Ukucima ubushushu kunye nexesha le-roller chain: uhlalutyo lweeparamitha zenkqubo eziphambili
Kwicandelo lothumelo loomatshini,ikhonkco lerolalicandelo eliphambili, kwaye ukusebenza kwalo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kwezixhobo zoomatshini. Ukucima, njengenkqubo ephambili yonyango lobushushu kwimveliso ye-roller chain, kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni amandla ayo, ubulukhuni, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nobomi bokudinwa. Eli nqaku liza kuhlola nzulu imigaqo yokumisela ubushushu kunye nexesha lokucima i-roller chain, iiparameter zenkqubo yezinto eziqhelekileyo, ulawulo lwenkqubo kunye nophuhliso lwamva nje, lujolise ekuboneleleni ngeengxelo zobugcisa ezineenkcukacha kubavelisi be-roller chain kunye nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abathengisa ngobuninzi, ukubanceda baqonde ngokunzulu impembelelo yenkqubo yokucima ekusebenzeni kwe-roller chain kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi ngakumbi zemveliso kunye nokuthengwa.
1. Iingcamango ezisisiseko zokucima i-roller chain
Ukucima yinkqubo yonyango lobushushu efudumeza i-roller chain ukuya kubushushu obuthile, iyigcine ishushu ixesha elithile, ize ipholise ngokukhawuleza. Injongo yayo kukuphucula iipropati zoomatshini ze-roller chain, njengobunzima namandla, ngokutshintsha isakhiwo se-metallographic sezinto. Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kuguqula i-austenite ibe yi-martensite okanye i-bainite, okunika i-roller chain iipropati ezibalaseleyo ezibanzi.
2. Isiseko sokumisela ubushushu bokucima
Ingongoma ebalulekileyo yezinto ezisetyenziswayo: Iiroller chain zezinto ezahlukeneyo zinamaqondo ahlukeneyo abalulekileyo, njenge-Ac1 kunye ne-Ac3. I-Ac1 lolona bushushu buphezulu kummandla we-pearlite kunye ne-ferrite onezigaba ezimbini, kwaye i-Ac3 lolona bushushu buphantsi boku-austenitization epheleleyo. Ubushushu bokucima budla ngokukhethwa ngaphezulu kwe-Ac3 okanye i-Ac1 ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto zi-austenitized ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, kwiiroller chain ezenziwe ngentsimbi engama-45, i-Ac1 imalunga ne-727℃, i-Ac3 imalunga ne-780℃, kwaye ubushushu bokucima budla ngokukhethwa malunga ne-800℃.
Ukwakheka kwezinto kunye neemfuno zokusebenza: Umxholo wezinto ezixutyiweyo uchaphazela ukuqina kunye nokusebenza kwee-roller chains. Kwii-roller chains ezinomxholo ophezulu we-alloying elements, ezifana nee-alloy steel roller chains, ubushushu bokucima bunokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo ukwandisa ukuqina kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umongo unokufumana ubulukhuni kunye namandla amahle. Kwii-roller chains zentsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephantsi, ubushushu bokucima abunakuba phezulu kakhulu ukuze kuthintelwe i-oxidation enzima kunye ne-decarburization, echaphazela umgangatho womphezulu.
Ulawulo lobungakanani beenkozo ze-Austenite: iinkozo ze-austenite ezincinci zinokufumana isakhiwo esihle se-martensite emva kokucinywa, ukuze ikhonkco le-roller libe namandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina. Ke ngoko, ubushushu bokucinywa kufuneka bukhethwe ngaphakathi koluhlu olunokufumana iinkozo ze-austenite ezincinci. Ngokubanzi, njengoko ubushushu bunyuka, iinkozo ze-austenite zikhula, kodwa ukunyusa ngokufanelekileyo izinga lokuphola okanye ukwamkela amanyathelo enkqubo yokucoca iinkozo kunokuthintela ukukhula kweenkozo ukuya kwinqanaba elithile.
3. Izinto ezigqiba ixesha lokucima
Ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwe-roller chain: ii-roller chain ezinkulu zifuna ixesha elide lokufakelwa ubushushu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu budluliselwa ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kwaye lonke icandelo elinqamlezileyo liqiniswe ngokulinganayo. Umzekelo, kwiipleyiti ze-roller chain ezinobubanzi obukhulu, ixesha lokufakelwa ubushushu linokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo.
