Iziphene ze-Roller Chain Weld

Iziphene ze-Roller Chain Weld

Kwiinkqubo zothumelo lwemizi-mveliso,imixokelelwane yeroller, ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye nomthamo wazo oqinileyo wokuthwala umthwalo, ziye zaba zizinto eziphambili kwimigodi, kwimveliso, kwezolimo, nakwezinye iindawo. Ii-Welds, njengonxibelelwano olubalulekileyo phakathi kweekhonkco zeeroller chain, zimisela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi benkonzo yeroller chain kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza. Kubathengi bamanye amazwe, iziphene ze-roller chain weld azinakubangela kuphela ixesha lokungasebenzi kwezixhobo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemveliso, kodwa zinokukhokelela kwiingozi zokhuseleko kunye neendleko zokulungisa eziphezulu. Eli nqaku liza kubonelela ngohlalutyo olunzulu lweentlobo, izizathu, iindlela zokufumanisa, kunye namaqhinga okuthintela iziphene ze-roller chain weld, zibonelela ngereferensi yobungcali yokuthengwa kunye nokuveliswa korhwebo lwangaphandle.

I. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo kunye neengozi zeziphene ze-Roller Chain Weld

Uqhagamshelo lwe-roller chain weld kufuneka lumelane nemingeni emininzi yemithwalo eguquguqukayo, ukungqubana, kunye nokugqwala kokusingqongileyo. Iziphene eziqhelekileyo, ezihlala zifihliwe phantsi kwembonakalo ebonakala ngathi ayiguquki, zinokuba sisizathu sokungaphumeleli kwe-chain.

(I) Iintanda: Isiqalo Sokwaphuka Kweetyathanga
Iimfantu zezinye zeziphene eziyingozi kakhulu kwii-roller chain welds kwaye zingahlulwahlulwa njengeemfantu ezishushu okanye iimfantu ezibandayo ngokusekelwe kwixesha ezikhula ngalo. Iimfantu ezishushu zihlala zenzeka ngexesha lenkqubo yokudibanisa, ezibangelwa kukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kwesinyithi se-weld kunye namanqanaba aphezulu okungcola (njenge-sulfur kunye ne-phosphorus), okukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okubuthathaka kwimida yeenkozo. Iimfantu ezibandayo zenzeka kwiiyure ukuya kwiintsuku emva kokudibanisa, ngokuyintloko ngenxa yeziphumo ezidibeneyo zoxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwe-weld kunye nesakhiwo esiqinileyo sesinyithi esisisiseko. Ezi ziphene zinokunciphisa kakhulu amandla e-weld. Kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa ezikhawulezayo, iimfantu zinokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza, ekugqibeleni zibangele ukuba ityathanga liqhekeke, okubangela ukuxinana kwezixhobo kunye nokulimala.

(II) Ukubola: Indawo Eshushu Yokugqwala Nokudinwa

Ukuqhekeka kwe-welds kubangelwa ziigesi (ezifana ne-hydrogen, i-nitrogen, kunye ne-carbon monoxide) ezifakwe ngexesha lokudityaniswa kwe-welding ezingaphumi ngexesha. Ukuqhekeka kwe-welds kudla ngokubonakala njengemingxunya ejikelezayo okanye e-oval kumphezulu okanye ngaphakathi kwe-weld. Ukuqhekeka kwe-weld akunciphisi nje kuphela ukuxinana kwe-weld kwaye kunokukhokelela ekuvuzeni kwe-lubricant, kodwa kukwaphazamisa ukuqhubeka kwesinyithi kwaye kwandisa amanqaku oxinzelelo. Kwiindawo zoshishino ezinomswakama nothuli, ii-pores ziba yimijelo yokungena kwe-media erhabaxa, okukhawulezisa ukuqhekeka kwe-weld. Ngaphezu koko, phantsi kwemithwalo ejikelezayo, ukudinwa kwakheka ngokulula emaphethelweni e-pores, kunciphisa kakhulu ubomi benkonzo ye-roller chain.

