Impembelelo yoBushushu bokuTshisa ekusebenzeni kweePlati zeRoller ze-Isothermal: Iikhrayitheriya zoMgangatho oPhambili ekufuneka wonke umthengi azazi
Kwishishini lothumelo lwemizi-mveliso,ikhonkco lerolaUkusebenza kumisela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo kunye nobomi benkonzo. Njengenxalenye ephambili, ethwala umthwalo we-roller chain, umgangatho we-isothermal chain plate ubaluleke kakhulu. Ukusebenza kwe-chain plate kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo nenkqubo yonyango lobushushu, kunye nobushushu bokufudumeza, ipharamitha ephambili, enefuthe eliqinisekileyo kwizalathi eziphambili ezifana nobunzima be-chain, ukuqina, kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.
1. Ubudlelwane obusisiseko phakathi kweePlati zeTyathanga ze-Isothermal kunye neNkqubo yokuTshisa
Iipleyiti ze-isothermal chain zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezenziwe ngenkqubo ye-austempering, enika ukuqina okuthile ngelixa igcina amandla. I-Tempering, inyathelo lokugqibela kunyango lobushushu, ngokuyintloko isusa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi emva kokucima, ilungisa ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwesinyithi, kwaye ekugqibeleni imisela iimpawu zoomatshini ze-chain.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuthambisa, nokuba kuncinci ukuguquguquka kobushushu kunokubangela utshintsho kwisakhiwo sangaphakathi se-metallurgical se-chain plate. Xa ubushushu bokuthambisa buphantsi kakhulu, inani elikhulu lesakhiwo se-martensite esenziwe ngexesha lokucinywa lihlala likho. Ngelixa oku kugcina ubunzima obuphezulu, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi alukhutshelwa ngokupheleleyo, okwandisa ukubuthathaka kwe-chain. Ukuba ubushushu buphezulu kakhulu, i-martensite iyabola kakhulu, inciphisa kakhulu amandla kunye nobunzima be-chain, okwenza ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuthwala umthwalo. Ke ngoko, ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu bokuthambisa bubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokulinganisela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kwe-chain.
2. Impembelelo yoBushushu bokuLinganisa kwiTyathanga: Ukulinganisela Amandla kunye nokuSebenza
Ukuqina sisalathisi esisisiseko somthamo wetsheyini othwala umthwalo kwaye kunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nokukwazi kwetsheyini eqengqelekayo ukumelana nokuguquguquka phantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu. Idatha yovavanyo ibonisa ulwalamano olubi phakathi kobushushu bokuthomalalisa kunye nokuqina kwetsheyini.
Xa ubushushu bokufudumeza buphakathi kwama-200°C nama-300°C, ubunzima betsheyini bunokugcinwa buphakathi kwama-38 nama-42 HRC, uluhlu oluhlangabezana neemfuno zokuthwala umthwalo wezicelo ezininzi zothumelo lwemizi-mveliso. Kulo bushushu, amasuntswana e-carbide ngaphakathi kwetsheyini alungile kwaye asasazwe ngokulinganayo, egcina amandla aphezulu afunyenwe emva kokucima ngelixa esusa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ngokufudumala okuphantsi. Ukuba ubushushu bunyuswa bufikelela kuma-350-450°C, ubunzima buhla bufike kuma-30-35 HRC. Ngelixa amandla ehla, ubunzima buphucuka kakhulu, okwenza ukuba bufaneleke kwizixhobo ezifuna ukuqala rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, xa ubushushu budlula ama-500°C, ubunzima buhla ngaphantsi kwama-25 HRC, kwaye ipleyiti yetsheyini ithambekele ekuguqulweni kweplastiki, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke kuphela kwiimeko zothumelo ezilula ezinemithwalo elula kunye nesantya esiphantsi.
Abathengi kufuneka bakhethe iipleyiti zetyathanga ezinobushushu obufanelekileyo kumlinganiselo womthwalo wezixhobo zabo. Umzekelo, iityathanga zerola zoomatshini bemigodi, ekufuneka zinyamezele impembelelo enkulu, kufuneka zifudunyezwe malunga nama-250°C kwiityathanga ezinobunzima obuphezulu. Iityathanga zokuqhuba zemigca yokucubungula ukutya, kwelinye icala, zinokufudunyezwa kuma-350°C kwiityathanga ezinobunzima obuphakathi, ukulinganisela ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.
3. Ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokudinwa: Impembelelo efihlakeleyo yoBushushu bokuShukuma
Ukuqina kwepleyiti yetsheyini kumisela ukumelana kwayo nempembelelo, ngelixa ukumelana nokudinwa kumisela ubomi betsheyini yeroli. Nangona kunzima ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo, ezi zibonakaliso zimbini zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide kwezixhobo kwaye zombini zichaphazeleka bubunzulu bobushushu bokufudumeza. Ukufudumala kobushushu obuphantsi (ngaphantsi kwama-200°C) kubangela uxinzelelo oluphezulu olushiyekileyo ngaphakathi kwepleyiti yetsheyini, okubangela ukuqina okunganelanga kunye nokuqhekeka phantsi kwempembelelo ephindaphindayo. Njengoko ubushushu bokufudumeza bunyuka busiya kuma-300-400°C, uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo luyaphuma kancinci kancinci, ukuqina kwe-ferrite matrix kuyabuya, kwaye ukumelana nempembelelo kwepleyiti yetsheyini kunokwandiswa ngaphezulu kwama-30%. Kulo bushushu, ipleyiti yetsheyini ayinakwenzeka ukuba iqhekeke phantsi kwemithwalo ephindaphindayo, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke koomatshini abanokuqala nokuma rhoqo, njengezixhobo zokunyathela kunye neekhreyini.
