Ziziphi iindlela ezithile ezisetyenziswa ngayo imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya?

Ziziphi iindlela ezithile ezisetyenziswa ngayo imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya?

1. Isishwankathelo sokusetyenziswa kweetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwishishini lokulungisa ukutya
1.1 Iimpawu zezinto ezisetyenziswa kwimixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo
Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zihlala zenziwe ngezinto zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezifana nentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-304, intsimbi engagqwali engama-316L, njl. Ezi zinto zineempawu ezibalulekileyo ezilandelayo:

Ukumelana nokugqwala: Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-304 iqulethe inani elikhulu le-chromium kunye ne-nickel elements, nto leyo eyenza ukuba imelane ne-oxidation kunye nokugqwala kwiindawo ezininzi. Intsimbi engagqwali engama-316L yongeza i-molybdenum (Mo) ukuphucula ngakumbi ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokuxhathisa imingxunya, ngakumbi efanelekileyo kwiindawo ezifumileyo, ezine-asidi kunye ne-alkaline ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungisweni kokutya.

Amandla aphezulu: Emva konyango olukhethekileyo, amandla okutsalwa kunye namandla okuvelisa amatsheyini entsimbi engagqwaliyo aphezulu, kwaye anokumelana nemithwalo emikhulu. Umzekelo, amandla okutsalwa kwamatsheyini entsimbi engagqwaliyo angama-304 anokufikelela kwi-515 MPa, nto leyo enokwanelisa iimfuno zezixhobo zokulungisa ukutya ukuze zithwale umthwalo wetsheyini.

Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu nobuphantsi: Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zingasetyenziswa kubushushu obubanzi, njengobushushu bokusetyenziswa obuyi-304 intsimbi engagqwaliyo yi--20°C ukuya kwi-400°C, efanelekileyo kwizixhobo zokubhaka ezishushu kakhulu kunye nezixhobo zokukhenkceza ezishushu kakhulu ekulungisweni kokutya.

Ucoceko nokungabi natyhefu: Izinto zentsimbi engatyiwayo azinatyhefu kwaye azinavumba, ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko yoshishino lokulungisa ukutya, kwaye aziyi kubangela ungcoliseko ekutyeni.

Intle kwaye ihlala ixesha elide: Umphezulu wayo uthambile kwaye kulula ukuwugqwala. Isenokuhlala ibukeka kakuhle emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwaye inobomi obude benkonzo

2. Ukusetyenziswa kwamakhonkco okuhambisa
2.1 Ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ezikrwada
Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwikhonkco lokuhambisa izinto eziluhlaza kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziluhlaza zokucubungula ukutya, kuquka iinkozo, inyama, iziqhamo, imifuno, njl. Ukuhambisa ezi zinto kufuneka kuhlangabezane neemfuno zococeko, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza.

Ukuhambisa iinkozo: Kumashishini okucubungula iinkozo, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwali isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iinkozo ezifana nengqolowa nombona. Umzekelo, umatshini omkhulu wokugaya umgubo usebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwali ukuthutha ingqolowa ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina impahla ukuya kwindawo yokulungisa, enomthamo wokuhambisa ofikelela kwiitoni ezingama-50 ngeyure, nto leyo ephucula ngempumelelo ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Ukumelana nokugqwala kunye namandla aphezulu emixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwali kubenza bakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle xa besetyenziswa ixesha elide kwaye abayi kugqwala okanye bonakalise ngenxa yokufuma okanye ukungcola kwiinkozo.
Ukuthuthwa kwenyama: Kumashishini okulungisa inyama, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo isetyenziselwa ukuthutha imfuyo efana neehagu neenkomo. Kwindawo yokuxhela, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ithutha imfuyo ukusuka kumgca wokuxhela ukuya kwindawo yokusika, kwaye iimpawu zococeko nezingeyongozi zemixokelelwane ziqinisekisa ukuba inyama ayingcoliswanga ngexesha lonke lenkqubo yokuthutha. Ukongeza, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu nobuphantsi kwemixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kubenza bakwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo enobushushu obuphantsi yendawo yokuxhela.
Ukuthuthwa kweziqhamo nemifuno: Kumashishini okucubungula iziqhamo nemifuno, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo isetyenziselwa ukuthutha iziqhamo nemifuno. Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso wokugalela iziqhamo usebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuthutha iziqhamo ukusuka kwindawo yokuhlamba ukuya kwindawo yokubeka imixokelelwane, enomthamo wokuhambisa ofikelela kwiitoni ezingama-30 ngeyure. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwemixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kubenza bakwazi ukumelana nezinto ezine-asidi kwiziqhamo nemifuno, ngelixa iimpawu zabo zococeko nezingenatyhefu ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya.

2.2 Ukuthuthwa kwemveliso egqityiweyo kancinci
Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwikhonkco lokuthutha imveliso engagqitywanga ngokupheleleyo kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya. Ukuthuthwa kweemveliso ezingagqitywanga ngokupheleleyo kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba ucoceko kunye nomgangatho wokutya akuchaphazeleki ngexesha lenkqubo yokucubungula.