(III) Ukunqongophala kokungena/ukungabikho kokudibana: “Indawo ebuthathaka” yokungabikho kwamandla aneleyo
Ukungabikho kokungena kubhekisa ekudibaneni okungaphelelanga kwingcambu ye-weld, ngelixa ukungabikho kokudibana kubhekisa ekuswelekeni kokubopha okusebenzayo phakathi kwesinyithi se-weld kunye nesinyithi esisisiseko okanye phakathi kweengqimba ze-weld. Zombini ezi ntlobo zeziphene zivela kumbane wokuwelda onganeleyo, isantya sokuwelda esigqithisileyo, okanye ukulungiswa komjelo ongaphantsi komgangatho, okubangela ubushushu bokuwelda obungonelanga kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwesinyithi okunganelanga. Iiroller chains ezinezi ziphene zinamandla omthwalo we-weld angama-30%-60% kuphela kwezo zeemveliso ezifanelekileyo. Phantsi kwemithwalo enzima, ukuhlukana kwe-weld kunokwenzeka kakhulu, okukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwetyathanga kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi komgca wemveliso.

(IV) Ukubandakanywa kweSlag: "Umbulali ongabonakaliyo" woKuwohloka koMsebenzi
Izinto ezifakwe kwi-slag ziizinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi ezenziwe ngaphakathi kwi-weld ngexesha lokuwelda, apho i-slag enyibilikisiweyo ingaphumeleli ukunyuka ngokupheleleyo kumphezulu we-weld. Izinto ezifakwe kwi-slag ziphazamisa ukuqhubeka kwe-metallurgical ye-weld, zinciphisa ukuqina kwayo kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, kwaye zisebenza njengomthombo woxinzelelo. Ngexesha lokusebenza ixesha elide, ii-microcracks zinokwenzeka ukuba zakheke zijikeleze izinto ezifakwe kwi-slag, zikhawulezise ukuguguleka kwe-weld, zikhokelele ekwandiseni i-chain pitch, zichaphazele ukuchaneka kokudluliselwa, kwaye zibangele nokuba i-meshing engalunganga nge-sprocket.

II. Ukulandelela Ingcambu: Ukuhlalutya Izizathu Eziphambili Zeziphene Ze-Roller Chain Weld

Iziphene ze-roller chain weld azibangelwa yingozi kodwa zibangelwa zizinto ezininzi, kuquka ukukhethwa kwezinto, ulawulo lwenkqubo, kunye nemeko yezixhobo. Ingakumbi kwimveliso yobuninzi, nokuba ukuphambuka okuncinci kweeparameter kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zomgangatho ezibanzi.

(I) Izinto Eziphathekayo: “Umgca Wokuqala Wokhuselo” Wolawulo Lwemithombo

Umgangatho weZixhobo eziSeko eziNgaphantsi koMgangatho: Ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko, abanye abavelisi bakhetha intsimbi enomxholo ophezulu kakhulu wekhabhoni okanye ukungcola njengezinto ezisisiseko ze-roller chain. Olu hlobo lwentsimbi alukwazi ukuwelda kakuhle, lunokuqhekeka kwaye luqhekeke ngexesha lokuwelda, kwaye alunawo amandla aneleyo okubopha phakathi kwe-weld kunye nezinto ezisisiseko. Ukuhambelana okungekho kakuhle kwezinto zokuwelda: Ingxaki eqhelekileyo kukungafani phakathi kokwakheka kwentonga yokuwelda okanye ucingo kunye nezinto ezisisiseko. Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa ucingo oluqhelekileyo lwentsimbi olunekhabhoni ephantsi xa kudityaniswa itshaneli yentsimbi ye-alloy enamandla aphezulu kunokubangela ukuba i-weld ibe namandla aphantsi kunezinto ezisisiseko, nto leyo edala "i-bond ebuthathaka." Ukufuma kwizinto zokuwelda (umz., ukufuma okufunxwa yi-welding rod) kunokukhupha i-hydrogen ngexesha lokuwelda, okubangela ukuqhekeka kunye nokuqhekeka okubandayo.

