Ndezvipi zvinoshandiswa chaizvo nemacheni esimbi isingatsvi muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu?

Ndezvipi zvinoshandiswa chaizvo nemacheni esimbi isingatsvi muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu?

1. Pfupiso yekushandiswa kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu
1.1 Hunhu hwezvinhu zvecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura
Maketani esimbi isina ngura anowanzo gadzirwa nezvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro zvesimbi isina ngura, zvakaita sesimbi isina ngura ye304, simbi isina ngura ye316L, nezvimwewo. Zvinhu izvi zvine hunhu hunotevera:

Kuramba ngura: 304 simbi isingatsvedzeri ine huwandu hwakawanda hwe chromium uye nickel elements, izvo zvinoita kuti isatsvedzere kuoxidation uye ngura munzvimbo zhinji. 316L simbi isingatsvedzeri inowedzera molybdenum (Mo) kuti iwedzere kuvandudza kuramba ngura uye kuramba makomba, kunyanya yakakodzera nzvimbo dzine hunyoro, acidic uye alkaline dzinowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira chikafu.

Simba guru: Mushure mekurapwa kwakakosha, simba rekudhonza uye simba rekuburitsa cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura rakakwirira, uye dzinogona kutsungirira mitoro mikuru. Semuenzaniso, simba rekudhonza cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dze304 dzinogona kusvika 515 MPa, izvo zvinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemidziyo yekugadzira chikafu kuti ikwanise kutakura mutoro wecheni.

Kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye kwakaderera: Maketani esimbi isina ngura anogona kushandiswa pakupisa kwakakura, senge tembiricha yekushandisa ye304 simbi isina ngura iri -20°C kusvika 400°C, iyo yakakodzera michina yekubikira inopisa uye michina yechando yakaderera mukugadzira chikafu.

Hutsanana uye husina chepfu: Zvinhu zvesimbi zvisina ngura hazvina chepfu uye hazvina hwema, zvinosangana nezvinodiwa nehutsanana hweindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu, uye hazvizokonzere kusvibiswa kwechikafu.

Yakanaka uye inogara kwenguva refu: Pamusoro payo pakanaka uye hazviremi kuita ngura. Inogona kuramba ichitaridzika zvakanaka mushure mekushandiswa kwenguva refu uye inogara kwenguva refu

2. Kushandiswa kwezvinobatanidza zvekutumira
2.1 Kutakura zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa
Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoita basa rakakosha mukubatanidza zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa zvekugadzira chikafu, zvinosanganisira zviyo, nyama, michero, miriwo, nezvimwewo. Kutakura zvinhu izvi kunofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvehutsanana, kushanda zvakanaka uye kugadzikana.

Kutakura zviyo: Mumakambani ekugadzira zviyo, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinoshandiswa kutakura zviyo zvakaita segorosi nechibage. Semuenzaniso, muchina mukuru wekugadzira upfu unoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi kuti ufambise gorosi kubva mudura kuenda kunzvimbo yekugadzira, ine simba rekutakura rinosvika matani makumi mashanu paawa, izvo zvinovandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira. Kusagona ngura uye simba rakawanda recheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi zvinoita kuti dzirambe dzichishanda zvakanaka kwenguva refu uye hadzizove nengura kana kukuvara nekuda kwehunyoro kana kusvibiswa kwezviyo.
Kutakurwa kwenyama: Mumakambani ekugadzira nyama, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinoshandiswa kutakura zvipfuyo zvakaita senguruve nemombe. Munzvimbo yekuurayira, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinotakura zvipfuyo kubva panzvimbo yekuurayira kuenda kunzvimbo yekucheka, uye hunhu hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hwecheni yacho hunoita kuti nyama isasvibiswe panguva yese yekufambisa. Pamusoro pezvo, kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya uye kwakaderera kwecheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi kunoita kuti dzikwanise kushanda zvakanaka munzvimbo inodziya yakaderera yenzvimbo yekuurayira.
Kutakurwa kwemichero nemiriwo: Mumakambani ekugadzira michero nemiriwo, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvedzeri dzinoshandiswa kutakura michero nemiriwo. Semuenzaniso, fekitori yekuchengetera michero inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvedzeri kutakura michero kubva kunzvimbo yekuwachisa kuenda kunzvimbo yekubikisa, ine simba rekutakura rinosvika matani makumi matatu paawa. Kusagona ngura kwecheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvedzeri kunoita kuti dzikwanise kurwisa zvinhu zvine acid mumichero nemiriwo, nepo hunhu hwadzo hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu huchivimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu.

2.2 Kutakurwa kwechigadzirwa chisina kupera
Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswawo zvakanyanya muchikamu chekutakura zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu. Kutakurwa kwezvinhu zvakapedzwa kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti hutsanana uye mhando yechikafu hazvikanganisike panguva yekugadzirisa chikafu.

