Gargaɗi game da watsa sarkar nadi

Gargaɗi game da watsa sarkar nadi

A fannin watsawa ta injina,sarkar nadiAna amfani da watsawa sosai saboda inganci da amincinsa. Duk da haka, domin tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da kuma tsawaita rayuwar tsarin watsawa na sarkar nadi, dole ne a lura da waɗannan muhimman abubuwan.

1. Gargaɗin shigarwa
(I) Rabon watsawa da kusurwar naɗewa
Matsakaicin watsawa na watsa sarkar nadi yawanci shine 7:1, kuma yana iya kaiwa 10:1 a saurin da ba shi da ƙarfi sosai. Ya kamata a kiyaye kusurwar nadi na ƙaramin sprocket da sarkar sama da 120°, kuma watsawar dakatarwa ya kamata ta kai sama da 90°. Matsakaicin watsawa da kusurwar nadi da ya dace na iya tabbatar da ingancin watsawa da tsawon lokacin sabis na sarkar.
(II) Nisa tsakanin gatari
Darajar da aka fi so ta nisan tsakiya tsakanin sprockets guda biyu ita ce sau 30-50 na matakin sarkar nadi. Idan nauyin ya canza sosai yayin jigilar kaya, ana iya saita nisan tsakiya zuwa ƙasa da sau 20. Nisa mai dacewa tsakanin gatari yana taimakawa wajen rage lalacewa da girgiza sarka.
(III) Adadin gefen da aka saki
Watsa sarkar na'ura mai juyawa ba ya buƙatar tashin hankali na farko, amma yana buƙatar a saita shi zuwa wani matakin sassauci. Ya kamata a daidaita saitin adadin slack bisa ga takamaiman yanayin aiki. Gabaɗaya, adadin slack shine kusan kashi 4% na tsawon. Idan aka yi amfani da watsawa a tsaye, babban nisa na tsakiya, nauyi mai yawa ko aikin juyawa, adadin slack yakamata ya zama kashi 2% na tsawon.
(IV) Daidaito da kwance na shaft
Ko an shigar da sprocket ɗin daidai yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga rayuwar sabis da kuma yadda sarkar naɗin take aiki. Yi amfani da matakin ruhi don daidaita kwancen sandunan biyu don tabbatar da cewa yana cikin kewayon ±1/300; yi amfani da caliper don daidaita daidaiton sandunan biyu don tabbatar da cewa yana cikin kewayon ±1/300. Don nisan tsakiya daban-daban, buƙatun daidaiton daidaiton sprocket ɗin sune kamar haka:
Nisa ta tsakiya zuwa 1m: ±1mm
Nisa ta tsakiya 1~10m: ±1mm
Nisa ta tsakiya sama da mita 10: ±10mm
(V) Tsarin shigarwa
Da zarar layin haɗin tsakiya na sprockets guda biyu ya yi kusa da kwance, to tasirin watsawa na sarkar nadi zai fi kyau. A cikin watsawa a tsaye ko a tsaye, ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙafafun idler ko tensioner don a iya cire sprocket ɗin cikin sauƙi lokacin da aka ɗan faɗaɗa sarkar. Ya kamata a lura da waɗannan abubuwan yayin shigarwa:
Idan nisan tsakiya ya yi gajere, ana iya tsawaita nisan tsakiya ta hanyar motsa goyon bayan shaft don sanya sarkar ta ɗan yi tsauri.
Idan nisan tsakiya ya yi tsawo, ana iya ƙara tayoyin idler a ɓangaren ciki na ɓangaren da ba shi da kyau don tallafawa sarkar naɗi.
Ga sarƙoƙi da ke gudana a babban gudu da kuma nau'ikan kaya daban-daban, amfani da masu dakatar da jirgin ƙasa na jagorar sarƙoƙi na iya rage girgiza yadda ya kamata.
Lokacin da watsawar take a tsaye, ana iya shigar da na'urar rage zafin don daidaita matsin lamba a kan lokaci don tabbatar da daidaiton haɗin sprocket da sarkar.

2. Gargaɗi game da shafa man shafawa
(I) Muhimmancin shafa man shafawa
Man shafawa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen watsa sarkar nadi. Man shafawa mai kyau zai iya rage lalacewar sarka, rage hayaniya, da kuma hana tsatsa, ta haka ne zai tsawaita rayuwar sarkar. Rashin isasshen man shafawa ko rashin dacewa zai iya haifar da matsaloli kamar lalacewa da wuri da kuma karyewar sarkar.
(II) Hanyoyin shafawa
Dangane da yanayin amfani da yanayin aiki, akwai hanyoyi masu zuwa don shafa mai a sarƙoƙin nadi:
Mai da hannu: ya dace da tsarin watsawa mai sauƙi da ƙarancin gudu. A shafa man shafawa kai tsaye tsakanin fil da hannun sarkar.
Man shafawa a cikin ruwan wanka: Ana nutsar da sarkar a cikin tankin mai kuma ana shafa mata mai ta hanyar zagayawar mai. Ya dace da tsarin watsawa na matsakaici da matsakaici.
Man shafawa mai feshi: Ana sanya farantin mai mai a cikin gidan, kuma ana yayyafa man shafawa a kan sarkar ta cikin farantin mai mai. Ya dace da tsarin watsawa mai sauri da matsakaici.
Man shafawa da aka tilasta: Ana tilasta wa man shafawa ya kai sassa daban-daban na sarkar ta amfani da famfon mai. Ya dace da tsarin watsawa mai sauri da nauyi.
(III) Zaɓin mai mai shafawa
Ya kamata a tantance zaɓin man shafawa bisa ga yanayin aiki da zafin sarkar. Gabaɗaya, ɗanɗanon man shafawa ya kamata ya zama matsakaici, wanda zai iya tabbatar da kyakkyawan tasirin shafawa ba tare da toshe hanyar shafawa ba saboda yawan ɗanɗanon. Ga nau'ikan zafin jiki daban-daban, ɗanɗanon man shafawa da aka ba da shawarar shine kamar haka:
-10℃~0℃: SAE10W
0℃~40℃: SAE20
40℃ ~ 50℃: SAE30
50℃ ~ 60℃: SAE40

3. Gargaɗin kulawa
(I) Dubawa akai-akai
Dubawa akai-akai muhimmin bangare ne na kula da jigilar na'urorin hawa sarkar birgima. Abubuwan da ke cikin binciken sun hada da:
Lalacewar sarka: auna tsawon sarkar. Idan tsawon ya kai kashi 1.5% na tsawon sarkar, yi la'akari da maye gurbin sarkar.
Lalacewar Sprocket: duba lalacewar haƙoran sprocket. Idan lalacewar ta yi tsanani, a maye gurbin sprocket ɗin da lokaci.
Man shafawa: duba adadin da ingancin man shafawa don tabbatar da cewa man shafawa ya isa kuma yana da tsabta.
Matsewar sarka: duba ko matsewar sarka ta dace kuma a daidaita ta idan ya cancanta.
(II) Tsaftacewa da shafawa
A tsaftace sarkar da sprocket akai-akai don cire ƙura, tarkace da tabon mai a saman. Bayan tsaftacewa, a shafa man shafawa a kan lokaci don tabbatar da cewa dukkan sassan sarkar sun cika da mai.
(III) Sauya sassan da suka lalace
Idan sarkar ko sprocket ta lalace sosai, ya kamata a maye gurbinta akan lokaci. Lokacin maye gurbin, zaɓi samfuran samfuri iri ɗaya da ƙayyadaddun tsari kamar sarkar ko sprocket na asali don tabbatar da aikin tsarin watsawa na yau da kullun.

4. Tsare-tsaren magance matsaloli
(I) Kurakurai da dalilai na yau da kullun
Karyewar sarka: Yana iya faruwa ne sakamakon yawan sarka, gajiya ko rashin isasshen man shafawa. Mafita ita ce a maye gurbin sarkar a kuma duba tsarin man shafawa.
Tsawaita sarka: Yawanci yana faruwa ne sakamakon lalacewar sarka. Idan tsawaita sarka ta kai wani matsayi, ya kamata a maye gurbin sarkar.
Lalacewar sprocket: Yana iya faruwa ne sakamakon rashin isasshen man shafawa ko kuma rashin kyawun hulɗa tsakanin sarkar da sprocket. Mafita ita ce a maye gurbin sprocket ɗin da kuma duba tsarin man shafawa.
Girgizar sarka: Yana iya faruwa ne sakamakon rashin daidaita sarka, rashin isasshen man shafawa ko kuma rashin daidaita shigar da sprocket. Mafita ita ce a daidaita matse sarkar, a duba tsarin man shafawa da kuma yanayin shigarwar sprocket.
(II) Hanyoyin magance matsaloli
Karyewar sarka: Sauya sarkar kuma duba tsarin shafawa.
Tsawaita sarka: Sauya sarkar.
Lalacewar Sprocket: Sauya sprocket ɗin kuma duba tsarin man shafawa.
Girgizar Sarka: Daidaita matsewar sarkar, duba tsarin man shafawa da kuma yanayin shigarwa na sprocket.

5. Gargaɗi don tsawon lokacin aiki
(I) Hukuncin rayuwar hidima
Yawancin lokaci ana auna tsawon lokacin da sarkar ke aiki da shi ta hanyar tsawaita sarkar. Idan tsawaita sarkar ta kai kashi 1.5% na tsawonta, ya kamata a maye gurbin sarkar. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a riƙa duba lalacewa, shafawa da kuma lalacewar sarkar da sprocket akai-akai don tabbatar da cewa tsarin watsawa yana aiki yadda ya kamata.
(II) Hanyoyin tsawaita rayuwar sabis
Shigarwa Mai Kyau: Shigarwa daidai da buƙatun shigarwa don tabbatar da haɗin sarkar da sprocket ɗin daidai.
Man shafawa mai kyau: A duba kuma a maye gurbin man shafawa akai-akai domin tabbatar da cewa dukkan sassan sarkar sun cika da man shafawa.
Dubawa akai-akai: Duba lalacewa, matsewa da kuma shafa man shafawa akai-akai don gano da magance matsaloli cikin lokaci.
A guji yawan wuce gona da iri: A guji yin amfani da sarkar a lokacin da take da yawa domin rage lalacewa da gajiya.

6. Gargaɗi game da zaɓe
(I) Ka'idojin zaɓe
Lokacin zabar sarkar na'ura mai juyawa, zaɓin ya kamata ya dogara ne akan abubuwa kamar kaya, saurin gudu, da yanayin aiki na tsarin watsawa. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan yayin zaɓar:
Ƙarfin sarkar: Zaɓi sarkar da ta dace da ƙarfi bisa ga nauyin tsarin watsawa.
Saurin sarkar: Zaɓi sarkar da ta dace da saurin gudu bisa ga saurin tsarin watsawa.
Sautin sarkar: Zaɓi madaidaicin sarkar bisa ga adadin haƙoran da kuma nisan tsakiyar sprocket ɗin.
Adadin layukan sarka: Zaɓi adadin layukan sarka da ya dace bisa ga buƙatun kaya da sarari na tsarin watsawa.
(II) Lissafin zaɓi
Lissafin zaɓin ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa:
Lissafa matsin lambar sarkar: Lissafa matsin lambar bisa ga nauyin da saurin tsarin watsawa.
Lissafa matsin lambar da aka gyara: Gyara matsin lambar bisa ga ma'aunin amfani da kuma ma'aunin gudu.
Lissafa tashin hankali da raguwar sarkar: Lissafa tashin hankali da raguwar sarkar bisa ga buƙatun hanzartawa da raguwar tsarin watsawa.
Lissafa tashin hankalin inertia na sarkar: Lissafa tashin hankalin inertia na sarkar bisa ga buƙatun inertia na tsarin watsawa.
Zaɓi samfurin sarkar da ta dace: Zaɓi samfurin sarkar da ta dace bisa ga sakamakon lissafi.