Intshayelelo kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zonyango lobushushu kwiityathanga eziqengqelekayo

Intshayelelo kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zonyango lobushushu kwiityathanga eziqengqelekayo
Kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwee-roller chains, inkqubo yonyango lobushushu yeyona nto iphambili ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwazo. Ngokusebenzisa unyango lobushushu, amandla, ubulukhuni, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nokuqina kwee-roller chains kunokuphuculwa kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela kwandiswe ubomi benkonzo yazo kwaye kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokusetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ezinzima. Oku kulandelayo yintshayelelo eneenkcukacha kwiinkqubo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zonyango lobushushu kwii-roller chains:

I. Inkqubo yokucima kunye nokupholisa
(I) Ukucima
Ukucima yinkqubo yokufudumeza i-roller chain ukuya kubushushu obuthile (ngesiqhelo ngaphezulu kwe-Ac3 okanye i-Ac1), ukuyigcina ishushu ixesha elithile, uze uyipholise ngokukhawuleza. Injongo yayo kukwenza i-roller chain ifumane ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nesakhiwo se-martensitic esinamandla aphezulu. Izixhobo zokucima ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka amanzi, ioyile kunye namanzi anetyuwa. Amanzi anesantya sokupholisa esikhawulezayo kwaye afanelekile kwii-roller chain ezineemilo ezilula kunye nobukhulu obuncinci; ioyile inesantya sokupholisa esicothayo kwaye ifanelekile kwii-roller chain ezineemilo ezinzima kunye nobukhulu obukhulu.
(II) Ukunciphisa
Ukufudumala yinkqubo yokufudumeza kwakhona ityathanga lerola elicinyiweyo ukuya kubushushu obuthile (ngesiqhelo ngaphantsi kwe-Ac1), lihlale lifudumele, lize liphole. Injongo yalo kukususa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluvela ngexesha lenkqubo yokucima, ukulungisa ubunzima, nokuphucula ukuqina. Ngokweqondo lobushushu lokufudumala, linokwahlulwahlulwa libe yi-tempering yobushushu obuphantsi (150℃-250℃), i-tempering yobushushu obuphakathi (350℃-500℃) kunye ne-tempering yobushushu obuphezulu (500℃-650℃). Ukufudumala kobushushu obuphantsi kunokufumana isakhiwo se-martensite esiqinisiweyo esinobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokuqina okuhle; ukufudumala kobushushu obuphakathi kunokufumana isakhiwo se-troostite esiqinisiweyo esinamandla aphezulu kunye ne-plasticity elungileyo kunye nokuqina; ukufudumala kobushushu obuphezulu kunokufumana isakhiwo se-troostite esiqinisiweyo esineempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini.

2. Inkqubo yokwenza i-carburizing
I-Carburizing kukwenza ii-athomu zekhabhoni zingene kumphezulu we-roller chain ukuze zenze umaleko we-carburizing enekhabhoni ephezulu, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ubulukhuni bomphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, ngelixa umbindi usagcina ubulukhuni bentsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi. Iinkqubo ze-carburizing ziquka i-carburizing eqinileyo, i-carburizing yegesi kunye ne-carburizing yolwelo. Phakathi kwazo, i-carburizing yegesi yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Ngokubeka i-roller chain kwindawo eshushu, ii-athomu zekhabhoni zifakwa kumphezulu kubushushu obuthile nangexesha elithile. Emva kwe-carburizing, ukucima kunye nokushisa okuphantsi kudla ngokufuneka ukuphucula ubulukhuni bomphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.

3. Inkqubo yokunitha
I-nitriding kukufaka iiathom ze-nitrogen kumphezulu we-roller chain ukuze zenze ii-nitrides, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ubulukhuni bomphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye namandla okudinwa. Inkqubo ye-nitriding ibandakanya i-gas nitriding, i-ion nitriding kunye ne-liquid nitriding. I-gas nitriding kukubeka i-roller chain kwindawo equlethe i-nitrogen, kwaye kubushushu obuthile nexesha elithile, kuvumela iiathom ze-nitrogen ukuba zingene kumphezulu. I-roller chain emva kwe-nitriding inobulukhuni obuphezulu bomphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuhle, kunye nokuguquguquka okuncinci, okufanelekileyo kwii-roller chain ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo.

4. Inkqubo yokucoca ngekhabhoni
I-Carbonitriding kukufaka ikhabhoni kunye ne-nitrogen kumphezulu we-roller chain ngaxeshanye ukuze kwenziwe ii-carbonitrides, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ubulukhuni bomphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye namandla okudinwa. Inkqubo ye-carbonitriding ibandakanya i-gas carbonitriding kunye ne-liquid carbonitriding. I-gas carbonitriding kukubeka i-roller chain kwindawo equlathe ikhabhoni kunye ne-nitrogen, kwaye kubushushu obuthile nexesha elithile, kuvumela ikhabhoni kunye ne-nitrogen ukuba zingene kumphezulu ngaxeshanye. I-roller chain emva kwe-carbonitriding inobulukhuni obuphezulu bomphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuhle, kunye nokusebenza okuhle kokulwa nokuluma.

