokacin amfani da sarƙoƙin naɗawa a cikin yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi, ya zama dole a zaɓi man shafawa masu kyakkyawan aikin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi, kuma dole ne a sanya sarkar a cikin wuta kuma a shafa mata mai kafin amfani.
(III) Matsewa da nakasa na sarkar
A cikin yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi, kayan sarkar nadi za su ragu, wanda hakan zai iya sa girman sarkar ya canza kuma ya shafi daidaiton da ya dace da sprocket ɗin. Bugu da ƙari, ƙarancin zafi na iya ƙara yawan damuwa a cikin sarkar, wanda ke haifar da sarkar ta lalace yayin amfani, wanda ke shafar santsi da daidaiton watsawa.

IV. Ayyukan sarƙoƙin naɗawa na kayan aiki daban-daban a cikin yanayi mai zafi da ƙarancin zafi
(I) Sarkokin naɗa bakin ƙarfe
Sarkokin naɗa bakin ƙarfe suna aiki sosai a wurare masu zafi da kuma masu ƙarancin zafi. A yanayin zafi mai yawa, juriyar iskar shaka da ƙarfinsa ana kiyaye su sosai, kuma yana iya aiki a yanayin zafi na 400°C ko ma mafi girma; a yanayin zafi mai ƙasa, tauri da juriyar tsatsa na bakin ƙarfe suma suna da kyau, kuma ana iya amfani da su a yanayin zafi na -40°C ko ma ƙasa da haka. Bugu da ƙari, sarkokin naɗa bakin ƙarfe suma suna da juriyar tsatsa kuma sun dace da yanayi mai tsauri kamar danshi, acid da alkali.
(II) Sarkar naɗa ƙarfe mai ƙarfe mai ƙarfe
Sarkar naɗa ƙarfe mai ƙarfe mai ƙarfe tana inganta cikakken aikin kayan aiki ta hanyar ƙara abubuwan ƙarfe. A yanayin zafi mai yawa, ƙarfi da juriyar iskar shaka na sarkar ƙarfe mai ƙarfe sun fi sarkar ƙarfe mai ƙarfe mai ƙarfe kyau, kuma ana iya amfani da shi a yanayin zafin jiki daga 300℃ zuwa 450℃; a yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi, taurin ƙarfe mai ƙarfe mai ƙarfe shi ma ya fi ƙarfe mai ƙarfe kyau, kuma yana iya tsayayya da karyewar ƙarfe mai ƙarancin zafi zuwa wani mataki. Duk da haka, farashin sarkar naɗa ƙarfe mai ƙarfe mai ƙarfe yana da tsada sosai.
(III) Sarkar naɗa ƙarfe ta carbon
Sarkar naɗa ƙarfen carbon tana da ƙarancin farashi, amma aikinta ba shi da kyau a yanayin zafi mai yawa da ƙasa. A yanayin zafi mai yawa, ƙarfi da tauri suna raguwa sosai, kuma yana da sauƙin lalacewa da lalacewa; a yanayin zafi mai ƙasa, karyewar ƙarfen carbon yana ƙaruwa, tasirin tasirin yana raguwa, kuma yana da sauƙin karyewa. Saboda haka, sarkar naɗa ƙarfen carbon ya fi dacewa da amfani a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun.

V. Matakan da za a bi don magance matsalar
(I) Zaɓin abu
Zaɓi kayan da ke cikin sarkar nadi daidai da yanayin zafin wurin aiki. Don yanayin zafi mai yawa, ana ba da shawarar a ba da fifiko ga sarƙoƙin nadi da aka yi da ƙarfe mai kauri ko kayan ƙarfe mai kauri; don yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi, zaku iya zaɓar sarƙoƙin nadi na ƙarfe mai kauri ko na bakin ƙarfe waɗanda aka yi musu magani na musamman don inganta ƙarfinsu na ƙarancin zafin jiki.
(II) Tsarin maganin zafi
Ana iya inganta aikin kayan sarkar nadi ta hanyar hanyoyin magance zafi masu dacewa. Misali, kashewa da daidaita sarkar karfe na alloy na iya inganta ƙarfi da tauri; maganin maganin mafita mai ƙarfi na sarkar bakin karfe na iya ƙara juriyar tsatsa da juriyar iskar shaka.
(III) Gudanar da man shafawa
A cikin yanayi mai zafi da zafi mai yawa, ya kamata a mai da hankali kan sarrafa man shafawa na sarƙoƙi masu naɗewa. Zaɓi man shafawa da ya dace da zafin aiki kuma a riƙa kula da man shafawa akai-akai don tabbatar da cewa akwai kyakkyawan fim ɗin man shafawa a saman sarƙoƙin haɗin gwiwa. A cikin yanayi mai zafi, ana iya amfani da man shafawa ko man shafawa mai ƙarfi mai jure zafi mai yawa; a cikin yanayin zafi mai ƙasa, ya kamata a zaɓi man shafawa masu kyakkyawan aikin zafi mai ƙasa, kuma a sanya sarƙar a wuta kafin amfani.

VI. Lamura na aikace-aikace masu amfani
(I) Lambobin amfani da yanayin zafi mai yawa
Ana amfani da sarƙoƙin naɗa bakin ƙarfe a cikin tsarin watsa wutar lantarki mai zafi a masana'antar ƙarfe. Saboda kyakkyawan juriya ga iskar shaka da kuma riƙe ƙarfi na kayan ƙarfe, sarƙoƙin na iya aiki cikin kwanciyar hankali a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi, wanda ke rage katsewar samarwa sakamakon lalacewar sarƙoƙi. A lokaci guda, kula da man shafawa mai zafi mai zafi akai-akai yana ƙara tsawaita rayuwar sarƙoƙin.
(II) Sharuɗɗan amfani a cikin yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi
A cikin kayan aikin jigilar kayan sanyi na sarkar sanyi, ana amfani da sarƙoƙin naɗa ƙarfe na ƙarfe waɗanda aka yi musu magani na musamman na ƙarancin zafin jiki. Wannan sarkar tana da ƙarfi da juriya ga tasiri a ƙananan yanayin zafi kuma tana iya daidaitawa da yanayin ƙarancin zafin jiki na ajiyar sanyi. Bugu da ƙari, ta amfani da man shafawa mai ƙarancin zafin jiki, ana tabbatar da aiki mai sassauƙa da ƙarancin lalacewa na sarkar a ƙananan yanayin zafi.

VII. Kammalawa
Muhalli mai zafi ko ƙasa da haka yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan aikin kayan sarkar nadi, gami da canje-canje a ƙarfin abu, bambance-bambance a cikin juriya ga iskar shaka da juriya ga tsatsa, matsalolin shafawa, da ƙaruwar karyewar kayan. Lokacin zabar kayan sarkar nadi, ya kamata a yi la'akari da yanayin zafin yanayin aiki sosai, kuma ya kamata a zaɓi sarkar nadi na kayan aiki daban-daban kamar bakin ƙarfe, ƙarfe mai ƙarfe ko ƙarfe mai carbon, kuma ya kamata a ɗauki matakan magance zafi da suka dace da kuma kula da man shafawa don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da tsawon rai na sarkar nadi a cikin yanayi mai zafi da ƙasa. Ga masu siyan kayayyaki na ƙasa da ƙasa, fahimtar waɗannan abubuwan da ke tasiri da matakan da za a ɗauka zai taimaka wajen yin zaɓi mai kyau lokacin siyan sarkar nadi don biyan buƙatun abokan ciniki daban-daban a cikin yanayi daban-daban na aiki.