Kutakura zvinhu zvakabikwa zvisina kunyatsopedzwa: Mumakambani ekubika chikafu, cheni dzesimbi dzisina kupedzwa dzinoshandiswa kutakura zvinhu zvisina kunyatsopedzwa zvakaita sechingwa nemakeke. Semuenzaniso, bhekari hombe inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisina kupedzwa kutakura chingwa kubva paworkshop yekugadzira kuenda kuworkshop yekubika, ine simba rekutakura rinosvika matani makumi maviri paawa. Kusapisa kwakanyanya kwecheni yesimbi isina kupedzwa kunoita kuti ikwanise kushanda zvakadzikama munzvimbo inopisa yemidziyo yekubikira, uye hunhu hwayo hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hunovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu panguva yekutakura.
Kutakura zvigadzirwa zvenyama zvakapedzwa zvishoma: Mumakambani ekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvenyama, cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa kutakura zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa zvishoma zvakaita semasoseji neham. Muworkshop yekugadzira masoseji, cheni yesimbi isina ngura inotakura soseji kubva pamutsetse wekuzadza kuenda kuworkshop yekusvuta. Kuramba ngura uye simba rakawanda recheni zvinoita kuti irambe ichishanda zvakanaka kwenguva refu. Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hwecheni yesimbi isina ngura hunovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwezvigadzirwa zvenyama panguva yekutakura.
Kutakura zvinwiwa zvisina kupera: Mumakambani ekugadzira zvinwiwa, cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa kutakura zvinwiwa zvisina kupera. Semuenzaniso, fekitori yezvinwiwa inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura kutakura zvinwiwa zvisina kupera kubva kunzvimbo yekusanganisa kusvika kunzvimbo yekuzadza, ine simba rekutakura rinosvika matani gumi paawa. Kusagona ngura kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura kunoita kuti dzikwanise kuramba zvinhu zvine acidic muzvinwiwa, nepo hunhu hwadzo hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu huchivimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwezvinwiwa panguva yekufambisa.

3. Kushandiswa mukuzadza
3.1 Kuzadza chikafu nemvura
Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoita basa guru mukuzadza chikafu nemvura, uye zvakanakira mashandiro adzo zvinovimbisa kushanda zvakanaka, hutsanana uye kugadzikana kwekuzadza chikafu.

Kuzadza doro: Mukugadzirwa kwedoro, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinoshandiswa kutakura magaba kana mabhodhoro egirazi. Semuenzaniso, kambani huru yedoro inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi kuti ifambise magaba kubva kunzvimbo yekuchenesa kuenda kunzvimbo yekuzadza uye yozoenda kunzvimbo yekuvhara. Kushanda zvakanaka kwecheni yesimbi isingatsvi kunoita kuti magaba akwanise kufambiswa zvakanaka, huwandu hwemvura inozadzwa hwakagadzikana, daro pfupi pakati pekuzadza nekuvhara, uye huwandu hweokisijeni hwakaderera mugaba. Zvikamu zvese zvinosangana nemagaba zvakagadzirwa nesimbi isingatsvi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti chivharo chacho chakanaka.
Kuzadza Chinwiwa: Mukuita kwekuzadza chinwiwa, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinoshandiswa kutakura mabhodhoro ezvinwiwa. Semuenzaniso, fekitori yezvinwiwa inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi kuti ifambise mabhodhoro ezvinwiwa kubva kunzvimbo yekuchenesa kuenda kunzvimbo yekuzadza uye yozoenda kunzvimbo yekuvhara. Kusagadzikana kwengura kwecheni yesimbi isingatsvi kunoita kuti ikwanise kurwisa zvinhu zvine acidic muzvinwiwa, uye hunhu hwayo hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hunovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwechinwiwa panguva yekuzadza. Pamusoro pezvo, kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya kwecheni yesimbi isingatsvi kunoita kuti ikwanise kushanda zvakadzikama muchikamu chekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya mushure mekunge chinwiwa chazadzwa.

Kuzadza mafuta anodyiwa: Munguva yekuzadza mafuta anodyiwa, cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa kutakura mabara emafuta anodyiwa. Semuenzaniso, fekitori yemafuta anodyiwa inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura kutakura mabara emafuta anodyiwa kubva kunzvimbo yekuzadza kuenda kunzvimbo yekuvhara. Kusagadzikana kwengura kwecheni yesimbi isina ngura kunoita kuti ikwanise kurwisa zvinhu zvine acidic mumafuta anodyiwa, uye hunhu hwayo hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hunovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwemafuta anodyiwa panguva yekuzadza. Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu hwakasimba hwecheni yesimbi isina ngura hunoigonesa kutsungirira huremu hwebhara remafuta anodyiwa, zvichiita kuti maitiro ekutakura ave akasimba uye akavimbika.