Ukuhambisa izinto ezibhakiweyo ezingagqitywanga: Kumashishini okubhaka ukutya, iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iimveliso ezingagqitywanga njengesonka kunye neekeyiki. Umzekelo, ibhega enkulu isebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa isonka ukusuka kwindawo yokwenza izinto ukuya kwindawo yokubhaka, enomthamo wokuhambisa ofikelela kwiitoni ezingama-20 ngeyure. Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwetsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwenza ukuba isebenze ngokuzinzileyo kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu bezixhobo zokubhaka, kwaye iimpawu zayo zococeko nezingenabungozi ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhambisa.
Ukuhambisa iimveliso zenyama ezingagqitywanga ngokupheleleyo: Kumashishini okucubungula imveliso yenyama, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iimveliso ezingagqitywanga ngokupheleleyo ezifana neesoseji kunye neham. Kwiworkshop yokucubungula isoseji, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ihambisa isoseji ukusuka kumgca wokuzalisa ukuya kwindawo yokusebenzela yokutshaya. Ukumelana nokugqwala kunye namandla aphezulu ekhonkrithi kwenza ukuba ihlale isebenza kakuhle xa isetyenziswa ixesha elide. Ukongeza, iimpawu zococeko kunye nezingenabungozi zekhonkrithi yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lococeko lweemveliso zenyama ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhambisa.
Ukuhambisa iimveliso zesiselo ezingekagqitywa ngokupheleleyo: Kumashishini okulungisa iziselo, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iziselo ezingekagqitywa ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso weziselo usebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuhambisa iziselo ezingekagqitywa ngokupheleleyo ukusuka kwindawo yokuxuba ukuya kwindawo yokugcwalisa, enomthamo wokuhambisa ukuya kuthi ga kwiitoni ezili-10 ngeyure. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwemixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kubenza bakwazi ukumelana nezinto ezine-asidi kwiziselo, ngelixa iimpawu zabo zococeko nezingenatyhefu ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweziselo ngexesha lokuthuthwa.

3. Ukufaka isicelo kwinkqubo yokuzalisa
3.1 Ukuzaliswa kokutya okumanzi
Iitsheyini zentsimbi engatyiwayo zidlala indima engenakutshintshwa kwinkqubo yokuzalisa ukutya okumanzi, kwaye iingenelo zazo zokusebenza ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ucoceko kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yokuzalisa.

Ukuzaliswa kwebhiya: Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ibhiya, iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha iitini okanye iibhotile zeglasi. Umzekelo, indawo enkulu yokwenza ibhiya isebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuthutha iitini ukusuka kwindawo yokucoca ukuya kwindawo yokugcwalisa ize emva koko iye kwindawo yokuvala. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwetsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kunye nokuzaliswa kweetini ngaxeshanye, inqanaba lolwelo lokuzalisa elizinzileyo, umgama omfutshane phakathi kokuzaliswa kunye nokutywinwa, kunye nomxholo weoksijini ophantsi kwitini. Zonke iindawo ezinxibelelana neetini zenziwe ngesakhiwo sentsimbi engagqwaliyo yodidi lokutya ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wesigqubuthelo.
Ukuzaliswa kwesiselo: Kwinkqubo yokuzaliswa kwesiselo, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo isetyenziselwa ukuthutha iibhotile zesiselo. Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso wesiselo usebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuthutha iibhotile zesiselo ukusuka kwindawo yokucoca ukuya kwindawo yokugcwalisa uze uye kwindawo yokuvala. Ukumelana nokugqwala komxokelelwane wentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwenza ukuba ukwazi ukumelana nezinto ezine-asidi kwisiselo, kwaye iimpawu zawo zococeko nezingenatyhefu ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwesiselo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzalisa. Ukongeza, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu komxokelelwane wentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwenza ukuba ukwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kwikhonkco lokubulala iintsholongwane kubushushu obuphezulu emva kokuba isiselo sizaliswe.

Ukuzaliswa kweoyile etyiwayo: Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzaliswa kweoyile etyiwayo, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engatyiwayo isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa imixokelelwane yeoyile etyiwayo. Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso weoyile etyiwayo usebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa imixokelelwane yentsimbi engatyiwayo ukuthutha imixokelelwane yeoyile etyiwayo ukusuka kwindawo yokuzalisa ukuya kwindawo yokugquma. Ukumelana nokugqwala komxokelelwane wentsimbi engatyiwayo kwenza ukuba ikwazi ukumelana nezinto ezine-asidi kwioyile etyiwayo, kwaye iimpawu zayo zococeko nezingenabungozi ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweoyile etyiwayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzalisa. Ukongeza, iimpawu zamandla aphezulu zemixokelelwane yentsimbi engatyiwayo ziyenza ikwazi ukumelana nobunzima bomxokelelwane weoyile etyiwayo, ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo yokuhambisa.