5. Inkqubo yokufunxa
I-Annealing yinkqubo apho i-roller chain ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu obuthile (ngesiqhelo i-30-50℃ ngaphezulu kwe-Ac3), igcinwe ishushu ixesha elithile, ipholiswe kancinci ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-500℃ nge-oven, ize ipholiswe emoyeni. Injongo yayo kukunciphisa ubulukhuni, ukuphucula i-plasticity kunye nokuqina, kunye nokwenza lula ukucutshungulwa kunye nonyango lobushushu olulandelayo. I-roller chain emva kwe-annealing inesakhiwo esifanayo kunye nobunzima obuphakathi, obunokuphucula ukusebenza kokusika.

6. Inkqubo yokulungisa izinto
Ukulungisa izinto ngokwesiqhelo yinkqubo apho i-roller chain ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu obuthile (ngesiqhelo ngaphezulu kwe-Ac3 okanye i-Acm), igcinwe ishushu, ikhutshwe esitovini ize ipholiswe emoyeni. Injongo yayo kukucoca iinkozo, ukwenza isakhiwo sifane, ukuphucula ubulukhuni namandla, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kokusika. I-roller chain emva kokulungisa izinto ngokwesiqhelo inesakhiwo esifanayo kunye nobunzima obuphakathi, obunokusetyenziswa njengonyango lokugqibela lobushushu okanye njengonyango lokuqala lobushushu.

7. Inkqubo yonyango lokwaluphala
Unyango lokwaluphala yinkqubo apho i-roller chain ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu obuthile, igcinwe ishushu ixesha elithile, ize ipholiswe. Injongo yayo kukususa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, ukuzinzisa ubungakanani, kunye nokuphucula amandla kunye nobunzima. Unyango lokwaluphala lwahlulwe ngokwendalo kunye nokwaluphala okwenziwayo. Ukwaluphala kwendalo kukubeka i-roller chain kubushushu begumbi okanye kwiimeko zendalo ixesha elide ukuze kupheliswe kancinci kancinci uxinzelelo lwayo olushiyekileyo; ukwaluphala okwenziwayo kukufudumala i-roller chain ukuya kubushushu obuphezulu kwaye kwenziwe unyango lokwaluphala ngexesha elifutshane.

8. Inkqubo yokucima umphezulu
Ukucima umphezulu yinkqubo yokufudumeza umphezulu we-roller chain ukuya kubushushu obuthile kwaye uyipholise ngokukhawuleza. Injongo yayo kukuphucula ubulukhuni bomphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, ngelixa umbindi usagcina ubulukhuni obuhle. Iinkqubo zokucima umphezulu ziquka ukucima umphezulu wokufudumala ngokungenisa, ukucima umphezulu wokufudumala ngomlilo, kunye nokucima umphezulu wokufudumala ngoqhagamshelwano lombane. Ukucima umphezulu wokufudumala ngokungenisa kusebenzisa ubushushu obuveliswa ngumbane obangelwayo ukufudumeza umphezulu we-roller chain, onezibonelelo zesantya sokufudumeza esikhawulezayo, umgangatho wokucima olungileyo, kunye nokuguquguquka okuncinci.

9. Inkqubo yokuqinisa umphezulu
Inkqubo yokuqinisa umphezulu kukwenza umaleko wokuqinisa oneempawu ezikhethekileyo kumphezulu wetyathanga le-roller ngokusebenzisa iindlela zomzimba okanye zeekhemikhali, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ubulukhuni bomphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye namandla okudinwa. Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokuqinisa umphezulu ziquka ukudubula, ukuqinisa ukugoqa, ukuqinisa ukungena kwesinyithi, njl. Ukudubula kukusebenzisa i-shot ekhawulezayo ukuchaphazela umphezulu wetyathanga le-roller, ukuze kubekho uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lokucinezelwa kumphezulu, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe amandla okudinwa; ukuqinisa ukugoqa kukusebenzisa izixhobo zokugoqa ukugoqa umphezulu wetyathanga le-roller, ukuze umphezulu uvelise ukuguquguquka kweplastiki, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ubulukhuni bomphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.