(II) Izinto zeNkqubo: “Iinguqu ezibalulekileyo” zeNkqubo yeMveliso

Iiparamitha zokuWelda ezingalawulwayo: Umbane wokuwelda, i-voltage, kunye nesantya zezona parameter ziphambili ezimisela umgangatho wokuwelda. Umbane omncinci kakhulu ubangela ubushushu obaneleyo, nto leyo enokubangela ukungena okungaphelelanga kunye nokungabikho kokudibana. Umbane omninzi kakhulu utshisa kakhulu izinto ezisisiseko, nto leyo ebangela iinkozo ezirhabaxa kunye nokuqhekeka kobushushu. Isantya esiphezulu sokuwelda sinciphisa ixesha lokupholisa kwechibi lokuwelda, sithintela iigesi kunye ne-slag ukuba zingaphumi, nto leyo ebangela ukuvuleka kunye nokufakwa kwe-slag. Ukungena nokucocwa okungafanelekanga: I-angle encinci kakhulu yomngxuma kunye nezikhewu ezingalinganiyo kunokunciphisa ukungena kwe-weld, nto leyo ebangela ukungena okungaphelelanga. Ukungaphumeleli ukucoca ngokupheleleyo umphezulu womngxuma kwioyile, umhlwa, kunye nesikali kunokuvelisa igesi kunye nokungcola ngexesha lokuwelda, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufakweni kwe-slag kunye nokufakwa kwe-slag.
Ulandelelwano olungafanelekanga lwe-welding: Kwimveliso yobuninzi, ukungaphumeleli ukulandela imigaqo yolandelelwano lwe-welding ye-"symmetrical welding" kunye ne-"stepped-back welding" kunokukhokelela kuxinzelelo oluphezulu olushiyekileyo kwi-weld chain, enokubangela ukuqhekeka nokubanda kunye nokuguquguquka.

(III) Izixhobo kunye nezinto ezisiNgqongileyo: "Iimpembelelo ezifihlakeleyo" ezingajongwa lula

Ukuchaneka kwezixhobo zokuwelda okunganelanga: Oomatshini bokuwelda abadala banokuvelisa amandla ombane angaguqukiyo kunye ne-voltage, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwakhekeni kwe-weld okungaguqukiyo kwaye kwandise amathuba okuba kubekho iziphene. Ukungaphumeleli kwendlela yokulungisa i-angle ye-welding gun kunokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kwendawo yokuwelda, okubangela ukuba i-fusion ingaphelelanga.

Ukuphazamiseka kwendalo: Ukuwelda kwindawo efumileyo (umswakama ongaphezulu kwama-80%), enomoya, okanye enothuli kunokubangela ukuba umswakama emoyeni ungene edamini lokuwelda, nto leyo edala iimbobo zehydrogen. Umoya ungasasaza i-arc, nto leyo ekhokelela ekulahlekelweni bubushushu. Uthuli lungangena kwi-weld, lwenze i-slag inclusions.

III. Uhlolo oluchanekileyo: Iindlela zoBugcisa bokuFumanisa iziphene zeRoller Chain Weld

Kubathengi, ukufunyanwa ngokuchanekileyo kweziphene ze-weld kubalulekile ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokuthengwa; kubavelisi, uvavanyo olusebenzayo yindlela ephambili yokuqinisekisa umgangatho wefektri. Oku kulandelayo luhlalutyo lweemeko zokusetyenziswa kunye neenzuzo zeendlela ezimbini zokuhlola eziphambili.

(I) Uvavanyo Olungonakalisiyo (NDT): "Ukuxilongwa Okuchanekileyo" ngaphandle Kokutshabalalisa Imveliso

I-NDT ibona iziphene zangaphakathi nezomphezulu kwii-welds ngaphandle kokonakalisa isakhiwo se-roller chain, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yindlela ekhethwayo yokuhlolwa komgangatho worhwebo lwangaphandle kunye nokuthathwa kwesampulu yemveliso yebhetshi.

Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic (UT): Ifanelekile ekufumaneni iziphene ze-weld zangaphakathi ezifana nokuqhekeka, ukungena okungaphelelanga, kunye nokufakwa kwe-slag. Ubunzulu bayo bokubhaqwa bunokufikelela kwiimilimitha ezininzi ukuya kwishumi leemilimitha, ngesisombululo esiphezulu, okuvumela indawo echanekileyo kunye nobukhulu beziphene. Ifanelekile ngokukodwa ekuhloleni ii-welds kwi-roller chain ezisebenza nzima, ifumane ngempumelelo iziphene zangaphakathi ezifihlakeleyo. Uvavanyo lwe-Penetrant (PT): Uvavanyo lwe-Penetrant lwenziwa ngokufaka i-penetrant kumphezulu we-weld, kusetyenziswa i-capillary effect ukutyhila iziphene zokuvula umphezulu (ezifana nokuqhekeka kunye nee-pores). Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ixabisa kancinci, okwenza ifaneleke ekuhloleni ii-roller chain welds ezinomphezulu ophezulu.
Uvavanyo lweRadiographic (RT): Ii-X-rays okanye ii-gamma rays zisetyenziselwa ukungena kwi-weld, zityhila iziphene zangaphakathi ngemifanekiso yefilimu. Le ndlela inokubonisa ngokubonakalayo imo kunye nokusasazwa kweziphene kwaye idla ngokusetyenziselwa uhlolo olupheleleyo lweebhetshi ezibalulekileyo zeeroller chain. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ibiza kakhulu kwaye ifuna ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo lwemitha.

(II) Uvavanyo Olutshabalalisayo: "Uvavanyo Oluphezulu" Lokuqinisekisa Ukusebenza Okugqibeleleyo

Uvavanyo olutshabalalisayo lubandakanya uvavanyo lwesampulu ngoomatshini. Nangona le ndlela itshabalalisa imveliso, inokutyhila ngokuthe ngqo amandla okuthwala umthwalo we-weld kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo kuvavanyo lohlobo ngexesha lophuhliso lwemveliso entsha kunye nemveliso enkulu.

Uvavanyo lokuThatha: Iisampulu zekhonkco ezinee-welds zoluliwe ukuze kulinganiswe amandla okuThatha kunye nendawo yokuqhekeka kwe-weld, nto leyo eqinisekisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuba i-weld ineziphene zamandla. Uvavanyo lokuThatha: Ngokugoba i-weld ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuze kubonwe ukuba imifantu yomphezulu iyavela na, ukuqina kunye nokuqina kwe-weld kuyavavanywa, kubonwe ngempumelelo imifantu emincinci efihlakeleyo kunye neziphene ezibuthathaka.
Uvavanyo lweMacrometallographic: Emva kokupholisha nokukrola icandelo elinqamlezileyo le-weld, isakhiwo se-microstructure sibonwa phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku kunokuchonga iziphene ezifana nokungena okungaphelelanga, ukufakwa kwe-slag, kunye neenkozo ezirhabaxa, kwaye kuhlalutywe ukuba inkqubo yokudibanisa inengqondo kangakanani.

IV. Amanyathelo okuthintela: Amaqhinga okuthintela nokulungisa iziphene ze-Roller Chain Weld

Ukulawula iziphene ze-roller chain weld, kuyimfuneko ukunamathela kumgaqo othi "ukuthintela kuqala, ukulungisa okwesibini." Kufuneka kusekwe inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho edibanisa izixhobo, iinkqubo, kunye novavanyo kuyo yonke inkqubo, ngelixa inika abathengi iingcebiso ezisebenzayo malunga nokukhetha nokwamkela.

(I) Umenzi: Ukuseka Inkqubo Yokulawula Umgangatho Epheleleyo

Ukukhetha Izinto Ezingqongqo Kumthombo: Khetha intsimbi esemgangathweni ophezulu ehlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe (njenge-ISO 606) njengezinto ezisisiseko, uqinisekise ukuba umxholo wekhabhoni kunye nomxholo wokungcola kungaphakathi koluhlu lokudityaniswa. Izinto zokudityaniswa kufuneka zihambelane nezinto ezisisiseko kwaye zigcinwe ngendlela engenakufuma kwaye ingagqwali, uzomise ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa. Lungiselela iinkqubo zokudityaniswa: Ngokusekelwe kwizixhobo ezisisiseko kunye neenkcukacha zetsheyini, misela iiparameter ezifanelekileyo zokudityaniswa (umbane, i-voltage, kunye nesantya) ngovavanyo lwenkqubo, kwaye wenze amakhadi enkqubo ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokungqongqo. Sebenzisa ii-grooves ezenziwe ngomatshini ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani be-groove kunye nokucoceka komphezulu. Khuthaza iinkqubo zokudityaniswa ngokulinganayo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo.