3.2 Ukuzaliswa kokutya okuqinileyo
Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo nazo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwikhonkco lokuzalisa ukutya okuqinileyo, kwaye iingenelo zazo zokusebenza ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ucoceko kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yokuzalisa.

Ukuzaliswa kwesoseji: Ngexesha lokucubungula isoseji, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iisoseji. Umzekelo, isityalo sokucubungula isoseji sisebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuhambisa iisoseji ukusuka kumgca wokuzalisa ukuya kwindawo yokutshaya. Ukumelana nokugqwala kunye namandla aphezulu emixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwenza ukuba ikwazi ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle xa isetyenziswa ixesha elide, ngelixa iimpawu zayo zococeko nezingeyongozi ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lococeko lweesoseji ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzalisa. Ukongeza, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwemixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwenza ukuba isebenze ngokuzinzileyo kwinkqubo yokutshaya isoseji.
Ukuzaliswa kweelekese: Ngexesha lokucubungula iilekese, iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iilekese. Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso weelekese usebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa iilekese zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuhambisa iilekese ukusuka kwindawo yokugcwalisa ukuya kwindawo yokupakisha. Iimpawu zococeko nezingeyongozi zetsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweelekese ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzalisa, ngelixa ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kuyenza ikwazi ukumelana nezinto ezineasidi kwiilekese. Ukongeza, iimpawu ezinamandla aphezulu zetsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ziyenza ikwazi ukuthwala ubunzima beelekese, ziqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo yokuhambisa.
Ukuzaliswa kweenati: Ngexesha lokucubungula iinati, iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iinati. Umzekelo, isityalo sokucubungula iinati sisebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuhambisa iinati ukusuka kwindawo yokugcwalisa ukuya kwindawo yokupakisha. Iimpawu zococeko nezingeyongozi zeetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweenati ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzalisa, ngelixa ukumelana kwazo nokugqwala kuzenza zikwazi ukumelana nezinto ezine-asidi kwiinati. Ukongeza, iimpawu ezinamandla aphezulu zeetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zizenza zikwazi ukuthwala ubunzima beenati, ziqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo yokuhambisa.

4. Isicelo kwiikhonkco zokubhaka
4.1 Ukubhaka isonka
Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokubhaka isonka, kwaye iingenelo zazo zokusebenza ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ucoceko kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yokubhaka.

Ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokubhaka: Kwizixhobo zokubhaka isonka, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo idla ngokusetyenziswa ukuhambisa isonka. Umzekelo, ivenkile enkulu yokubhaka isebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuhambisa isonka ukusuka kwindawo yokusebenzela yokwenza izinto ukuya kwindawo yokubhaka, enomthamo wokuhambisa ofikelela kwiitoni ezingama-20 ngeyure. Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwemixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwenza ukuba zisebenze ngokuzinzileyo kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu bezixhobo zokubhaka, kwaye zihlala zikwazi ukumelana nobushushu bokubhaka obufikelela kwi-250°C, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwesonka ngexesha lokubhaka.
Ucoceko kunye nokhuseleko lokutya: Iimpawu zococeko kunye nezingatyhefekiyo zeetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zihlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko yeshishini lokucubungula ukutya kwaye aziyi kubangela ungcoliseko kwisonka. Umphezulu waso ogudileyo kulula ukuwucoca, nto leyo enokuthintela ngempumelelo ukukhula kweebhaktheriya kwaye iqinisekise ucoceko kunye nokhuseleko lwesonka ngexesha lokubhaka.

Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso: Amandla aphezulu kunye neempawu zengxolo ephantsi zeetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zibenza bakwazi ukuhlala bezinzile ngexesha lokusebenza ixesha elide, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokugcinwa kwezixhobo kunye nesantya sokungaphumeleli. Oku akuphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yokubhaka isonka, kodwa kunciphisa neendleko zokusebenza kwamashishini.

4.2 Ukubhaka inyama
Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo nazo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkqubo yokubhaka inyama, kwaye iingenelo zazo zokusebenza ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ucoceko kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yokubhaka inyama.

Ukusetyenziswa ekucubungulweni kweesoseji: Kwinkqubo yokucubungula iisoseji, iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iisoseji. Umzekelo, isityalo sokucubungula iisoseji sisebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuhambisa iisoseji ukusuka kumgca wokuzalisa ukuya kwindawo yokutshaya. Ukumelana nokugqwala kunye neempawu ezinamandla aphezulu zeetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zibenza bakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle ekusetyenzisweni ixesha elide, ngelixa iimpawu zabo zococeko nezingeyongozi ziqinisekisa ucoceko kunye nokhuseleko lweesoseji ngexesha lokubhaka. Ukongeza, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kweetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo kubenza bakwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kwinkqubo yokutshaya iisoseji, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo banokumelana nobushushu bokubhaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-200°C.

Ukusetyenziswa ekucubungulweni kwemveliso yenyama: Kwiinkampani ezicubungula imveliso yenyama, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwali isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iimveliso ezifana neham kunye ne-barbecue. Umzekelo, isityalo esicubungula inyama sisebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwali ukuthutha iham ukusuka kwindawo yokusebenzela yokupheka ukuya kwindawo yokubhaka. Ukumelana nokugqwala kunye namandla aphezulu emixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwali kwenza ukuba ikwazi ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle xa isetyenziswa ixesha elide, ngelixa iipropati zayo zococeko nezingenabungozi ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lococeko lweemveliso zenyama ngexesha lenkqubo yokubhaka. Ukongeza, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu bomxokelelwane wentsimbi engagqwali kwenza ukuba isebenze ngokuzinzileyo kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu bezixhobo zokubhaka inyama, kwaye idla ngokumelana nobushushu bokubhaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-180°C.

Ucoceko kunye nokhuseleko lokutya: Iimpawu zococeko kunye nezingatyhefekiyo zetsheyini yentsimbi engatyiwayo ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko yoshishino lokucubungula ukutya kwaye aziyi kungcolisa iimveliso zenyama. Umphezulu wayo ogudileyo kulula ukuwucoca, nto leyo enokuthintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ngempumelelo kwaye iqinisekise ukhuseleko lococeko lweemveliso zenyama ngexesha lokubhaka. Ukongeza, ukumelana nokugqwala kwetsheyini yentsimbi engatyiwayo kwenza ukuba ikwazi ukumelana nezinto ezine-asidi kwiimveliso zenyama, nto leyo eqinisekisa ngakumbi ukhuseleko lokutya.

5. Isicelo kwikhonkco lokuqandisa
5.1 Imveliso yokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo
Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo, kwaye iingenelo zazo zokusebenza ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ucoceko kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yemveliso.

Ukusetyenziswa kwiitonela eziqandisa ngokukhawuleza: Kwiitonela eziqandisa ngokukhawuleza, iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha ukutya, njengeedumplings, iibhola zerayisi ezinamafutha amaninzi, ukutya kwaselwandle, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Umzekelo, umzi-mveliso omkhulu wokutya oqandisa ngokukhawuleza usebenzisa inkqubo yokuhambisa itsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuthutha ukutya ukusuka kwindawo yokulungisa ukuya kwitsheyini eqandisa ngokukhawuleza, enomthamo wokuhambisa ukuya kuthi ga kwiitoni ezingama-30 ngeyure. Ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi kwetsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kuyenza ikwazi ukugcina amandla kunye nokuqina kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu ngaphandle kobuthathaka. Ukongeza, iimpawu zococeko kunye nokungabi nabungozi zetsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo zihlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko yoshishino lokucubungula ukutya kwaye aziyi kubangela ungcoliseko ekutyeni.

Ucoceko kunye nokhuseleko lokutya: Umphezulu wetsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo uthambile kwaye kulula ukuwucoca, nto leyo enokuthintela ngempumelelo ukukhula kweebhaktheriya kwaye iqinisekise ukhuseleko lokutya ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhenkceza. Ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kwenza ukuba ikwazi ukumelana nezinto ezine-asidi ekutyeni, nto leyo eqinisekisa ngakumbi ukhuseleko lokutya.

Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso: Amandla aphezulu kunye neempawu zengxolo ephantsi zetsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ziyenza ihlale izinzile ngexesha lokusebenza ixesha elide, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokugcinwa kwezixhobo kunye nesantya sokungaphumeleli. Oku akuphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yokutya ekhenkcezisiweyo, kodwa kunciphisa neendleko zokusebenza kwamashishini.

5.2 Uthutho olufakwe efrijini
Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuthuthweni okufrijini, kwaye iingenelo zazo zokusebenza ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ucoceko kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yokuthutha.

Ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezifrijiweyo: Kwiindawo ezifrijiweyo, iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zisetyenziselwa ukulungisa nokuthutha ukutya. Umzekelo, inkampani enkulu yezothutho lwemixokelelwane ebandayo isebenzisa inkqubo yokulungisa iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ukulungisa ukutya kwiindawo ezifrijiweyo ukuqinisekisa uzinzo ngexesha lokuthuthwa. Ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi kweetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo kubenza bakwazi ukugcina amandla nokuqina kwindawo eshushu ephantsi kweendawo ezifrijiweyo. Ukongeza, iimpawu zococeko nezingeyongozi zeetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zihlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko yoshishino lokucubungula ukutya kwaye aziyi kubangela ungcoliseko ekutyeni.

Ucoceko kunye nokhuseleko lokutya: Umphezulu wemixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo uthambile kwaye kulula ukuwucoca, nto leyo enokuthintela ngempumelelo ukukhula kweebhaktheriya kwaye iqinisekise ukhuseleko lokutya ngexesha lokuthuthwa. Ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kuyenza ikwazi ukumelana nezinto ezine-asidi ekutyeni, nto leyo eqinisekisa ngakumbi ukhuseleko lokutya.

Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezothutho: Amandla aphezulu kunye neempawu zengxolo ephantsi zeetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zibenza bakwazi ukuhlala bezinzile ngexesha lokusebenza ixesha elide, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokugcinwa kwezixhobo kunye nesantya sokungaphumeleli. Oku akuphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwezothutho ezifrijini, kodwa kunciphisa neendleko zokusebenza kwamashishini.

6. Iimfuneko zokucoca nococeko
6.1 Ukucoca umphezulu
Xa kusetyenziswa imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya, ukucoca umphezulu yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya kunye nococeko. Ngexesha lokucubungula ukutya, umphezulu wemixokelelwane uthambekele ekubeni namafutha, uthuli, iintsalela zokutya kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Ukuba ezi zinto zingcolisayo azicocwanga ngexesha, zinokuzala iintsholongwane kwaye zibangele ungcoliseko lokutya.

Indlela yokucoca: Ngokwesiqhelo kusetyenziswa amanzi afudumeleyo anesepha ekucoceni. Le ndlela ithambile kwaye iyasebenza kwaye inokususa uninzi lwezinto ezingcolisayo kumphezulu wetyathanga. Kwiziphako ezinzima ukuzicoca, ungasebenzisa ibrashi ethambileyo ukukhuhla kancinci, kodwa kuphephe ukusebenzisa ibrashi eqinileyo ukuze ungakrweli umphezulu wetyathanga. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca, kufuneka uqaphele nezikhewu phakathi kweekhonkco zetyathanga. Ezi ndawo zinobunzima bokuqokelelana kokungcola kwaye zinokucocwa ngebrashi yamazinyo endala.

Amaxesha okucoca: Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ethile yokucubungula ukutya kunye nexesha lokusetyenziswa kwekhonkco, kucetyiswa ngokubanzi ukuba kwenziwe ukucoca okubanzi yonke imihla okanye emva kokutshintsha ngakunye. Kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye ezingcoliseke kakhulu, amaxesha okucoca kufuneka anyuswe ngokufanelekileyo.

Unyango lokomisa: Emva kokucoca, kufuneka ihlanjwe ngamanzi acocekileyo ize isuswe ngesixhobo sokomisa iinwele okanye ngelaphu elicocekileyo lekotoni. Ukugcina umphezulu wetyathanga womile yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuthintela ukugqwala nokukhula kweebhaktheriya.
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo: Ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca, kuyimfuneko ukujonga rhoqo ukuba itsheyini yonakele okanye ayilunganga. Nje ukuba kufumaneke iintanda, ukuguguleka okukhulu kunye nezinye iingxaki kwitsheyini, kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo yokucubungula ukutya.

6.2 Ukumelana nokugqwala
Ukumelana nokugqwala kweetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo sesinye sezizathu ezibalulekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwazo ngokubanzi kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya. Ngexesha lokucubungula ukutya, iitsheyini zihlala zichatshazelwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-asidi, i-alkaline okanye umswakama, nto leyo ebeka iimfuno eziphezulu kukumelana nokugqwala kweetsheyini.

Ukukhetha izinto: Iitsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zihlala zenziwe ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-304 okanye engama-316L. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-304 iqulethe inani elikhulu le-chromium kunye ne-nickel elements, nto leyo eyenza ukuba imelane ne-oxidation kunye nokugqwala kwiindawo ezininzi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, intsimbi engagqwali engama-316L yongeza i-molybdenum (Mo), ephucula ngakumbi ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokuxhathisa imingxuma, kwaye ifanelekile ngakumbi kwiindawo ezimanzi, ezine-asidi kunye ne-alkaline ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungisweni kokutya.

Ukusebenza kokwenyani kokusetyenziswa: Ekusetyenzisweni kokwenyani kokulungiswa kokutya, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ibonisa ukumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo. Umzekelo, kwiindawo zokusebenzela zokucubungula inyama, apho imixokelelwane ikwindawo efumileyo nenetyuwa ixesha elide, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316L inokumelana nokugqwala ngempumelelo kwaye ibe nobomi benkonzo yeminyaka eliqela. Kwiindawo zokusebenzela zokugcwalisa iziselo, apho imixokelelwane ivezwa kwizinto ezine-asidi kwiziselo, imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwali engama-304 nayo inokuhlala izinzile kwaye ayiyi kuchaphazela ukhuseleko lokutya ngenxa yokugqwala.
Amanyathelo okulungisa: Nangona imixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo inokumelana kakuhle nokugqwala, amanyathelo athile okulungisa asafuneka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Susa rhoqo umhlwa kunye nokungcola kumphezulu wemixokelelwane, nokuba ngamayeza okanye ngokwasemzimbeni. Umzekelo, sebenzisa isicoci esine-asidi esifana neviniga emhlophe okanye ijusi yelamuni ukuze usifake kumhlwa, usivumele sihlale okwethutyana, uze usihlambe ngamanzi acocekileyo; okanye sebenzisa iphepha lesandpaper, iibhrashi zentsimbi kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhuhla ngoomatshini. Ukongeza, ukugcina umphezulu wemixokelelwane womile kukwayindlela ebalulekileyo yokuthintela ukugqwala.

