Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokucima imixokelelwane ejikelezayo echanekileyo: izinto eziphambili kunye neendlela ezilungileyo zokusebenza
Kwinkqubo yokuvelisaimixokelelwane yerola echanekileyo, inkqubo yokucima idlala indima ebalulekileyo, kwaye ukukhethwa kwendlela yokucima ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kokugqibela kunye nomgangatho we-roller chain. Eli nqaku liza kuhlola nzulu amanqaku aphambili okukhetha indlela yokucima i-roller chain echanekileyo, iimpawu zeendaba eziqhelekileyo kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo, ngenjongo yokunceda abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abathengisa ngobuninzi bayiqonde ngcono le khonkco iphambili ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi oluthe kratya ngexesha lenkqubo yokuthenga.
1. Ukubaluleka kwendlela yokucima umlilo ekwenziweni kweetsheyini ezijikelezayo ezichanekileyo
Ukucima yinkqubo yonyango lobushushu ephucula ubulukhuni kunye namandla ezinto ngokupholisa ngokukhawuleza. Kwimixokelelwane yerola echanekileyo, ukucima kunokwenza umaleko oqinileyo kumphezulu wayo, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula izalathisi zokusebenza eziphambili ezifana nokumelana nokuguguleka, ukumelana nokudinwa kunye nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo. Njengenye yezinto eziphambili kwinkqubo yokucima, izinga lokupholisa kunye neempawu zokupholisa zesixhobo sokucima ziya kuchaphazela kakhulu ulwakhiwo lombutho kunye nokusebenza kwerola.
2. Izixhobo zokucima eziqhelekileyo kunye neempawu zazo
Amanzi:
Izinga lokuphola: Amanzi aphola ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi kubushushu obuphantsi. Oku kwenza ukuba akwazi ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza i-roller chain ngexesha elifutshane, ngaloo ndlela afumane ubunzima obuphezulu.
Iingenelo: Imithombo ebanzi, ixabiso eliphantsi, kwaye inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokucima iiroller chain ngeemfuno ezichanekileyo ngokubanzi.
Iingxaki: Izinga lokuphola kwamanzi kunzima ukulilawula ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye izinga lokuphola likhawuleza kakhulu kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu, nto leyo enokubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu lwangaphakathi kunye nokucima imingxunya kwikhonkco le-roller, nto leyo echaphazela ukuqina kwalo kunye nokuzinza kobukhulu balo. Ke ngoko, kwezinye iikhonkco ze-roller ezineemfuno ezichanekileyo nezinkulu, kunokubakho iingozi ezithile ekusebenziseni amanzi njengendlela yokucima.
Ioyile:
Izinga lokuphola: Izinga lokuphola kweoyile licotha kunelamanzi, kwaye izinga lokuphola liyafana kakhulu kumanqanaba obushushu abanzi. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lobushushu kunye noxinzelelo lwesakhiwo se-roller chain ngexesha lenkqubo yokucima kwaye kuncitshiswe ukuqhekeka.
Iingenelo: Ukulingana kobunzima bokucima kwetyathanga le-roller kulungile, kwaye kunokuphucula ngempumelelo ukuqina kwayo kunye nokuchaneka kwayo kobukhulu. Ukongeza, ukusebenza kokupholisa kweoyile kunokulungiswa ngokongeza izongezo ezahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokucima kwetyathanga le-roller lezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkcukacha.
Iingxaki: Ixabiso leoyile liphezulu, kwaye kulula ukuvelisa umsi weoyile ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, nto leyo enefuthe elithile kwindawo yokusebenza nakwimpilo yabaqhubi. Kwangaxeshanye, isantya sokupholisa seoyile sicotha, kwaye kwezinye iiroller chain ezifuna ukupholiswa ngokukhawuleza ukuze zifumane ubunzima obuphezulu, zisenokungahlangabezani neemfuno zazo zokusebenza.
Amanzi anetyuwa:
Isantya sokuphola: Isantya sokuphola samanzi anetyuwa siphakathi kweso samanzi neoyile, kwaye isantya sokuphola singatshintshwa ngokulungelelanisa uxinzelelo lwetyuwa. Ukunyusa ngokufanelekileyo uxinzelelo lwetyuwa kunokukhawulezisa isantya sokuphola, kodwa uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu luya kwandisa umngcipheko wokugqwala kwetsheyini yeroller.