3.2 Kuzadza chikafu chakasimba
Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswawo zvakanyanya muchikamu chekuzadza chikafu chakasimba, uye zvakanakira mashandiro adzo zvinovimbisa kushanda zvakanaka, hutsanana uye kugadzikana kwemaitiro ekuzadza.

Kuzadza masoseji: Panguva yekugadzirisa masoseji, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvedzeri dzinoshandiswa kutakura masoseji. Semuenzaniso, fekitori yekugadzira masoseji inoshandisa sisitimu yekuendesa masoseji kubva pamutsetse wekuzadza kuenda kunzvimbo yekusvuta. Kuramba ngura uye simba rakawanda recheni yesimbi isingatsvedzeri zvinoita kuti ikwanise kuramba ichishanda zvakanaka kwenguva refu, nepo hunhu hwayo hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hunoita kuti masoseji asave akachengeteka panguva yekuzadza. Pamusoro pezvo, kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya kwecheni yesimbi isingatsvedzeri kunoita kuti ikwanise kushanda zvakadzikama panguva yekusvuta masoseji.
Kuzadza maswiti: Panguva yekugadzirisa maswiti, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinoshandiswa kutakura maswiti. Semuenzaniso, fekitari yemaswiti inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi kuti itumire maswiti kubva kunzvimbo yekuzadza kuenda kunzvimbo yekurongedza. Hunhu hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hwecheni yesimbi isingatsvi hunovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwemaswiti panguva yekuzadza, nepo kuramba kwayo ngura kuchiigonesa kuramba zvinhu zvine acidic mumaswiti. Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu hwakasimba hwecheni yesimbi isingatsvi hunoigonesa kutakura huremu hwemaswiti, zvichivimbisa kugadzikana uye kuvimbika kwenzira yekutakura.
Kuzadza nzungu: Panguva yekugadzirisa nzungu, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinoshandiswa kutakura nzungu. Semuenzaniso, fekitori yekugadzirisa nzungu inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura nzungu kubva paworkshop yekuzadza kuenda kuworkshop yekupakira. Hunhu hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hwecheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi hunovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwenzungu panguva yekuzadza, nepo kuramba kwadzo ngura kuchidzigonesa kuramba zvinhu zvine acidic munzungu. Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu hwakasimba hwecheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi hunodzigonesa kutakura huremu hwenzungu, zvichivimbisa kugadzikana uye kuvimbika kwemaitiro ekutakura.

4. Kushandiswa muzvisungo zvekubika
4.1 Kubika chingwa
Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoita basa rakakosha mukubika chingwa, uye zvadzinobatsira pakushanda zvakanaka, hutsanana uye kugadzikana kwekubika.

Kushandiswa mumidziyo yekubikira: Mumidziyo yekubikira chingwa, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinowanzo shandiswa kutakura chingwa. Semuenzaniso, bhekari hombe inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi kuti itumire chingwa kubva paworkshop yekugadzira kuenda kuworkshop yekubikira, ine simba rekutakura rinosvika matani makumi maviri paawa. Kusapisa kwakanyanya kwecheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi kunoita kuti dzikwanise kushanda zvakadzikama munzvimbo inodziya zvakanyanya yemidziyo yekubikira, uye kazhinji dzinogona kutsungirira tembiricha yekubikira inosvika 250°C, zvichiita kuti chingwa chive chakachengeteka panguva yekubikira.
Hutsanana uye kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu: Hunhu hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura hunosangana nezvinodiwa zvehutsanana zveindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu uye hazvizokonzere kusvibiswa kwechingwa. Pamusoro payo pakapfava zviri nyore kuchenesa, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira mabhakitiriya kukura uye kuona kuchena uye kuchengetedzeka kwechingwa panguva yekubika.

Kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira: Simba guru uye ruzha rushoma rwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoita kuti dzirambe dzakagadzikana panguva yekushanda kwenguva refu, zvichideredza nguva yekugadzirisa michina uye mwero wekukundikana kwayo. Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete kugadzira chingwa, asiwo zvinoderedza mari yekushanda kwemabhizinesi.

4.2 Kubika nyama
Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mukubika nyama, uye zvadzinobatsira pakuita kwavo zvinovimbisa kushanda zvakanaka, hutsanana uye kugadzikana kwekubika nyama.

Kushandiswa mukugadzira masoseji: Mukugadzira masoseji, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvedzeri dzinoshandiswa kutakura masoseji. Semuenzaniso, fekitori yekugadzirisa masoseji inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura masoseji kubva pamutsetse wekuzadza kuenda kunzvimbo yekusvuta. Kuramba ngura uye hunhu hwakasimba hwecheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvedzeri zvinovabvumira kuchengetedza kushanda kwakanaka mukushandiswa kwenguva refu, nepo hunhu hwavo hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu huchivimbisa kuchena uye kuchengetedzeka kwemasoseji panguva yekubika. Pamusoro pezvo, kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya kwecheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvedzeri kunoita kuti dzishande zvakadzikama mukusvuta masoseji, uye kazhinji dzinogona kutsungirira tembiricha yekubika kusvika 200°C.