Impembelelo kukhuseleko lokutya: Ukumelana nokugqwala kweetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo akwandisi nje kuphela ubomi benkonzo yetsheyini, kodwa okubaluleke ngakumbi, kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, itsheyini ayizukuvelisa umhlwa okanye ezinye izinto eziyingozi ngenxa yokugqwala, ngaloo ndlela iphephe ukungcola kokutya. Oku kubalulekile kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya, kuba ukhuseleko kunye nococeko lokutya zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwishishini.

7. Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa kweetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo

7.1 Ukuhlolwa rhoqo
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo likhonkco eliphambili lokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle nangokukhuselekileyo kweetyathanga zentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya. Ngokuhlolwa rhoqo, iingxaki ezinokubakho zetyathanga zinokufunyanwa ngexesha, ukusilela kunokuthintelwa, ubomi benkonzo yetyathanga bunokwandiswa, kwaye ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo zokucubungula ukutya kunokuqinisekiswa.

Uvavanyo oluphindaphindayo: Ngokwexesha lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza kunye nendawo yokusebenza, kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uhlolo olupheleleyo rhoqo ngeveki okanye qho emva kweeveki ezimbini. Kwiindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu, ungcoliseko oluphezulu okanye iindawo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, uvavanyo oluphindaphindayo kufuneka lunyuswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Umxholo wohlolo:
Inkangeleko yetsheyini: Jonga ukuba kukho umhlwa, ukuguguleka, imikrwelo, ukuguquka kunye nezinye iingxaki kumphezulu wetsheyini. Umhlwa unokubangela ukuba amandla etsheyini anciphe, ukuguguleka kunokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kokudluliselwa kwetsheyini, imikrwelo kunye nokuguquka kunokubangela ukuba itsheyini iqhawuke okanye iqhekeke, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazele ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo zokulungisa ukutya.

Ukuqina kwetyathanga: Ukuqina kwetyathanga kufuneka kube phakathi. Ukuqina kakhulu kuya kwandisa uxinzelelo lwetyathanga, okubangela ukuguguleka okukhulu kwetyathanga kunye ne-sprocket; ukukhululeka kakhulu kunokubangela ukuba ityathanga litsibe amazinyo okanye liwe. Ngokubanzi, ukutyibilika kwetyathanga kufuneka kulawulwe phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-2% yomgama ophakathi kwe-sprocket. I-chain tensioner inokulungiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ityathanga liqinile ngokufanelekileyo.
Iindawo zoqhagamshelo lwetsheyini: Jonga ukuba iiphini zoqhagamshelo lwetsheyini, iipleyiti zetsheyini kunye nezinye iindawo zikhululekile, zigugile okanye zonakele. Ukungakhululeki kweendawo zoqhagamshelo kunokubangela ukungcangcazela okungaqhelekanga okanye ukuwa kwetsheyini ngexesha lokusebenza, okuchaphazela uzinzo kunye nokhuseleko lwezixhobo zokucubungula ukutya.
Imeko ye-Sprocket: Jonga ukuba umphezulu wezinyo le-sprocket ubolile, ukhubazekile okanye wonakele na amazinyo. Ukubolile kwe-sprocket kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kothumelo kunye nokuchaneka kwe-chain, kwaye kunokubangela ukuba i-chain itsibe amazinyo okanye iqhekeke. Ukuba i-sprocket ifunyenwe ibolile kakhulu, kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-chain.
Indlela yokuhlola: Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhlola, ezinye izixhobo ezincedisayo ezifana neeglasi zokukhulisa, ii-calipers, kunye nee-feeler gauges zingasetyenziswa. Iglasi yokukhulisa inokunceda ekuqwalaseleni imingxunya emincinci kunye nokuguguleka kumphezulu wetsheyini; i-caliper inokulinganisa i-pitch yetsheyini, ubukhulu bepleyiti yetsheyini kunye neminye imilinganiselo ukumisela ukuba itsheyini inxitywe ngaphaya komgangatho; i-feeler gauge inokulinganisa umsantsa we-meshing phakathi kwetsheyini kunye ne-sprocket ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokudluliselwa kwetsheyini. Ukongeza, inkangeleko kunye nokuqina kwetsheyini kunokuhlolwa kwangaphambili ngokuhlolwa okubonakalayo kunye nokuchukumisa ngesandla.