Iingenelo: Inefuthe elihle lokuphola kunye nokukwazi ukuqina okuthile, kwaye ingahlangabezana neemfuno zokucima zezinye iiroller chain ezineemfuno zokuchaneka okuphakathi kunye namandla. Ukongeza, ixabiso lamanzi anetyuwa liphantsi kakhulu, kwaye iimfuno zokucoceka komphezulu weroller chain aziphezulu.
Iingxaki: Amanzi anetyuwa ayabola ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Ukuba akacocwanga ngexesha emva kokucima, anokubangela ukuba i-roller chain igrule, nto leyo echaphazela umgangatho womphezulu wayo kunye nobomi benkonzo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusebenza kokupholisa kwamanzi anetyuwa kuchaphazeleka kakhulu zizinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwetyuwa kunye nobushushu, kwaye iiparameter zenkqubo yokucima kufuneka zilawulwe ngokungqongqo.
Ulwelo lokucima i-polymer:
Isantya sokuphola: Isantya sokuphola solwelo olucima ipolymer singalungiswa ngokutshintsha uxinzelelo lwalo, ubushushu kunye nesantya sokuxukuxa. Kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu, isantya sokuphola sikhawuleza kakhulu, nto leyo enokwenza i-roller chain iphole ngokukhawuleza; kwindawo yobushushu obuphantsi, isantya sokuphola siya kucotha, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe ngempumelelo ukuveliswa koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.
Iingenelo: Isebenza kakuhle ekuqiniseni nasekuqiniseni, nto leyo enokwenza ukuba i-roller chain ifumane usasazo olufanayo lobunzima kunye neempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini. Ukongeza, ulwelo lokucima i-polymer lusebenza kakuhle ekupholiseni, luhlala ixesha elide, kwaye lungcoliseka kancinci kwindalo esingqongileyo. Yindlela efanelekileyo yokucima.
Iingxaki: Ixabiso liphezulu, kwaye iimfuno zezixhobo zokucima kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo zingqongqo kakhulu. Ukuba umsebenzi awufanelekanga, unokukhokelela kwisiphumo sokucima esinganelisiyo okanye ukwehla kokusebenza kolwelo lokucima.
3. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha indlela yokucima umlilo
Izinto zeroller chain:
Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zinemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesantya sokuphola kunye neempawu zokuphola zesixhobo sokucima. Umzekelo, kwezinye iitsheyini zerola ezinomxholo ophezulu we-alloy element, ezifana neetsheyini zerola zentsimbi ye-alloy, ngenxa yokuqina kwazo okuhle, ulwelo lokucima ioyile okanye i-polymer olunesantya sokuphola esicothayo lunokukhethwa ukuze lucime ukuze kufumaneke ulungelelwaniso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle; ngelixa kwezinye iitsheyini zerola zentsimbi yekhabhoni, ngenxa yokuqina kwazo okuphantsi, amanzi okanye amanzi anetyuwa anesantya sokuphola esikhawulezayo anokufuneka njengesixhobo sokucima, kodwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo kufuneka athathwe ukunciphisa iziphene zokucima.
Ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwetsheyini yeroller:
Ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwe-roller chain kuya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izinga layo lokuphola kunye nokusasazwa koxinzelelo ngexesha lokucinywa. Kwii-roller chain ezinobukhulu obuncinci kunye nemo elula, ngenxa yendawo yazo encinci yomphezulu kunye nomlinganiselo womthamo, izinga lokuphola likhawuleza, kwaye i-quenching medium enesantya sokuphola esicothayo kancinci, njengolwelo lokucinywa kweoyile okanye i-polymer, ingakhethwa; ngelixa kwii-roller chain ezinobukhulu obukhulu kunye nemo enzima, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngaphakathi nangaphandle zinokucinywa ngokupheleleyo, i-quenching medium enesantya sokuphola esikhawulezayo kunye nokuqina okungcono, njengolwelo lokucinywa kwe-polymer olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu, luhlala lufuneka. Kwangaxeshanye, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela indawo yokubekwa kunye nokubotshwa kwe-roller chain ngexesha lenkqubo yokucinywa ukuqinisekisa ukufana kwayo nokuphola.