10. Inkqubo ekruqulayo
Ukubolisa kukungena kwiiathom zeboron kumphezulu weroller chain ukuze zenze iiborides, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ubulukhuni bomphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Iinkqubo zokubolisa ziquka ukubolisa igesi kunye nokubolisa ulwelo. Ukubolisa igesi kukubeka iroller chain kwindawo equlathe iboron, kwaye kubushushu obuthile nexesha elithile, kuvumela iiathom zeboron ukuba zingene kumphezulu. Iroller chain emva kokubolisa inobulukhuni obuphezulu bomphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuhle, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokulwa nokuluma.

11. Inkqubo yonyango lobushushu oluyi-composite quenching secondary
Unyango lobushushu oluyi-compound secondary quenching heat luyinkqubo yonyango lobushushu oluphambili, oluphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwee-roller chains ngeenkqubo ezimbini zokucima kunye nokupholisa. Le nkqubo idla ngokuquka la manyathelo alandelayo:
(I) Ukucima kokuqala
Itsheyini yeroli ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu obuphezulu (ngesiqhelo iphezulu kunobushushu obuqhelekileyo bokucima) ukuze iqinise ngokupheleleyo isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi, ize ipholiswe ngokukhawuleza ukuze yenze isakhiwo se-martensitic. Injongo yale nyathelo kukuphucula ubulukhuni kunye namandla etsheyini yeroli.
(II) Ukulinganisa kokuqala
Itsheyini yerola emva kokucima kokuqala ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu obuphakathi (ngesiqhelo phakathi kwama-300℃ -500℃), igcinwe ifudumele ixesha elithile ize ipholiswe. Injongo yale nyathelo kukususa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluvela ngexesha lenkqubo yokucima, ngelixa ilungisa ubulukhuni kwaye iphucula ubulukhuni.
(III) Ukucima okwesibini
Itsheyini yeroli emva kokufudumeza kokuqala ifudunyezwa kwakhona ukuya kubushushu obuphezulu, kodwa iphantsi kancinci kunobushushu bokuqala bokucima, ize ipholiswe ngokukhawuleza. Injongo yale nyathelo kukuphucula ngakumbi isakhiwo se-martensitic kunye nokuphucula ubunzima kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwetsheyini yeroli.
(IV) Ubushushu besibini
Itsheyini yerola emva kokucima okwesibini ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu obuphantsi (ngesiqhelo phakathi kwe-150℃-250℃), igcinwe ifudumele ixesha elithile ize ipholiswe. Injongo yale nyathelo kukususa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, ukuzinzisa ubungakanani, kunye nokugcina ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.

12. Inkqubo yokwenza i-carburizing yolwelo
I-carburizing yolwelo yinkqubo ekhethekileyo ye-carburizing evumela ii-athomu zekhabhoni ukuba zingene kumphezulu ngokuntywilisela i-roller chain kwindawo ye-carburizing yolwelo. Le nkqubo ineengenelo zesantya se-carburizing esikhawulezayo, umaleko we-carburizing ofanayo, kunye nolawulo oluhle. Ifanelekile kwiitsheyini ze-roller ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo kunye neemfuno zokuchaneka okuphezulu. Emva kwe-carburizing yolwelo, ukucima kunye nokushisa okuphantsi kudla ngokufuneka ukuphucula ngakumbi ubulukhuni bomphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.

13. Inkqubo yokuqinisa
Ukuqina kubhekisa ekuphuculeni ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka ngokuphucula ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwetsheyini yeroller. Amanyathelo athile ngala alandelayo:
(I) Ukufudumeza
Itsheyini eqengqelekayo ifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu obuqina ukuze inyibilikise kwaye isasaze izinto ezifana nekhabhoni kunye ne-nitrogen kwitsheyini.
(ii) Ubushushu
Emva kokufikelela kubushushu obuqinileyo, gcina ixesha elithile lokufudumala ukuze izinto zisasazeke ngokulinganayo kwaye zenze isisombululo esiqinileyo.
(iii) Ukuphola
Pholisa ityathanga ngokukhawuleza, isisombululo esiqinileyo siya kwenza isakhiwo esithambileyo sengqolowa, siphucule ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.

14. Inkqubo yokungena kwesinyithi
Inkqubo yokungena kwesinyithi kukungena kwezinto zesinyithi kumphezulu we-roller chain ukuze kwenziwe iikhompawundi zesinyithi, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ubulukhuni bomphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokungena kwesinyithi ziquka i-chromization kunye nokungena kwe-vanadium. Inkqubo ye-chromization kukubeka i-roller chain kwindawo equlethe i-chromium, kwaye kubushushu obuthile kunye nexesha elithile, ii-athomu ze-chromium zingena kumphezulu ukuze zenze iikhompawundi ze-chromium, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ubulukhuni bomphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.