Irekhodi kunye nohlalutyo: Emva kovavanyo ngalunye, iziphumo zovavanyo kufuneka zirekhodwe ngokweenkcukacha, kubandakanya inkangeleko, ukuqina, ubungakanani bokuguguleka, iingxaki ezifunyenweyo kunye neendlela zonyango lwetsheyini. Ngokuhlalutya iirekhodi zovavanyo, imeko yokusetyenziswa kunye nemithetho yokuguguleka kwetsheyini inokufundwa, inike isiseko sokwenza isicwangciso solondolozo esifanelekileyo kunye nomjikelo wokutshintshwa. Umzekelo, ukuba kufunyaniswe ukuba itsheyini idla ngokuguguleka okanye yonakele kwindawo ethile, unobangela ungahlalutywa, njengokuthi inxulumene nendlela yokusebenza kwezixhobo, indawo yokufakelwa kwetsheyini okanye indawo yokusebenza, ukuze kuthathwe amanyathelo okuphucula afanelekileyo.

7.2 Ukuthintela ukuthambisa kunye nokugqwala
Ukuthambisa kunye nokuthintela umhlwa zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekugcinweni kwemixokelelwane yentsimbi engagqwaliyo. Zinokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukuguguleka kwemixokelelwane, zandise ubomi benkonzo yomxokelelwane, zithintele umxokelelwane ekugqwetheni, kwaye ziqinisekise ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo zokulungisa ukutya kunye nokhuseleko lokutya.

Ukubaluleka kokuthambisa: Ngexesha lokusebenza kwetsheyini yentsimbi engagqwaliyo, kuya kubakho ukungqubana phakathi kwamakhonkco etsheyini kunye naphakathi kwetsheyini kunye ne-sprocket. Ukuthambisa kunokunciphisa i-friction coefficient kwaye kunciphise ukuguguleka kwetsheyini. Ukongeza, ukuthambisa kunokususa ubushushu obuveliswa yitsheyini ngexesha lokusebenza, kuthintele ukuba itsheyini ingaguquki okanye yonakale ngenxa yobushushu obugqithisileyo. Kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya, ekubeni itsheyini idla ngokudibana nokutya, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha izithambisi ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko lokutya ukuthintela i-lubricant ekungcoliseni ukutya.

Indlela yokuthambisa:

Ukuthambisa ngesandla: Kwizixhobo ezincinci okanye ezikhawulezayo zokulungisa ukutya, ukuthambisa ngesandla kungasetyenziswa. Sebenzisa ioyile yokuthambisa okanye igrisi yomgangatho wokutya ukufaka igrisi kwiikhonkco zetyathanga, iiphini, iipleyiti zetyathanga nakwezinye iindawo zetyathanga. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokufaka, qiniseka ukuba igrisi isasazwe ngokulinganayo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuthambisa iikona ezifileyo. Iingenelo zokuthambisa ngesandla kukusebenza okulula kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, kodwa kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo, kwaye isiphumo sokuthambisa sichaphazeleka kakhulu ngumsebenzisi.

Inkqubo yokuthambisa ezenzekelayo: Kwizixhobo ezinkulu okanye ezikhawulezayo zokulungisa ukutya, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe inkqubo yokuthambisa ezenzekelayo. Inkqubo yokuthambisa ezenzekelayo inokutshiza ii-lubricants kwi-chain ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangendlela enobungakanani ngokweemeko zokusebenza kwezixhobo kunye neemfuno zokuthambisa ze-chain. Inzuzo yale ndlela yokuthambisa kukuba isiphumo sokuthambisa sizinzile kwaye siyafana, nto leyo enokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukuguguleka kwe-chain kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kwezixhobo. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zokufakela nokugcina inkqubo yokuthambisa ezenzekelayo ziphezulu, kwaye ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokuthambisa kufuneka kuhlolwe rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-lubricant inikezelwa ngokwaneleyo kwaye itshizwa ngokuqhelekileyo.

Ukukhetha izithambisi: Kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya, kubalulekile ukukhetha isithambisi esifanelekileyo. Izithambisi kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho yococeko lokutya, zingabi natyhefu, zingabi navumba, kwaye zingabangeli ungcoliseko ekutyeni. Izithambisi eziqhelekileyo zodidi lokutya ziquka iioyile zokuthambisa ezikumgangatho wokutya, iigrisi, kunye nezithambisi eziqinileyo. Iioyile zokuthambisa ezikumgangatho wokutya zinokuhamba kakuhle nokuphuma kwamanzi, kwaye zinokungena ngokukhawuleza kuzo zonke iindawo zekhonkco ukunciphisa ukungqubana nokuguguleka; iigrisi zinamathele kakuhle kwaye zitywina, kwaye zinokwenza ifilimu ekhuselayo kumphezulu wekhonkco ukuthintela ikhonkco ukuba lingagqwali ngenxa yokudibana nendawo engaphandle; izithambisi eziqinileyo ezifana ne-graphite kunye ne-molybdenum disulfide zingasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, umthwalo ophezulu okanye ezingenawo ioyile, kodwa isiphumo sazo sokuthambisa asisihle kwaye zihlala zifuna ukusetyenziswa kunye nezinye izithambisi. Xa ukhetha izithambisi, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokubanzi izinto ezifana nesantya sokusebenza, ubushushu, kunye nomthwalo wekhonkco. Umzekelo, kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, kufuneka kukhethwe izithambisi ezinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu; Kwizixhobo ezisebenza phantsi komthwalo omkhulu, kufuneka kukhethwe izinto zokuthambisa ezinomthwalo omkhulu