Iimfuno zokusebenza kwee-roller chains:
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokusetyenziswa kunye neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwee-roller chain, kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo ezigxininiswayo kwizalathisi zazo zokusebenza. Ukuba i-roller chain isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu kunye nokungqubana kunye nokuguga, njengakwimimandla yezixhobo zokuphakamisa, oomatshini bobunjineli, njl.njl., ifuna ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Ngeli xesha, ungakhetha i-quenching medium enesantya sokupholisa esikhawulezayo kunye nokusebenza okungcono kokuqina, njengolwelo lokucima amanzi okanye i-polymer, kwaye uyidibanise nenkqubo efanelekileyo yokufudumala ukuze ufezekise ibhalansi yokusebenza efunekayo; ukuba i-roller chain isetyenziswa kakhulu kwezinye iimeko ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokuchaneka kobukhulu kunye nokuzinza, njengokudluliselwa kwezixhobo ezichanekileyo, ukulungiswa kokutya kunye nezinye izixhobo, isiphumo se-quenching medium kutshintsho lobukhulu be-roller chain kufuneka sinikezwe kuqala, kwaye kufuneka kukhethwe i-quenching medium enesantya sokupholisa esifanayo kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci kokucima, njengolwelo lokucima i-polymer oluneoyile okanye oluphantsi koxinzelelo.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye neendleko:
Kwimveliso yokwenyani, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye neendleko nazo zezinye zezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo xa kukhethwa indlela yokucima. Ixabiso le-caching media ezifana namanzi kunye namanzi anetyuwa liphantsi kakhulu, kodwa ukuba i-roller chain quenching quenching iyaqhekeka kwaye isantya sokukrazula siyanda ngenxa yesantya esiphezulu sokupholisa, oko kuya kunyusa iindleko zemveliso; ngelixa ulwelo lwe-oyile kunye ne-polymer quenching lubiza kakhulu, kodwa lunokuphucula umgangatho wokucima kunye nezinga lokudlula okokuqala kwe-roller chain, nto leyo enokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso iyonke ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ukongeza, i-quenching media ezahlukeneyo nazo ziyahluka kutyalo-mali lwezixhobo, ukugcinwa, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, njl.njl., ekufuneka zilinganiswe ngokwesikali esithile semveliso kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho zeshishini.
4. Uhlalutyo lwetyala lokulungelelanisa indlela yokucima i-medium ukuze kubekho imixokelelwane ejikelezayo echanekileyo yezinto ezahlukeneyo
Itsheyini yeroli yentsimbi yekhabhoni: Ukuthatha itsheyini yeroli yentsimbi eqhelekileyo engama-45# njengomzekelo, ubushushu bayo bokucima buphakathi kwama-840℃ -860℃. Ukuba amanzi asetyenziswa njengendawo yokucima, nangona ubunzima obuphezulu bunokufumaneka, ngenxa yesantya sokupholisa amanzi ngokukhawuleza, kulula ukuba itsheyini yeroli ivelise uxinzelelo olukhulu lwangaphakathi kunye nokuqhekeka kokucima, ngakumbi kwiitsheyini zeroli ezinobukhulu obukhulu okanye iimilo ezintsonkothileyo, lo mngcipheko ucacile ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, kwitsheyini yeroli yentsimbi engama-45#, ukucima ioyile okanye ukucima okunemigangatho kudla ngokusetyenziswa, oko kukuthi, itsheyini yeroli iqala ifudunyezwe kubushushu bokucima kwisithando sokuhlambela setyuwa, ize ibekwe ngokukhawuleza kwioyile ukuze iphole, okanye ipholiswe kuqala kwioyile eshushu ixesha elithile, ize idluliselwe kwioyile ebandayo ukuze iphole ngakumbi. Oku kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lokucima kwaye kunciphise ukuveliswa kweentanda. Kwangaxeshanye, kunokuqinisekisa ukuba itsheyini yeroli ifumana ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nokuqina okuhle. Ubunzima emva kokucima ngokubanzi bunokufikelela kwi-HRC30-35. Emva kokupholisa, ubulukhuni bunokuncipha ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ubulukhuni bunokuphuculwa ngakumbi ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo.