Kushandiswa mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvenyama: Mumakambani ekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvenyama, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvedzeri dzinoshandiswa kutakura zvigadzirwa zvakaita seham nebarbecue. Semuenzaniso, fekitori yekugadzira nyama inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvedzeri kutakura cheni kubva kunzvimbo yekubika kuenda kunzvimbo yekubika. Kuramba ngura uye simba rakawanda recheni yesimbi isingatsvedzeri zvinoita kuti irambe ichishanda zvakanaka kwenguva refu, nepo hunhu hwayo hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hunoita kuti zvigadzirwa zvenyama zvigare zvakanaka panguva yekubika. Pamusoro pezvo, kuramba tembiricha yakakwira yecheni yesimbi isingatsvedzeri kunoita kuti ikwanise kushanda zvakadzikama munzvimbo inopisa yemidziyo yekubika nyama, uye inowanzo kwanisa kutsungirira tembiricha yekubika kusvika 180°C.

Hutsanana uye kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu: Hunhu hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hwecheni yesimbi isingatsvi hunosangana nezvinodiwa zveindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu uye hahusvibisi zvigadzirwa zvenyama. Pamusoro payo panyorova zviri nyore kuchenesa, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira kukura kwemabhakitiriya uye kuona kuchengetedzeka kwezvigadzirwa zvenyama panguva yekubika. Pamusoro pezvo, kuramba ngura kwecheni yesimbi isingatsvi kunoita kuti ikwanise kuramba zvinhu zvine acid muzvigadzirwa zvenyama, zvichiwedzera kuona kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu.

5. Kushandiswa muchikamu chekuomesa
5.1 Kugadzirwa kwechikafu chakaomeswa nechando
Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwechikafu chakaomeswa nechando, uye zvadzinobatsira pakushanda zvakanaka, hutsanana uye kugadzikana kwemaitiro ekugadzira.

Kushandiswa mumigero inotonhora nekukurumidza: Mumigero inotonhora nekukurumidza, cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa kutakura chikafu, senge madumplings, mabhora emupunga anonaka, hove, michero nemiriwo. Semuenzaniso, fekitori hombe yechikafu inotonhora nekukurumidza inoshandisa sisitimu yekutakura cheni yesimbi isina ngura kutakura chikafu kubva kunzvimbo yekugadzirisa kuenda kumigero inotonhora nekukurumidza, ine simba rekutakura rinosvika matani makumi matatu paawa. Kudzivirira kupisa kwakaderera kwecheni yesimbi isina ngura kunoita kuti ikwanise kuchengetedza simba nekusimba pakupisa kwakaderera zvikuru pasina kupwanyika. Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hwecheni yesimbi isina ngura hunosangana nemazinga ehutsanana eindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu uye hahuzokonzere kusvibiswa kwechikafu.

Hutsanana uye kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu: Pamusoro pecheni yesimbi isina ngura pakanaka uye pakachena, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira kukura kwemabhakitiriya uye kuchengetedza kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu panguva yekuomesa. Kusagadzikana kwayo nengura kunoita kuti ikwanise kuramba zvinhu zvine acid muzvikafu, zvichiwedzera kuchengetedza kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu.

Kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira: Simba guru uye ruzha rushoma rwecheni yesimbi isingatsvi inoita kuti irambe yakasimba panguva yekushanda kwenguva refu, zvichideredza nguva yekugadzirisa michina uye mwero wekukundikana. Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete kugadzirwa kwechikafu chakaomeswa nechando, asiwo zvinoderedza mari yekushanda kwemabhizinesi.

5.2 Kutakurwa mufiriji
Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mukutakura zvinhu mufiriji, uye zvadzinobatsira pakushanda zvakanaka, hutsanana uye kugadzikana kwemafambiro ekutakura zvinhu.

Kushandiswa muzvikamu zvefiriji: Muzvikamu zvefiriji, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinoshandiswa kugadzirisa nekutakura chikafu. Semuenzaniso, kambani hombe yekutakura zvinhu muchando inoshandisa sisitimu yekugadzirisa cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi kuti igadzire chikafu muzvikamu zvefiriji kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti chinogara kwenguva refu panguva yekufambisa. Kusapisa kwakanyanya kwecheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi kunoita kuti dzikwanise kuchengetedza simba nekusimba munzvimbo ine tembiricha yakaderera yezvikamu zvefiriji. Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu hwehutsanana uye husina chepfu hwecheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi hunosangana nemazinga ehutsanana eindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu uye hahuzokonzere kusvibiswa kwechikafu.