Amanyathelo okuthintela umhlwa:

Unyango lomphezulu: Ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa kwetyathanga, umphezulu wetyathanga udla ngokucolwa kakuhle ukuphucula ukugqitywa komphezulu wetyathanga nokunciphisa uburhabaxa bomphezulu wetyathanga. Umphezulu ogudileyo unokunciphisa indawo yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwetyathanga kunye nokusingqongileyo kwangaphandle kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wokugqwala kwetyathanga. Ukongeza, umphezulu wetyathanga unokufakelwa, njenge-chrome plating, i-nickel plating, njl.njl., ukwenza ifilimu ekhuselayo ukuthintela ityathanga ekugqwaleni. Unyango lwetyathanga alunakuphucula kuphela ukumelana nokugqwala kwetyathanga, kodwa lukwanyusa ubuhle betyathanga.

Ukucoca rhoqo: Ukugcina umphezulu wetyathanga ucocekile yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuthintela ityathanga ukuba lingagqwali. Ngexesha lokucubungula ukutya, umphezulu wetyathanga usengozini yokungcola okufana namafutha, uthuli, kunye neentsalela zokutya. Ukuba ezi zinto zingcolisayo azicocwanga ngexesha, zinokuzala iintsholongwane kwaye zibangele ukugqwala kwetyathanga. Ke ngoko, ityathanga kufuneka licocwe rhoqo ngamanzi afudumeleyo anesepha okanye isepha yokutya ukuze kususwe izinto ezingcolisayo kumphezulu wetyathanga. Emva kokucoca, kufuneka lihlanjwe ngamanzi acocekileyo kwaye lisulwe lome ngesixhobo sokomisa iinwele okanye ngelaphu elicocekileyo lekotoni. Ukugcina umphezulu wetyathanga womile yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ukugqwala.

Ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo: Xa itsheyini ingasetyenziswa, kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, enomoya, engenakonakaliswa yigesi. Kuphephe ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwetsheyini kumswakama, kubushushu obuphezulu okanye kwiindawo zegesi ezingcolisayo, nto leyo eya kukhawulezisa ukugqwala kwetsheyini. Ukuba itsheyini kufuneka igcinwe ixesha elide, ungafaka umaleko weoyile yokulwa nokugqwala ekumgangatho wokutya phezu komphezulu weseyini uze uyisonge ngeplastiki ukuze uthintele ukuba itsheyini ingagqwali ngenxa yokunxulumana nendawo engaphandle.

Amanyathelo okulungisa:
Kuphephe ukusebenzisa ii-lubricants ezingafanelekanga: Kwishishini lokucubungula ukutya, akuvumelekanga ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa ii-lubricants ezingezizo ezomgangatho wokutya. Ii-lubricants ezingezizo ezomgangatho wokutya zinokuba nezinto eziyingozi, eziya kungcolisa ukutya kwaye zichaphazele ukhuseleko lokutya. Kwanakwiindawo ezingezizo ezomgangatho wokutya, ii-lubricants ezingezizo ezomgangatho wokutya kufuneka zithintelwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuthintela ii-lubricants ukuba zingatshizi okanye zivuze kwiindawo ezidibene nokutya.
Tshintsha imixokelelwane egugileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo: Xa imixokelelwane igugile kakhulu, njengaxa iphimbo lomxokelelwane loluliwe ngaphezulu kwe-3% yobude bokuqala, okanye xa iipleyiti zemixokelelwane, iiphini kunye nezinye iindawo zemixokelelwane zibonakala zigugile, zikhubazekile okanye zonakele, imixokelelwane kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa imixokelelwane egugileyo kakhulu akuyi kuchaphazela kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka kwezixhobo zokulungisa ukutya, kodwa kunokubangela ukuba imixokelelwane iqhekeke kwaye ibangele iingozi zokhuseleko.
Abasebenzi abangochwephesha bokugcina: Ukugcinwa kweetsheyini zentsimbi engagqwaliyo kufuneka kwenziwe ziingcali ezingochwephesha. Baye baqeqeshwa ngobuchule, baqhelene nolwakhiwo, ukusebenza kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa kwetsheyini, banokugweba ngokuchanekileyo imeko yetsheyini, kwaye bathathe amanyathelo okugcina afanelekileyo. Xa abantu abangengochwephesha besenza ulondolozo, banokonakalisa itsheyini okanye izixhobo ngenxa yokusebenza kakubi, okanye bade babangele iingozi zokhuseleko.