Itsheyini yeroli yentsimbi ye-alloy: Kwitsheyini yeroli yentsimbi ye-alloy ye-40Cr, ukuqina kwayo kulungile, kwaye ngokubanzi iyacinywa ngokupholisa ioyile okanye ukupholisa umoya. Emva kokugcina ishushu kubushushu bokucima ixesha elithile, itsheyini yeroli ifakwa kwioyile ukuze iphole. Izinga lokuphola kweoyile liphakathi, nto leyo enokwenza izakhiwo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zetsheyini yeroli ziguqulwe ngokulinganayo kwaye zithole iipropati ezilungileyo zoomatshini. Ukuqina kokucima kunokufikelela kwi-HRC30-37, kwaye ubunzima emva kokufudumala bunokulungiswa ngokweemfuno ezithile zokusetyenziswa. Ukongeza, kwezinye iitsheyini zeroli yentsimbi ye-alloy enamandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina okuphezulu, inkqubo yokucima kabini yamanzi-oyile ingasetyenziswa, oko kukuthi, itsheyini yeroli ipholiswa kuqala emanzini ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, ize idluliselwe kwioyile ukuze iphole ngakumbi. Oku kunokunika ukudlala okupheleleyo kwiimpawu zokupholisa zamanzi kunye neoyile, ezingagcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ubunzima bokucima kwetsheyini yeroli, kodwa zikwanciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lokucima kunye nokuthambekela kokuqhekeka.
Itsheyini yeroli yentsimbi engagqwali: Itsheyini yeroli yentsimbi engagqwali inokumelana okuhle nokugqwala kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation yobushushu obuphezulu, kodwa inkqubo yayo yokucima iyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuthatha itsheyini yeroli yentsimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic njengomzekelo, ekubeni ithambekele ekugqwaleni phakathi kwamaqondo obushushu aphezulu, unyango lwesisombululo esiqinileyo ludla ngokusetyenziswa endaweni yenkqubo yokucima yendabuko. Oko kukuthi, itsheyini yeroli ifudunyezwa ukuya kwi-1050℃-1150℃ ukuze kulungiswe isisombululo esiqinileyo, ukuze i-carbide ichitheke ngokupheleleyo kwi-matrix ye-austenite, ize ipholiswe ngokukhawuleza ukuze kufunyanwe isakhiwo se-austenite sesigaba esinye ukuphucula ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kunye nokuqina. I-medium yokupholisa ngokubanzi isebenzisa ulwelo lokucima amanzi okanye i-polymer ukuqinisekisa ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuthintela ukuna kwe-carbide. Kwiitsheyini zeroli yentsimbi engagqwali ye-martensitic, kufuneka unyango lokucima kunye nokupholisa. I-medium yokucima idla ngokukhetha ulwelo lokucima ioyile okanye i-polymer ukuze ifumane ubunzima kunye namandla aphezulu ngelixa ihlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokumelana nokugqwala.
5. Amanyathelo okhuseleko okusetyenziswa nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zokucima umlilo
Ulawulo lobushushu: Ubushushu besixhobo sokucima umlilo bunempembelelo enkulu kwizinga lokupholisa kunye nefuthe lokucima umlilo. Ngokubanzi, ubushushu bamanzi bufanele bulawulwe phakathi kwama-20℃-30℃. Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu buya kunciphisa izinga lokupholisa umlilo kwaye buchaphazele ubulukhuni bokucima umlilo; ubushushu beoyile kufuneka bulungiswe ngokwempawu ezithile kunye neemfuno zenkqubo, ngokuqhelekileyo kuluhlu lwama-20℃-60℃. Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu buya kubangela ukuba i-viscosity yeoyile yehle, izinga lokupholisa linciphe, kwaye bunokubangela ukuba ioyile itsha ngokuzenzekelayo. Ubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu buya kwandisa i-viscosity yeoyile, budodobalise ukugeleza kwayo, kwaye buchaphazele ukufana kokucima umlilo. Ubushushu bolwelo lokucima umlilo lwepolymer kufuneka bulawulwe kuluhlu olufanelekileyo, ngokubanzi lungadluli kuma-50℃, kungenjalo buya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwayo kokupholisa kunye nobomi benkonzo.
Ukubeka iliso kunye nokulungiswa koxinzelelo: Kwimidiya yokucima enezinga elihlengahlengiswayo njenge-polymer quenching liquid, kuyimfuneko ukujonga rhoqo utshintsho lwayo loxinzelelo kwaye ululungise ngokweemeko zokwenyani. Ukwanda koxinzelelo kuya kwandisa ubude betsheyini kunye ne-viscosity yeemolekyuli zepolymer, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa izinga lokupholisa. Ke ngoko, ekusetyenzisweni kokwenyani, uxinzelelo lwe-quenching medium kufuneka lugcinwe luzinzile ngokongeza ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bamanzi okanye i-concentrate ngokwempembelelo yokucima kunye neemfuno zenkqubo yetsheyini ye-roller. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kuthathwe unonophelo ukuze kuthintelwe ukungcola ekuxubeni kwi-quenching medium ukuze kuthintelwe ukuchaphazela ukusebenza kwayo kunye nomgangatho wayo.
Ukuxuba nokujikeleza: Ukuze ityathanga leroli likwazi ukupholisa ngokulinganayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokucima nokuthintela ukugqwetheka kokucima kunye nokuqhekeka okubangelwa kukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, i-crying medium kufuneka ixutywe kwaye ijikeleziswe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukufaka isixhobo sokuxuba kwi-crying tank okanye ukusebenzisa i-compressed air stirings kunokwenza ubushushu kunye nokusasazwa komxube we-crying medium kufane ngakumbi kwaye kuphucule umgangatho wokucima. Nangona kunjalo, isantya sokuxuba akufuneki sikhawuleze kakhulu ukuze kuthintelwe amaqamza amaninzi kunye nomsi weoyile, oya kuchaphazela isiphumo sokucima kunye nendawo yokusebenza.
Ukutshintshwa rhoqo kunye nokucoca: Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, isixhobo sokucima umlilo siya konakala ngenxa ye-oxidation yobushushu obuphezulu, ukuxubana kokungcola, ukubola kunye nokuwohloka, ngoko ke kufuneka sitshintshwe rhoqo. Kwangaxeshanye, inkunkuma, udaka kunye nokungcola okukwitanki yokucima umlilo kufuneka kucocwe ngexesha ukuze kugcinwe isixhobo sokucima umlilo sicocekile kwaye sisebenze kakuhle ekupholiseni. Isixhobo sokucima umlilo esitshintshiweyo kufuneka siphathwe ngokuhambelana nemigaqo efanelekileyo ukuthintela ungcoliseko kwindalo esingqongileyo.
6. Iindlela zoPhuhliso lweShishini kunye namathemba
Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwesayensi yezinto kunye netekhnoloji yonyango lobushushu, uphando kunye nophuhliso lwe-activation chain quenching media ezichanekileyo nazo ziyanda. Kwelinye icala, uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-quenting media ezintsha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ziya kuba yindlela yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo. Ezi quenting media zineempawu zongcoliseko oluphantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, okunokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ezingqongqo ngakumbi kunye neemfuno zophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwamashishini. Umzekelo, ezinye i-quenting media ezisekelwe emanzini, i-quenting media ezisekelwe kwi-oyile yemifuno, njl. ziyakhuthazwa kwaye zisetyenziswa kancinci kancinci, kwaye zibonise iingenelo ezilungileyo ekusebenzeni kokupholisa, ukusebenza kokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokubola kwezinto eziphilayo.
Kwelinye icala, ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokucima ezikrelekrele kunye nezixhobo kuya kuzisa amathuba amatsha okuvelisa imixokelelwane yerola echanekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji ye-sensor ephucukileyo, iteknoloji yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neteknoloji yokulinganisa ikhompyutha, ukujonga ngexesha langempela kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lweeparameter ezifana nobushushu, izinga lokupholisa kunye nesantya sokuhamba esiphakathi ngexesha lokucima kunokufezekiswa, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ngakumbi umgangatho wokucima kunye nokuzinza kokusebenza kwemixokelelwane yerola. Kwangaxeshanye, ngoncedo lohlalutyo lwedatha enkulu kunye nee-algorithms zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, iiparameter zenkqubo yokucima nazo zinokwenziwa ngcono kwaye ziqikelelwe, zibonelela ngesiseko sesayensi sezigqibo zemveliso zenkampani, ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
Ngamafutshane, ukukhetha isixhobo sokucima esifanelekileyo kubalulekile ekwenziweni kweentambo ezijikelezayo ezichanekileyo. Kwimveliso yokwenyani, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ngokupheleleyo izinto, ubungakanani, imilo, iimfuno zokusebenza, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye neendleko zentambo ezijikelezayo, ukhethe isixhobo sokucima esifanelekileyo, kwaye ulawule ngokungqongqo iiparameter zenkqubo yokucima. Kwangaxeshanye, yomeleza ulawulo lokusetyenziswa nokugcinwa kwesixhobo sokucima ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwentambo ezijikelezayo zikwimeko entle. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lweshishini kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba inkqubo yokucima intambo ezijikelezayo ezichanekileyo kwixesha elizayo iya kuba mdala ngakumbi, isebenze kakuhle kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, inike inkxaso enamandla kuphuhliso lwentsimi yokuhambisa imveliso yehlabathi.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-30-2025