Hutsanana uye kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu: Pamusoro pecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura pakanaka uye zviri nyore kuchenesa, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira kukura kwemabhakitiriya uye kuona kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu panguva yekufambisa. Kusagadzikana kwayo nengura kunoita kuti ikwanise kuramba zvinhu zvine acid muzvikafu, zvichiwedzera kuona kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu.

Kuvandudza mashandiro ekufambisa: Simba rakawanda uye ruzha rushoma rwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoita kuti dzirambe dzakagadzikana panguva yekushanda kwenguva refu, zvichideredza nguva yekugadzirisa michina uye mwero wekukundikana kwayo. Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete mashandiro ekufambisa mufiriji, asiwo zvinoderedza mari yekushanda kwemabhizinesi.

6. Zvinodiwa pakuchenesa uye zvehutsanana
6.1 Kuchenesa pamusoro
Kana cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzichishandiswa muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu, kuchenesa pamusoro pechikafu chinhu chakakosha kuti chikafu chive chakachengeteka uye chive chehutsanana. Panguva yekugadzira chikafu, pamusoro pecheni panenge paine mafuta, guruva, zvasara zvechikafu nezvimwe zvinosvibisa. Kana tsvina iyi ikasacheneswa nenguva, inogona kubereka mabhakitiriya uye kukonzera kusvibiswa kwechikafu.

Nzira yekuchenesa: Kazhinji mvura inodziya ine sipo inoshandiswa kuchenesa. Nzira iyi yakapfava uye inoshanda uye inogona kubvisa tsvina yakawanda pamusoro pecheni. Kune mavara akaoma kuchenesa, unogona kushandisa bhurashi rakapfava kukwesha zvinyoro nyoro, asi usashandise bhurashi rakaoma kuti usakwenya pamusoro pecheni. Munguva yekuchenesa, unofanirawo kutarisa mipata iri pakati pecheni dzinobatanidza. Zvikamu izvi zvinowanzounganidzwa tsvina uye zvinogona kucheneswa nebhurashi remazino rekare.

Kuwanda kwekuchenesa: Zvichienderana nenzvimbo chaiyo yekugadzira chikafu uye kushandiswa kwecheni, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uchenese zvakakwana zuva rega rega kana mushure mekushanda kwega kwega. Munzvimbo dzine hunyoro kana dzakasvibiswa zvakanyanya, kuwanda kwekuchenesa kunofanira kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera.

Kurapa kwekuomesa: Mushure mekuichenesa, inofanira kusukurudzwa nemvura yakachena uye kupukutwa nehair dryer kana jira rakachena redonje. Kuchengeta cheni pamusoro payo pakaoma inzira yakakosha yekudzivirira ngura nekukura kwebhakitiriya.
Kuongorora nguva dzose: Panguva yekuchenesa, zvakakoshawo kugara uchitarisa kana cheni yakakuvara kana kuti yakaremara. Kana cheni yacho yawanikwa yakatsemuka, yasakara zvakanyanya uye mamwe matambudziko akaonekwa, inofanira kuchinjwa nenguva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti nzira yekugadzira chikafu yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika.

6.2 Kudzivirira ngura
Kusagona ngura kwemacheni esimbi isina ngura ndeimwe yezvikonzero zvakakosha zvekushandiswa kwawo zvakanyanya muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu. Munguva yekugadzira chikafu, macheni anowanzo sangana nenzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzine acidic, alkaline kana hunyoro, izvo zvinoita kuti macheni arambe achigona ngura zvakanyanya.

Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu: Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinowanzogadzirwa nesimbi isina ngura ye304 kana 316L. Simbi isina ngura ye304 ine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvechromium nenickel, izvo zvinoita kuti isapindwe ne oxidation uye ngura munzvimbo zhinji. Pamusana peizvi, simbi isina ngura ye316L inowedzera molybdenum (Mo), iyo inowedzera kuvandudza ngura uye kuramba maburi, uye inonyanya kukodzera nzvimbo dzine hunyoro, acidic uye alkaline dzinowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira chikafu.

Mashandiro chaiwo ekushandisa: Mukushandiswa chaiko kwekugadzira chikafu, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzinoratidza kuramba kwakanakisa kwengura. Semuenzaniso, mumabasa ekugadzira nyama, uko cheni dziri munzvimbo ine hunyoro uye ine munyu kwenguva yakareba, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dze316L dzinogona kuramba dzakakora uye dzine hupenyu hwemakore akati wandei. Mumabasa ekuzadza zvinwiwa, uko cheni dzinosangana nezvinhu zvine acidic muzvinwiwa, cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dze304 dzinogonawo kuramba dzakagadzikana uye hadzizokanganisi kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu nekuda kwengura.
Matanho ekugadzirisa: Kunyange zvazvo cheni dzesimbi dzisingatsvi dzisingagoni kusviba, mamwe matanho ekugadzirisa achiri kudiwa panguva yekushandiswa. Gara uchibvisa ngura netsvina pamusoro pecheni, kungave nemakemikari kana kuti nemuviri. Semuenzaniso, shandisa chinochenesa chine acidic senge vhiniga chena kana muto weremoni kuti uise pangura, rega zvimire kwenguva yakati, wozozvisuka nemvura yakachena; kana kushandisa sandpaper, mabhurashi ewaya nezvimwe zvishandiso zvekukwesha nemechanical. Pamusoro pezvo, kuchengetedza cheni pamusoro payo pakaoma inzira yakakosha yekudzivirira ngura.

Kukanganiswa kwekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu: Kusagadzikana kwengura kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura hakungowedzere hupenyu hwecheni chete, asi chinonyanya kukosha, kunovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu. Panguva yekushandiswa, cheni haizoburitse ngura kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinokuvadza nekuda kwengura, nokudaro kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwechikafu. Izvi zvakakosha kuindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu, nekuti kuchengetedzeka uye hutsanana hwechikafu ndiwo musimboti webhizinesi.

7. Kugadziriswa nekuchengetedzwa kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura

7.1 Kuongorora nguva dzose
Kuongorora nguva dzose inzira huru yekuona kuti cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshanda zvakanaka uye zvakachengeteka muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu. Kuburikidza nekuongorora nguva dzose, matambudziko angangoitika echeni anogona kuonekwa nekufamba kwenguva, kutadza kushanda kunogona kudzivirirwa, hupenyu hwecheni hunogona kuwedzerwa, uye kushanda kwakajairika kwemidziyo yekugadzira chikafu kunogona kuvimbiswa.

Kuwanda kwekuongorora: Zvichienderana nekuwanda kwekushandiswa kwemidziyo yekugadzira chikafu uye nzvimbo yekushanda, zvinokurudzirwa kuita ongororo yakazara vhiki rega rega kana mavhiki maviri ega ega. Munzvimbo dzine hunyoro hwakawanda, kusvibiswa kwakanyanya kana kushandiswa kwakasimba, kuwanda kwekuongorora kunofanirwa kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera.
Zviri mukati mekuongorora:
Chitarisiko checheni: Tarisa kana paine ngura, kupera, kukwenya, kuchinja uye mamwe matambudziko pamusoro pecheni. Ngura inogona kukonzera kuti simba recheni riderere, kupera kunogona kukanganisa kururama kwekutumira kwecheni, kukwenya uye kuchinja kunogona kukonzera kuti cheni ijambe kana kutyoka, nokudaro zvichikanganisa mashandiro akajairika emidziyo yekugadzira chikafu.

Kusimba kwecheni: Kusimba kwecheni kunofanira kunge kuri pakati nepakati. Kusimba zvakanyanya kunowedzera kusimba kwecheni, zvichikonzera kusakara kwakanyanya kwecheni nesprocket; kusimba zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kuti cheni isvetuka mazino kana kudonha. Kazhinji, kusimba kwecheni kunofanira kudzorwa pakati pe1% ne2% yedaro repakati pesprocket. Chinotsigisa cheni chinogona kugadziriswa kuti chive nechokwadi chekuti cheni yacho yakasimba zvakanaka.
Zvikamu zvekubatanidza cheni: Tarisa kana mapini ekubatanidza cheni, maplate echeni nezvimwe zvikamu zvakasununguka, zvasakara kana kuti zvakakuvara. Kusagadzikana kwezvikamu zvekubatanidza kunogona kukonzera kudedera kusingawanzoitiki kana kudonha kwecheni panguva yekushanda, zvichikanganisa kugadzikana uye kuchengetedzeka kwemidziyo yekugadzira chikafu.
Mamiriro eSprocket: Tarisa kana pamusoro pezino resprocket pakasakara, pakakanganisika kana pakakuvara mazino. Kusakara kwesprocket kuchakanganisa kushanda zvakanaka kwecheni uye kururama kwayo, uye kunogona kutoita kuti cheni isashande kana kutyoka. Kana sprocket ikaonekwa kuti yakasakara zvakanyanya, inofanira kutsiviwa nenguva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti cheni yacho inoshanda zvakanaka.
Nzira yekuongorora: Munguva yekuongorora, zvimwe zvishandiso zvekubatsira zvakaita semagirazi ekukudza, macaliper, uye mafeeler gauges zvinogona kushandiswa. Girazi rekukudza rinogona kubatsira kuona matombo madiki uye kupera pamusoro pecheni; caliper inogona kuyera pitch yecheni, ukobvu hweplate yecheni nezvimwe zviyero kuti ione kana cheni yakapfekwa kupfuura mwero; feeler gauge inogona kuyera meshing gap pakati pecheni ne sprocket kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti cheni yacho yakarurama. Pamusoro pezvo, chitarisiko nekusimba kwecheni zvinogona kuongororwa pakutanga nekutarisa nekuona uye kubata nemaoko.

Kunyora nekuongorora: Mushure mekuongorora kwega kwega, mhedzisiro yekuongorora inofanira kunyorwa zvakadzama, kusanganisira chitarisiko, kuomarara, mwero wekupfekwa, matambudziko akawanikwa uye matanho ekurapa cheni. Nekuongorora zvinyorwa zvekuongorora, mamiriro ekushandiswa uye mitemo yekupfekwa kwecheni zvinogona kunzwisiswa, zvichipa hwaro hwekugadzira hurongwa hwekugadzirisa hwakakodzera uye kutenderera kwekutsiva. Semuenzaniso, kana zvikaonekwa kuti cheni inowanzopfekwa kana kukuvara pane imwe nzvimbo, chikonzero chinogona kuongororwa, senge kana chakabatana nenzira yekushanda kwemidziyo, nzvimbo yekuisa cheni kana nzvimbo yekushanda, kuitira kutora matanho anoenderana ekuvandudza.

7.2 Kudzivirira mafuta nengura
Kuzora mafuta nekudzivirira ngura zvinhu zvakakosha pakuchengetedza cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura. Zvinogona kuderedza kupera kwecheni, kuwedzera hupenyu hwecheni, kudzivirira cheni kuti isaite ngura, uye kuona kuti michina yekugadzira chikafu inoshanda zvakanaka uye kuti chikafu chisakuvara.

Kukosha kwekuzora mafuta: Panguva yekushanda kwecheni yesimbi isingatsvi, kukweshana kuchaitika pakati pemaketani ekubatanidza uye pakati pecheni ne sprocket. Kuzora mafuta kunogona kuderedza kukweshana kwecheni uye kuderedza kupfeka kwecheni. Pamusoro pezvo, kuzora mafuta kunogonawo kubvisa kupisa kunokonzerwa necheni panguva yekushanda, zvichidzivirira cheni kuti isakanganiswe kana kukuvara nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya. Muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu, sezvo cheni ichiwanzobata chikafu, zvakakosha kusarudza mafuta anosangana nezvinodiwa zvehutsanana hwechikafu kudzivirira mafuta kuti asasvibise chikafu.

Nzira yekuzora mafuta:

Kuzora nemaoko: Kune mimwe michina midiki kana yakaderera yekugadzira chikafu, kuzora nemaoko kunogona kushandiswa. Shandisa mafuta ekuzora kana mafuta emhando yepamusoro kuisa mafuta aya kumaketani, mapini, macheni echeni nezvimwe zvikamu zvecheni. Munguva yekuisa, iva nechokwadi chekuti mafuta aya akagoverwa zvakaenzana kudzivirira mafuta asina kusimba. Zvakanakira zvekuzora nemaoko ndezvekuti zviri nyore kushandisa uye hazvina mutengo wakaderera, asi zvinoda kuitwa nguva dzose, uye mhedzisiro yekuzora inokanganiswa zvikuru nemushandi.

Sisitimu yekuisa mafuta otomatiki: Pamichina mikuru kana inokurumidza kugadzira chikafu, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa sisitimu yekuisa mafuta otomatiki. Sisitimu yekuisa mafuta otomatiki inogona kupfapfaidza mafuta kune cheni nenguva uye nehuwandu zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushanda kwemidziyo uye zvinodiwa nemafuta echeni. Chinhu chakanaka cheiyi nzira yekuisa mafuta ndechekuti mhedzisiro yekupfapfaidza mafuta yakagadzikana uye yakafanana, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kupera kwecheni uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo. Zvisinei, mari yekuisa nekugadzirisa sisitimu yekuisa mafuta otomatiki yakakwira, uye mashandiro esisitimu yekuisa mafuta anofanirwa kuongororwa nguva nenguva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mafuta anowanikwa zvakakwana uye apfapfaidzwa zvakanaka.

Kusarudzwa kwemafuta ekuzora: Muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu, zvakakosha kusarudza mafuta ekuzora akakodzera. Mafuta ekuzora anofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvehutsanana hwechikafu, asave nechepfu, asinganhuwi, uye asakonzera kusvibiswa kwechikafu. Mafuta ekuzora akajairika emhando yekudya anosanganisira mafuta ekuzora emhando yekudya, mafuta ekuzora, uye mafuta ekuzora akasimba. Mafuta ekuzora emhando yekudya ane kuyerera kwakanaka uye kupinda kwemvura, uye anogona kupinda nekukurumidza muzvikamu zvese zvecheni kuderedza kukweshana nekusakara; mafuta ane hunhu hwakanaka hwekunamatira uye kuvhara, uye anogona kugadzira firimu rekudzivirira pamusoro pecheni kudzivirira cheni kuti isaite ngura nekuda kwekusangana nenzvimbo yekunze; mafuta ekuzora akasimba akadai segraphite nemolybdenum disulfide anogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya, dzine mutoro wakawanda kana dzisina mafuta, asi simba rawo rekuzora harina kunaka uye rinowanzo fanira kushandiswa pamwe chete nemamwe mafuta ekuzora. Pakusarudza mafuta ekuzora, kufungwa kwakazara kunofanirawo kupihwa kune zvinhu zvakaita sekumhanya kwekushanda, tembiricha, uye mutoro wecheni. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya, mafuta ekuzora anodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya anofanira kusarudzwa; Mumidziyo inoshanda nesimba, mafuta anorema zvakanyanya anofanira kusarudzwa

Matanho ekudzivirira ngura:

Kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo: Munguva yekugadzira cheni, nzvimbo yecheni inowanzo penya zvakanaka kuti ivandudze kupenya kwecheni uye kuderedza kuomarara kwenzvimbo yecheni. Nzvimbo yakatsetseka inogona kuderedza nzvimbo yekubatana pakati pecheni nenzvimbo yekunze uye kuderedza njodzi yekuora kwecheni. Pamusoro pezvo, nzvimbo yecheni inogonawo kuputirwa, senge chrome plating, nickel plating, nezvimwewo, kugadzira firimu rekudzivirira kudzivirira cheni kuti isaite ngura. Kugadziriswa kwecheni hakungogone chete kuvandudza kuramba kwecheni, asiwo kuwedzera runako rwecheni.

Kuchenesa nguva dzose: Kuchengetedza pamusoro pecheni yakachena inzira yakakosha yekudzivirira cheni kuti isaite ngura. Panguva yekugadzirisa chikafu, pamusoro pecheni panenge paine zvinhu zvinosvibisa zvakaita semafuta, guruva, uye zvasara zvechikafu. Kana zvinhu izvi zvikasacheneswa nenguva, zvinogona kubereka mabhakitiriya uye kukonzera ngura. Nokudaro, cheni inofanira kucheneswa nguva dzose nemvura inodziya ine sipo kana sipo yemhando yepamusoro yezvekudya kuti ibvise zvinhu zvinosvibisa pamusoro pecheni. Mushure mekuchenesa, inofanira kusukurudzwa nemvura yakachena uye kupukutwa nehair dryer kana jira rakachena rekotoni. Kuchengetedza pamusoro pecheni pakaoma ndiyo kiyi yekudzivirira ngura.

Kuchengetedza zvine mwero: Kana cheni isiri kushandiswa, inofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo ine gasi rakaoma, rine mhepo inofefetera, risingaparadzi. Dzivisa kusvibiswa kwenguva refu kwecheni, kupisa kwakanyanya kana gasi rinoparadza, izvo zvinokurumidzisa ngura yecheni. Kana cheni ichida kuchengetwa kwenguva yakareba, unogona kuisa mafuta ekudzivirira ngura pamusoro pecheni woiputira nepurasitiki kuti cheni isaparadze ngura nekuda kwekusangana nenzvimbo yekunze.

Matanho ekuchengetedza:
Dzivisa kushandisa mafuta ekuzora asina kukodzera: Muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu, zvinorambidzwa zvachose kushandisa mafuta ekuzora asina kukodzera chikafu. Mafuta ekuzora asina kukodzera chikafu anogona kunge aine zvinhu zvinokuvadza, izvo zvinosvibisa chikafu uye zvinokanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu. Kunyangwe munzvimbo dzisingasanganisi chikafu, mafuta ekuzora asina kukodzera chikafu anofanira kudzivirirwa zvakanyanya kudzivirira mafuta ekuzora kuti asatsvedzerere kana kudonhedza mvura munzvimbo dzinosangana chikafu.
Tsiva cheni dzakasakara nenguva: Kana cheni yakasakara zvakanyanya, sepaya panotambanudzwa cheni neanopfuura 3% yehurefu hwepakutanga, kana kana maplate echeni, mapini nezvimwe zvikamu zvecheni zvasakara zviri pachena, zvakakanganisika kana kukuvara, cheni inofanira kutsiviwa nenguva. Kuramba uchishandisa cheni dzakasakara zvakanyanya hakuzongokanganisi kushanda zvakanaka uye kururama kwemidziyo yekugadzira chikafu, asi kunogonawo kukonzera kuti cheni ityoke uye kukonzera tsaona dzekuchengetedza.
Vashandi vekugadzirisa vane hunyanzvi: Kugadziriswa kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura kunofanirwa kuitwa nematekiniki ane hunyanzvi. Vakadzidziswa nehunyanzvi, vanoziva chimiro, mashandiro uye zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa cheni, vanogona kutonga mamiriro echeni nemazvo, uye kutora matanho akakodzera ekugadzirisa. Kana vasiri nyanzvi vachiita kugadzirisa, vanogona kukuvadza cheni kana michina nekuda kwekushanda zvisina kunaka, kana kutokonzera tsaona dzekuchengetedza.