Qinisa uhlolo lwenkqubo: Ngexesha lokuveliswa kobuninzi, thatha isampuli ye-5%-10% yebhetshi nganye ukuze kuvavanywe ngendlela engonakalisiyo (kungcono ukuba kudityaniswe umxube we-ultrasonic kunye novavanyo olungena ngaphakathi), kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-100% okufunekayo kwiimveliso ezibalulekileyo. Lungisa rhoqo izixhobo zokuwelda ukuqinisekisa imveliso ezinzileyo yeparameter. Misela inkqubo yoqeqesho kunye novavanyo lwabaqhubi bokuwelda ukuphucula imigangatho yokusebenza.

(II) Icala Lomthengi: Iindlela Zokuphepha Umngcipheko Wokukhetha Nokwamkela

Imigangatho ecacileyo yomgangatho: Cacisa kwisivumelwano sokuthenga ukuba ii-roller chain welds kufuneka zihambelane nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe (njenge-ANSI B29.1 okanye i-ISO 606), chaza indlela yokuhlola (umz., uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic lweziphene zangaphakathi, uvavanyo lokugqobhoza iziphene zomphezulu), kwaye ufune ukuba ababoneleli banike iingxelo zokuhlolwa komgangatho. Amanqaku abalulekileyo okwamkelwa kwindawo: Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kufuneka kugxile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ii-welds zigudile, azinazo iindawo ezicacileyo zokudilika kunye nokuvela, kwaye azinazo iziphene ezibonakalayo ezifana nemingxunya kunye neembobo. Iisampulu zinokukhethwa ngokungacwangciswanga kwiimvavanyo ezilula zokugoba ukuze kubonwe ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-weld. Kwiityathanga ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezibalulekileyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba unike iarhente yovavanyo yomntu wesithathu uvavanyo olungonakalisiyo.

Ukukhetha umthengisi othembekileyo: Beka phambili ababoneleli abaqinisekisiweyo kwinkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho ye-ISO 9001. Phanda izixhobo zemveliso eziphambili kunye nobuchule bokuvavanya. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, yenza uphicotho-zincwadi olukwindawo yefektri ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweenkqubo zabo zokuwelda kunye neenkqubo zokulawula umgangatho.

(III) Ukulungiswa Okufanelekileyo Kweziphene: Izicwangciso Zokusabela Kwiingxamiseko Zokunciphisa Ilahleko

Kwiimpazamo ezincinci ezifunyenweyo ngexesha lokuhlolwa, amanyathelo okulungisa ajoliswe kuwo anokusetyenziswa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kufuneka kuhlolwe kwakhona emva kokulungiswa:

Ukuxinana kunye nokuxinana kwe-slag: Kwiziphene zomphezulu ongaphantsi, sebenzisa i-engile grinder ukususa indawo enesiphene ngaphambi kokulungisa i-weld. Iziphene ezinzulu zangaphakathi zifuna indawo kunye nokususwa kwe-ultrasound ngaphambi kokulungisa i-weld. Ukungabikho kokudibanisa okuncinci: Umngxuma kufuneka wandiswe, kwaye kususwe isikali kunye nokungcola ngenxa yokungabikho kwendawo yokudibanisa. Ukulungisa i-welding kufuneka kwenziwe kusetyenziswa iiparamitha ezifanelekileyo ze-welding. Uvavanyo lwe-tensile luyafuneka ukuqinisekisa amandla emva kokulungisa i-welding.
Iintanda: Kunzima ngakumbi ukuzilungisa iintanda. Iintanda ezincinci zomphezulu zingasuswa ngokusila zize zilungiswe ngokuwelda. Ukuba ubunzulu beentanda budlula i-1/3 yobukhulu bentsimbi okanye kukho i-through-crack, kucetyiswa ukuba intsimbi ilahlwe ngoko nangoko ukuze kuthintelwe iingozi zokhuseleko emva kokulungiswa.