15. Inkqubo yokwenza i-Aluminium ibe yi-aluminium
Inkqubo yokwenza i-aluminium ibe yinxalenye ye-atom ye-aluminium kumphezulu we-roller chain ukuze kwenziwe iikhompawundi ze-aluminium, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukumelana ne-oxidation yomphezulu kunye nokumelana ne-corrosion. Iinkqubo ze-aluminium ziquka i-gas aluminization kunye ne-liquid aluminization. I-gas aluminization kukubeka i-roller chain kwindawo equlethe i-aluminum, kwaye kubushushu obuthile nexesha elithile, ii-atom ze-aluminum ziyangena kumphezulu. Umphezulu we-roller chain emva kokungena kwe-aluminum unokumelana ne-oxidation kunye nokumelana ne-corrosion, kwaye ufanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye ne-corrosion.

16. Inkqubo yokungena kobhedu
Inkqubo yokungena kobhedu kukungena kwiiathom zobhedu kumphezulu wetyathanga le-roller ukuze kwenziwe iikhompawundi zobhedu, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukumelana nokuguguleka komphezulu kunye nokusebenza kokulwa nokuluma. Inkqubo yokungena kobhedu ibandakanya ukungena kobhedu ngegesi kunye nokungena kobhedu olumanzi. Ukungena kobhedu ngegesi kukubeka ityathanga le-roller kwindawo equlethe ubhedu, kwaye kubushushu obuthile nexesha elithile, iiathom zobhedu zingena kumphezulu. Umphezulu wetyathanga le-roller emva kokungena kobhedu unokumelana nokuguguleka okuhle kunye nokusebenza kokulwa nokuluma, kwaye ufanelekile ukusetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko zesantya esiphezulu kunye nomthwalo onzima.

17. Inkqubo yokungena kweTitanium
Inkqubo yokungena kwe-titanium kukungena kwiiathom ze-titanium kumphezulu we-roller chain ukuze kwenziwe iikhompawundi ze-titanium, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ubulukhuni bomphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Inkqubo yokungena kwe-titanium ibandakanya ukungena kwe-titanium yegesi kunye nokungena kwe-titanium engamanzi. Ukungena kwe-titanium yegesi kukubeka i-roller chain kwindawo equlathe i-titanium, kwaye kubushushu obuthile nexesha elithile, iiathom ze-titanium zingena kumphezulu. Umphezulu we-roller chain emva kokungena kwe-titanium unobulukhuni obuhle kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, kwaye ufanelekile kwiimeko zokusebenza ezinobulukhuni obuphezulu kunye neemfuno zokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu.

18. Inkqubo yokuxuba i-cobalti
Inkqubo ye-cobalt kukungena kwiiathom ze-cobalt kumphezulu we-roller chain ukuze kwenziwe iikhompawundi ze-cobalt, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka komphezulu. Inkqubo ye-cobalt ibandakanya i-gas cobalt kunye ne-liquid cobalt. I-gas cobalt kukubeka i-roller chain kwindawo equlethe i-cobalt, kwaye kubushushu obuthile nexesha elithile, iiathom ze-cobalt zingena kumphezulu. Umphezulu we-roller chain emva kwe-cobalt unobulukhuni obuhle kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, kwaye ufanelekile kwiimeko zokusebenza ezinobulukhuni obuphezulu kunye neemfuno zokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu.

19. Inkqubo yeZirconization
Inkqubo ye-zirconization kukungena kwiiathom ze-zirconium kumphezulu we-roller chain ukuze kwenziwe iikhompawundi ze-zirconium, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka komphezulu. Inkqubo ye-zirconization ibandakanya i-gas zirconization kunye ne-liquid zirconization. I-gas zirconization kukubeka i-roller chain kwindawo equlathe i-zirconium, kwaye kubushushu obuthile nexesha elithile, iiathom ze-zirconium zingena kumphezulu. Umphezulu we-roller chain emva kwe-zirconization unobulukhuni obuhle kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, kwaye ufanelekile kwiimeko zokusebenza ezinobulukhuni obuphezulu kunye neemfuno zokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu.

20. Inkqubo yokungena kweMolybdenum
Inkqubo yokungena kwe-molybdenum kukungena kwiiathom ze-molybdenum kumphezulu we-roller chain ukuze kwenziwe iikhompawundi ze-molybdenum, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka komphezulu. Inkqubo yokungena kwe-molybdenum ibandakanya ukungena kwe-molybdenum kwigesi kunye nokungena kwe-molybdenum engamanzi. Ukungena kwe-molybdenum kwigesi kukubeka i-roller chain kwindawo equlathe i-molybdenum, kwaye kubushushu obuthile nexesha elithile, kuvumela iiathom ze-molybdenum ukuba zingene kumphezulu. Umphezulu we-roller chain emva kokungena kwe-molybdenum unobulukhuni obuhle kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, kwaye ufanelekile kwiimeko zokusebenza ezifuna ubulukhuni obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu.