Juriyar Tsatsa ta Sarkunan Naɗin Bakin Karfe

Juriyar Tsatsa ta Sarkunan Naɗin Bakin Karfe

A fannin watsawa a masana'antu, tsawon lokacin aiki da kuma kwanciyar hankali na sarƙoƙin nadi kai tsaye ke ƙayyade ingancin samarwa. Duk da haka, a cikin muhallin da ke lalata abubuwa kamar danshi, muhallin acidic da alkaline, da feshin gishiri, carbon na yau da kullun yana aiki.sarƙoƙin naɗa ƙarfesau da yawa suna lalacewa saboda tsatsa, ƙaruwar farashin gyara da kuma yiwuwar haifar da raguwar lokacin samar da layin samarwa. Sarkunan naɗa bakin ƙarfe, tare da ƙarfin juriyar tsatsa, sun zama manyan abubuwan watsawa a masana'antu kamar sarrafa abinci, injiniyan ruwa, da masana'antun sinadarai da magunguna.

I. Babban Ka'idar Juriyar Tsatsa ta Sarkar Na'urar Naɗa Bakin Karfe: Garanti Biyu na Kayan Aiki da Sana'a

Juriyar tsatsa ta sarƙoƙin nadi na bakin ƙarfe ba abu ɗaya ba ne kawai, amma tsarin kariya ne da aka gina daga haɗin kayan aiki da ƙwarewar aiki daidai. Babban ƙa'idarsa ita ce a jinkirta ko hana tsarin tsatsa ta sarƙoƙi ta hanyar ware tsakiyar lalata da kuma hana tsatsa ta lantarki.

1. Babban Kayan Aiki: Kariyar Fim ɗin "Passivation" na Chromium-Nickel Alloy
Tushen sarkar nadi ta bakin ƙarfe an yi ta ne da ƙarfe mai kama da austenitic kamar 304 da 316L. Juriyar tsatsa ta waɗannan kayan ta samo asali ne daga abubuwan da suka haɗa da ƙarfe mai kama da ƙarfe:
Chromium (Cr): Idan sinadarin chromium a cikin bakin karfe ya kai kashi 12% ko sama da haka, wani fim mai aiki da sinadarin chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃), mai kauri 0.01-0.03μm kawai, yana samuwa idan aka fallasa shi ga iska ko muhallin da ke lalata iska. Wannan fim ɗin yana da tsari mai yawa da kuma mannewa mai ƙarfi, yana rufe saman sarkar sosai kuma yana aiki kamar sulke mai kariya, yana ware kayan tushe daga kafofin lalata kamar ruwa, iskar oxygen, da acid da alkalis.
Nickel (Ni): Ƙara nickel ba wai kawai yana ƙara tauri da kwanciyar hankali na bakin ƙarfe mai zafi ba, har ma yana ƙarfafa juriyar lalacewa na fim ɗin da ba ya aiki. Musamman ƙarfe mai nauyin 316L, yana da babban abun ciki na nickel (kimanin 10%-14%) da ƙarin 2%-3% na molybdenum (Mo), yana ƙara ƙarfafa juriyarsa ga ions na chloride (kamar feshin gishiri a cikin yanayin ruwa) da kuma hana tsatsa.

2. Sana'ar Daidaito: Ingantaccen Kariyar Sama da Juriyar Tsabtace Gine-gine
Baya ga fa'idodin kayan tushe, tsarin samar da sarkar nadi ta bakin karfe yana ƙara haɓaka juriyar lalata:
Gogewa/Gogewa a Sama: Ana yin gyaran sarkar mai kyau kafin a kawo ta don rage burbushin saman da fashe-fashe, ta haka ne za a rage wuraren mannewa ga hanyoyin lalata. Wasu kayayyaki masu inganci kuma ana yin maganin passivation na ƙwararru, suna ƙara kauri ta hanyar sinadarai da kuma inganta juriyar acid da alkali.
Tsarin Naɗin da Hatimin da Ba Ya Zama Marasa Sulhu: Ana ƙera naɗin a cikin tsari mai haɗaka don hana tsatsa a cikin ramukan haɗin gwiwa. Wasu samfuran an sanye su da hatimin roba ko bakin ƙarfe don hana ƙura da ruwa shiga cikin rata tsakanin shaft ɗin sarka da bushing, wanda ke rage haɗarin kamawa da tsatsa ta ciki ke haifarwa.