Ukumelana nokudinwa kufikelela kwincopho yayo xa iqiniswa kwi-400-450°C. Olu luhlu lobushushu lukhuthaza ukuna kwe-carbide efanayo, kwenze isakhiwo esizinzileyo se-bainite esiqiniswayo esithintela ngempumelelo ukuqaliswa kokuqhekeka kokudinwa kunye nokwanda. Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba iipleyiti zetyathanga eziqiniswa kwi-420°C zinokwandisa ubomi bazo bokudinwa ngamaxesha ama-2-3 xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso ezifanayo eziqiniswa kwi-200°C.
Kwizixhobo ezisebenza ixesha elide, ezinje ngee-conveyors kunye noomatshini bokwenza amaphepha, ukukhetha iipleyiti zetsheyini eziqiniswe malunga ne-400°C kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukugcinwa kwazo. Kwiimeko apho imithwalo yempembelelo iphantsi, ukunyusa ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu bokuqiniswa ukuze kufezekiswe ubomi obude bokudinwa kunokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza zizonke.
4. Ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nokumelana nokugqwala: Ixabiso elongezelelweyo lobushushu obufudumeleyo
Ukongeza kwiipropati zoomatshini, ukuguguleka kwetsheyini kunye nokumelana nokugqwala nazo zichaphazeleka bubushushu obuphantsi, obubaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko zokusebenza ezinzima.
Kwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi elingama-300-400°C, ifilimu ye-oxide eyenziwe kumphezulu wetsheyini inesakhiwo esixineneyo, enika ukhuseleko oluthile ekugugulekeni kokungcoliseka kwioyile yokuthambisa. Ngaphezu koko, iitsheyini eziphathwe kolu luhlu lobushushu zinobunzima obuphakathi bomphezulu, zinciphisa ukuguguleka kwiirola kunye neephini, kwaye zinciphisa ukungcola kwesinyithi ngexesha lokudluliselwa.
Kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye ezirhabaxa, iitsheyini eziqiniswe ngaphezu kwama-450°C zisebenza ngcono. Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anciphisa umxholo wekhabhoni yetsheyini, anciphisa amathuba okugqwala phakathi kweegranular, ngelixa ekwakhuthaza ukwenziwa kwefilimu engasebenziyo kwaye aphucula ukumelana nokugqwala. Umzekelo, kwizixhobo zokucubungula emanzini, itsheyini eqiniswe kuma-500°C inobomi bokugqwala obuphindwe kayi-1.5 kunobo betsheyini eqiniswe kuma-300°C.
Abathengi kufuneka baqwalasele imeko-bume yokusebenza ngokupheleleyo xa bekhetha ityathanga. Kwiindawo zokwemba ezinothuli, ityathanga elingagugiyo kakhulu eliqiniswa kwi-350°C liyakhethwa. Kwimishini yezolimo efumileyo, ityathanga elingagugiyo eliqiniswa kwi-450°C nangaphezulu kufuneka likhethwe.
5. Isikhokelo seSigqibo sokuthenga: Indlela yokukhetha iTyeya ngokusekwe kubushushu bokuTshisa
Ngokusekelwe kwimpembelelo yobushushu bokufudumeza ukusebenza kwetyathanga, abathengi banokwenza ukhetho oluchanekileyo ngokulandela la manyathelo angezantsi:
Okokuqala, misela iimfuno eziphambili zesixhobo. Ukuba amandla okuthwala umthwalo yeyona nto iphambili, njengakwimishini yesinyithi, khetha itsheyini eqiniswe kwi-250-300°C. Ukuba ukumelana nokudinwa yeyona nto iphambili, njengakwimishini yelaphu, beka phambili iimveliso eziqiniswe kwi-400-450°C.
Okwesibini, jonga imeko yokusebenza. Kwiimeko zokusebenza ezomileyo nezicocekileyo, gxila kubulukhuni. Kwiimeko ezifumileyo nezinothuli, qwalasela zombini ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, kwaye unyuse ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu bokuthomalalisa.
Okokugqibela, qinisekisa amandla okulawula inkqubo yomthengisi. Ababoneleli abakumgangatho ophezulu baya kubonelela ngeeparameters ezineenkcukacha zobushushu bokufudumeza kunye neengxelo zovavanyo lokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okulinganayo kuyo yonke ibhetshi yeepleyiti zetyathanga. Kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe umenzi onokulawula rhoqo ubushushu bokufudumeza ngaphakathi kokunyamezelana kwe-±10°C ukuze kuthintelwe imingcipheko yomgangatho ebangelwa kukuguquguquka kwenkqubo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-22-2025