Indlela yokulayisha kunye nokubeka isitovu: Ukulayisha isitovu kakhulu okanye ukubeka isitovu esixineneyo kuya kubangela ukufudumeza okungalinganiyo kwekhonkco lerola, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungalinganiyo kwe-austenit. Ke ngoko, xa kumiselwa ixesha lokucima, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela impembelelo yokulayisha isitovu kunye nendlela yokufaka isitovu ekudluliseleni ubushushu, ukwandisa ngokufanelekileyo ixesha lokubamba, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ikhonkco ngalinye lerola linokufezekisa isiphumo esifanelekileyo sokucima.
Ubushushu obufanayo be-furnace kunye nesantya sokufudumeza: Izixhobo zokufudumeza ezinobushushu obufanayo be-furnace zingenza zonke iindawo ze-roller chain zifudumale ngokulinganayo, kwaye ixesha elifunekayo ukufikelela kubushushu obufanayo lifutshane, kwaye ixesha lokubamba lingancitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo. Isantya sokufudumeza siya kuchaphazela nenqanaba le-austenitization. Ukufudumeza ngokukhawuleza kunokunciphisa ixesha lokufikelela kubushushu bokucima, kodwa ixesha lokubamba kufuneka liqinisekise ukuba i-austenite ihambelana ngokupheleleyo.
4. Ubushushu bokucima kunye nexesha lezinto eziqhelekileyo ze-roller chain
Itsheyini yerola yentsimbi yekhabhoni
Intsimbi engama-45: Ubushushu bokucima buqhele ukuba yi-800℃-850℃, kwaye ixesha lokubamba limiselwa ngokobungakanani betsheyini yeroli kunye nomthwalo wesithando somlilo, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga nemizuzu engama-30-60. Umzekelo, kwiitsheyini zeroli zentsimbi ezincinci ezingama-45, ubushushu bokucima bunokukhethwa njenge-820℃, kwaye ixesha lokuvala yi-30min; kwiitsheyini zeroli ezinkulu, ubushushu bokucima bunokwandiswa bube yi-840℃, kwaye ixesha lokuvala yi-60min.
Intsimbi ye-T8: Ubushushu bokucima bumalunga ne-780℃-820℃, kwaye ixesha lokuvala ubushushu ngokubanzi liyi-20min-50min. Itsheyini yerola yentsimbi ye-T8 inobunzima obuphezulu emva kokucima kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwimiba yokudlulisa enemithwalo emikhulu yokuchasana.
Itsheyini yerola yentsimbi ye-alloy
Intsimbi ye-20CrMnTi: Ubushushu bokucima buhlala buyi-860℃-900℃, kwaye ixesha lobushushu yi-40min-70min. Le nto inokuqina okuhle kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiitsheyini ezijikelezayo kwimizi-mveliso yeemoto, iibhayisekile kunye neminye imimandla.
Intsimbi ye-40Cr: Ubushushu bokucima yi-830℃-860℃, kwaye ixesha lokufakelwa kwe-insulation yi-30min-60min. I-40Cr steel roller chain inamandla aphezulu kwaye iqinile, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lokuhambisa izinto kwimizi-mveliso.
Itsheyini yeroli yentsimbi engagqwaliyo: Ukuthatha intsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-304 njengomzekelo, ubushushu bayo bokucima buhlala buyi-1050℃-1150℃, kwaye ixesha lobushushu liyi-30min-60min. Itsheyini yeroli yentsimbi engagqwaliyo inokumelana okuhle nokugqwala kwaye ifanelekile kwiikhemikhali, ukutya kunye neminye imimandla.
5. Ulawulo lwenkqubo yokucima
Ulawulo lwenkqubo yokufudumeza: Sebenzisa izixhobo zokufudumeza eziphambili, ezifana nesithando somoya esilawulwayo, ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo izinga lokufudumeza kunye nomoya okwisithando somlilo ukunciphisa i-oxidation kunye ne-decarburization. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokufudumeza, lawula izinga lokufudumeza ngamanqanaba ukuze uphephe ukuguquka kwe-roller chain okanye uxinzelelo lobushushu olubangelwa kukunyuka kobushushu ngequbuliso.
Ukukhethwa kwesixhobo sokucima kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo yokupholisa: Khetha isixhobo sokucima esifanelekileyo ngokwezinto ezisetyenziswayo kunye nobukhulu betsheyini yeroli, efana namanzi, ioyile, ulwelo lokucima ipolymer, njl. Amanzi anesantya sokupholisa esikhawulezayo kwaye afanelekile kwiitsheyini zeroli zentsimbi yekhabhoni ezincinci; ioyile inesantya sokupholisa esicothayo kwaye ifanelekile kwiitsheyini zeroli zentsimbi ezinkulu okanye ze-alloy. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokupholisa, lawula ubushushu, isantya sokuxubha kunye nezinye iiparameter zesixhobo sokucima ukuqinisekisa ukupholisa okufanayo kwaye uphephe ukucima imingxunya.
Unyango lokuthambisa: Itsheyini yeroli emva kokuyicima kufuneka ithambise ngexesha ukuze kupheliswe uxinzelelo lokuyicima, kuzinziswe isakhiwo kwaye kuphuculwe ukuqina. Ubushushu bokuyicima buhlala buyi-150℃-300℃, kwaye ixesha lokubamba liyi-1h-3h. Ukukhethwa kobushushu bokuyicima kufuneka kumiselwe ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa kunye neemfuno zobunzima betsheyini yeroli. Umzekelo, kwiitsheyini zeroli ezifuna ubunzima obuphezulu, ubushushu bokuyicima bunokwehliswa ngokufanelekileyo.
6. Uphuhliso lwamva nje lwetekhnoloji yokucima
Inkqubo yokucima i-isothermal: Ngokulawula ubushushu be-quenching medium, i-roller chain igcinwa ngokuyi-isothermal kuluhlu lobushushu be-austenite kunye ne-bainite ukuze kufunyanwe isakhiwo se-bainite. Ukucima i-isothermal kunokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kokucima, kuphucule ukuchaneka kobukhulu kunye neepropati zoomatshini ze-roller chain, kwaye kufanelekile ukuvelisa ezinye ii-roller chain ezichanekileyo kakhulu. Umzekelo, iiparameter zenkqubo yokucima i-isothermal ye-C55E steel chain plate zii-quenching temperature 850℃, i-isothermal temperature 310℃, i-isothermal time 25min. Emva kokucima, ubunzima be-chain plate buhlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa, kwaye amandla, ukudinwa kunye nezinye iipropati ze-chain zisondele kwezo ze-50CrV eziphathwe ngenkqubo efanayo.
Inkqubo yokucima i-roller elinganisiweyo: I-roller chain iqala ipholiswe kwi-medium kubushushu obuphezulu, ize ipholiswe kwi-medium kubushushu obuphantsi, ukuze izakhiwo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ze-roller chain ziguqulwe ngokufanayo. Ukucima kancinci kancinci kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo uxinzelelo lokucima, kunciphise iziphene zokucima, kwaye kuphuculwe umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwe-roller chain.
Ubugcisa bokulinganisa kunye nokwenza ngcono ikhompyutha: Sebenzisa isoftware yokulinganisa ikhompyutha, efana neJMatPro, ukulinganisa inkqubo yokucima kwetyathanga le-roller, ukuqikelela utshintsho kulungiselelo kunye nokusebenza, kunye nokuphucula iiparameter zenkqubo yokucima. Ngokusebenzisa ukulinganisa, impembelelo yamaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo okucima kunye namaxesha ekusebenzeni kwetyathanga le-roller inokuqondwa kwangaphambili, inani leemvavanyo lingancitshiswa, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle koyilo lwenkqubo kungaphuculwa.
Ngamafutshane, ubushushu bokucima kunye nexesha le-roller chain ziiparameter eziphambili zenkqubo ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwayo. Kwimveliso yokwenyani, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu bokucima kunye nexesha ngokwezinto ezisetyenziswayo, ubungakanani, iimfuno zokusetyenziswa kunye nezinye izinto ze-roller chain, kwaye ulawule ngokungqongqo inkqubo yokucima ukuze ufumane iimveliso ze-roller chain ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezisebenza kakuhle. Kwangaxeshanye, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nobuchule bokucima, njengokucima kwe-isothermal, ukucima okulinganisiweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokulinganisa ikhompyutha, umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-roller chain kuya kuphucuka ngakumbi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike ezikhulayo.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-09-2025