II. Amfanin Juriyar Tsabtace Tsabta: Rage Kuɗin Zagayowar Rayuwa ga Masu Siyayya na Ƙasa da Ƙasa

Ga ƙwararrun masu siye, babban abin da ke haifar da sarƙoƙin nadi na bakin ƙarfe shine fa'idodin da ke rage tsatsa da kuma ƙara inganci na juriyarsu ga tsatsa. Idan aka kwatanta da sarƙoƙin ƙarfe na carbon na yau da kullun, ƙimarsu akan zagayowar rayuwarsu tana bayyana a cikin manyan fannoni uku:

1. Tsawaita Rayuwar Sabis da Rage Yawan Sauyawa

A cikin muhallin da ke lalata iska, sarƙoƙin ƙarfe na carbon na yau da kullun na iya fuskantar toshewar haɗin gwiwa da karyewa sakamakon tsatsa cikin watanni 1-3. Duk da haka, sarƙoƙin naɗa baƙin ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe na iya tsawaita tsawon lokacin aikinsu zuwa shekaru 1-3, ko ma fiye da haka. Misali, a masana'antar sarrafa abinci, layukan samarwa suna buƙatar tsaftacewa akai-akai na kayan aiki tare da maganin acid da alkali. Sarƙoƙin naɗa bakin ƙarfe 304 na bakin ƙarfe na iya jure waɗannan tsaftacewa sau 3-5 a mako, suna kawar da tsayawar samarwa da maye gurbinsu saboda tsatsa, da kuma rage asarar lokacin aiki da sau 3-5 a shekara.

2. Rage Kuɗin Kulawa da Aiki

Sarkokin naɗa bakin ƙarfe ba sa buƙatar amfani da man hana tsatsa akai-akai, kamar yadda ake buƙata a sarkokin ƙarfe na carbon. Wannan ba wai kawai yana rage farashin siyan man hana tsatsa ba ne, har ma yana rage nauyin ma'aikatan gyara. Misali, a cikin tsarin watsawa na dandamali na ƙasashen waje, sarkokin ƙarfe na carbon suna buƙatar cire tsatsa da mai a kowane wata, yayin da sarkokin naɗa bakin ƙarfe na 316L suna buƙatar tsaftacewa mai sauƙi kawai bayan kowane watanni shida, wanda ke rage lokutan gyara da sama da kashi 80% a kowace shekara.

3. Tabbatar da daidaiton watsawa da kuma hana asarar samfura
Tsatsa na iya rage daidaiton girman sarka, wanda ke haifar da matsaloli kamar tsallake haƙori da kurakuran watsawa, wanda hakan ke shafar ingancin samfura. A fannin isar da kayayyaki a masana'antar magunguna, juriyar tsatsa na sarƙoƙin nadi na bakin ƙarfe yana tabbatar da cewa sarkar ta kasance ba ta da tsatsa da tarkace, wanda ke hana gurɓatar magunguna. Bugu da ƙari, daidaiton watsawarsu mai ƙarfi yana tabbatar da cewa kuskuren cikawa na kowane kwalba yana cikin ±0.5%, wanda ya cika ƙa'idodin GMP na duniya.

III. Yanayin Aikace-aikace na yau da kullun don Sarƙoƙin Naɗin Bakin Karfe: Biya Bukatun Masana'antu Masu Tsabta
Yanayin tsatsa ya bambanta sosai a fannoni daban-daban. Sarƙoƙin naɗa bakin ƙarfe, ta hanyar kayayyaki da samfura iri-iri, sun dace daidai da buƙatun yanayi daban-daban. Ga manyan fannoni huɗu na aikace-aikacen da suka fi jan hankali daga masu siye na ƙasashen waje:
Aikace-aikacen Masana'antu Muhalli mai lalata Halayen Bakin Karfe da aka ba da shawarar Babban Amfani
Sarrafa Abinci Ruwan tsaftacewa mai ɗauke da sinadarin acid da alkaline, zafin jiki mai yawa da danshi 304 bakin ƙarfe: Juriyar acid da alkali, babu gurɓataccen tsatsa
Injin Injiniyan Ruwa Feshin Gishiri da nutsar da ruwan teku Bakin Karfe 316L: Juriyar ramin ion na Chloride, juriya ga lalata ruwan teku
Masana'antar Sinadarai da Magunguna Masu narkewar sinadarai da iskar gas mai lalata ƙarfe 316L/317: Yana jure wa sinadarai daban-daban na halitta, babu zubar da ƙazanta.
Maganin Ruwan Shara Mai ɗauke da Sulfur da tsatsa mai ƙwayoyin cuta 304/316L Bakin ƙarfe: Juriyar tsatsa mai ƙarfi a cikin ruwan shara, tsaftacewa mai sauƙi
Misali, kamfanin sarrafa abincin teku na Turai. Layukan samar da abincin suna fuskantar matsanancin zafi da feshi na gishiri, kuma kayan aikin suna buƙatar tsaftacewa ta yau da kullun tare da maganin sodium hypochlorite. A da, ta amfani da sarƙoƙin ƙarfe na carbon, ana maye gurbin sarƙoƙi biyu kowane wata, wanda ke haifar da awanni huɗu na rashin aiki ga kowane maye gurbin. Sauya zuwa sarƙoƙin naɗa bakin ƙarfe 304 yana rage buƙatar maye gurbin zuwa ɗaya a kowane watanni 18, yana adana kusan dala $120,000 a lokacin rashin aiki na shekara-shekara da rage farashin kulawa da kashi 60%.

IV. Shawarwari Kan Zaɓe: Yadda Ake Zaɓar Sarkar Naɗaɗɗen Karfe Mai Naɗewa Don Muhalli Masu Lalacewa?

Ganin yadda ake fuskantar bambancin ƙarfin tsatsa da yanayin aikace-aikacen, masu siye na ƙasashen duniya dole ne su yi la'akari da muhimman abubuwa guda uku: "Nau'in Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai Masu Lalacewa," "Yanayin Zafin Jiki," da "Bukatun Load" don zaɓar samfurin da ya dace don guje wa asarar aiki ko rashin aiki saboda zaɓin da bai dace ba.

1. Zaɓi Abu bisa ga Kafofin Watsa Labarai Masu Lalacewa

Don ɗan tsatsa mai laushi (kamar iska mai danshi da ruwan sha): Zaɓi ƙarfe mai bakin ƙarfe 304, wanda ke ba da mafi kyawun ƙima kuma ya cika mafi yawan buƙatu na gabaɗaya.

Don matsakaicin tsatsa (kamar ruwan tsaftace abinci da ruwan sharar masana'antu): Zaɓi ƙarfe mai nauyin 304L (ƙarancin sinadarin carbon, yana rage tsatsa tsakanin granular).

Don tsatsa mai tsanani (kamar feshi na gishiri da sinadarai masu narkewa): Zaɓi ƙarfe mai nauyin 316L, musamman ya dace da masana'antar ruwa da sinadarai. Idan kafofin watsa labarai sun ƙunshi yawan sinadarin chloride, haɓaka zuwa ƙarfe mai nauyin 317.

2. Zaɓi tsari bisa ga zafin jiki da kaya.
Don yanayin zafi mai yawa (misali, kayan busarwa, yanayin zafi > 200°C): Zaɓi samfura masu hatimin bakin ƙarfe don hana tsufa mai zafi na hatimin roba. Haka kuma, tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na kayan (ƙarfe 304 na bakin ƙarfe na iya jure yanayin zafi ≤ 800°C, 316L na iya jure yanayin zafi ≤ 870°C).
Don aikace-aikacen ɗaukar kaya masu nauyi (misali, jigilar kayan aiki masu nauyi, kaya > 50kN): Zaɓi sarƙoƙin naɗa bakin ƙarfe masu nauyi tare da faranti masu kauri da naɗawa masu ƙarfi don tabbatar da ƙarfin tsari da juriyar tsatsa.

3. Kula da takaddun shaida na ƙasashen duniya da rahotannin gwaji.
Domin tabbatar da ingancin samfura ya cika ƙa'idodin kasuwa da aka tsara, ana ba da shawarar a ba da fifiko ga samfuran da ke da takardar shaidar tsarin kula da inganci na ISO 9001, takardar shaidar hulɗa da abinci ta FDA (ga masana'antar abinci), da takardar shaidar CE (ga kasuwar Turai). Ya kamata masu samar da kayayyaki su kuma samar da rahotannin gwajin juriya ga tsatsa, kamar gwajin feshi na gishiri (gwajin feshi na gishiri tsaka tsaki na tsawon awanni ≥ 480 ba tare da tsatsa ba) da gwajin nutsewa a cikin acid da alkali, don tabbatar da ainihin aikin samfur.

5. Zaɓi Sarkar Na'urar Naɗa Bakin Karfe: Samar da Kariya Mai Dorewa Ga Tsarin Tuƙinka

A matsayinmu na masana'anta ƙwararre kan abubuwan da ke cikin jigilar ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe, sarkar naɗaɗɗen ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe ba wai kawai tana ba da fa'idodin juriyar tsatsa da aka ambata a sama ba, har ma tana ba da manyan ayyuka guda uku waɗanda suka dace da buƙatun masu siye na ƙasashen duniya:

Samarwa ta Musamman: Za mu iya keɓance sarƙoƙi bisa ga aikace-aikacenku (misali, takamaiman girma, kaya, da buƙatun zafin jiki). Misalan sun haɗa da sarƙoƙin naɗa bakin ƙarfe 316L tare da hanyoyin haɗi masu faɗi don dandamali na ƙasashen waje da ƙira marasa mai don layukan samar da abinci.

Cikakken Tsarin Kula da Ingancin Aiki: Daga siyan kayan aiki (ta amfani da faranti na bakin ƙarfe daga shahararrun masana'antun ƙarfe kamar Baosteel da TISCO) zuwa isar da kayayyaki, kowane rukuni yana fuskantar gwajin feshi na gishiri, gwajin ƙarfin tururi, da gwajin daidaiton watsawa don tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa.

Sabis na Amsa da Sauri da Bayan Sayarwa: Muna ba da shawarwari na fasaha awanni 24 a rana ga masu siye na duniya. Tare da isasshen kayan samfura na yau da kullun, za mu iya jigilar kaya cikin kwanaki 3-5. Idan matsalolin inganci suka taso a cikin lokacin garanti, muna ba da sabis na maye gurbin ko gyara kyauta.