Zvinodiwa zveUnyanzvi paKukuya Kwechain Yepamusoro-Yakanyatsogadzirwa
Muindasitiri yekufambisa zvinhu mumaindasitiri,cheni dzinotendererazvinhu zvakakosha pakufambiswa kwesimba uye kudzora kufamba. Kunyatsorongeka kwavo kunosarudza zvakananga kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina, kugadzikana, uye hupenyu hwebasa. Maitiro ekukuya, danho rekupedzisira mukuvandudza kunyatsorongeka mukugadzira maroller chain, ndiyo nzira huru yekusiyanisa pakati pemaketani akajairwa nemazvo. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvemaroller chain akajairwa, zvichifukidza misimboti yemaitiro, kutonga kwakadzama, mwero wemhando yepamusoro, uye mamiriro ekushandiswa, zvichipa kunzwisisa kwakazara kwetekinoroji iyi yakakosha inotsigira kugadzirwa kwemidziyo yepamusoro.
1. Kukosha Kwakakosha Kwekukuya Kwemarori Akanyatsogadzirwa: Nei Iri "Chinosimbisa" Kururama Kwekutumira Marori
Tisati takurukura zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi, tinofanira kutanga tatsanangura kuti: Sei kukuya kwehunyanzvi kwakakosha kune cheni dzemaroller dzakanyatsogadzirwa? Zvichienzaniswa nenzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira dzakadai sekutenderedza nekukuya, kukuya, nezvakanaka zvakwo zvakasiyana, kwave nzira huru yekuwana kunyatsojeka kwe micron mumaroller chains.
Kubva pamaonero emaindasitiri, kungave mumasisitimu enguva yeinjini mukugadzira mota, madhiraivha ekufambisa emidziyo yemagetsi, kana kutumira simba mumaturusi emuchina wekugadzirisa, zvinodiwa zveroller chain chaiyo zvakachinja kubva padanho remamilimita kuenda padanho remamicron. Kukanganisa kweroller roundness kunofanirwa kudzorwa mukati me5μm, kushivirira kwecheni plate hole kunofanirwa kunge kuri pasi pe3μm, uye pin surface roughness inofanira kusvika Ra0.4μm kana pasi. Izvi zvinodiwa zvakanyatsonaka zvinogona kuwanikwa chete kuburikidza nekukuya.
Kunyanya, kukosha kukuru kwekukuya kwecheni ye roller kwakanyatsogadzirwa kuri munzvimbo nhatu dzakakosha:
Kugona kugadzirisa kukanganisa: Kuburikidza nekucheka vhiri rekukuya nekukurumidza, kushanduka uye kutsauka kwehukuru kunokonzerwa nemaitiro apfuura (akadai sekuumba uye kupisa) zvinobviswa nemazvo, zvichiita kuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chive chakafanana;
Kuvandudza hunhu hwepamusoro: Kukuya zvinobudirira kunoderedza kuomarara kwechikamu chepamusoro, kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwekukweshana panguva yekushanda kwecheni, uye kunowedzera hupenyu hwebasa;
Kuvimbiswa kwekururama kwejiyometri: Kune magadzirirwo akakosha ejometri akadai sekutenderera kweroller uye cylindricity, kutwasuka kwepini, uye kufanana kwechainplate, maitiro ekukuya anowana kurongeka kwekudzora kupfuura mamwe maitiro ekugadzira.
II. Zvinodiwa zveUnyanzvi hweKugadzira Roller Chain zvine Magadzirirwo Akanaka: Kudzora Kwakakwana kubva kuComponent kuenda kuComponent
Maitiro ekukuya cheni yeroller yakanyatsogadzirwa haasi danho rimwe chete; asi, inzira yakarongeka inofukidza zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru: maroller, mapini, uye macheni. Danho rega rega rinotevedzera mitemo yehunyanzvi uye zvinodiwa pakushanda.
(I) Kukuya Maroller: "Hondo yeMakironi" Pakati peKutenderera neKutenderera
Maroller ndiwo akakosha pakusunga macheni eroller nema sprockets. Kutenderera kwawo uye cylindricity yawo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kutsetseka kwema meshing uye kushanda zvakanaka kwe transmission. Panguva yekukuya maroller, zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvinotevera zvinofanirwa kudzorwa nokungwarira:
Kudzora Kururama Kwemativi:
Kukwanisa kushivirira dhayamita yekunze kweroller kunofanirwa kutevedzera GB/T 1243-2006 kana ISO 606. Kune magiredhi akanyatsogadzirwa (semuenzaniso, Giredhi C zvichikwira), kushivirira dhayamita yekunze kunofanirwa kudzorwa mukati me ±0.01mm. Kukuya kunoda maitiro ematanho matatu: kukuya zvisina kunaka, kukuya kwehafu-kupedzisa, uye kukuya kwekupedzisa. Danho rega rega rinoda kuongororwa mumutsara uchishandisa laser diameter gauge kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kutsauka kwemativi kuri mukati mehuwandu hunobvumidzwa. Zvinodiwa zveGeometric Tolerance:
Kutenderera: Kukanganisa kwekutenderera kwemaroller akanyatsogadzirwa kunofanira kunge kuri ≤5μm. Nzvimbo yepakati pemaroller inofanira kushandiswa panguva yekukuya, pamwe chete nekutenderera kwemavhiri ekukuya nekukurumidza (kumhanya kwakatsetseka ≥35m/s) kuderedza mhedzisiro yesimba re centrifugal pakutenderera.
Kureba kweSilinda: Kukanganisa kweSilinda kunofanira kunge kuri ≤8μm. Kugadzirisa kona yekushongedza vhiri rekukuya (kazhinji 1°-3°) kunoita kuti dhayamita yekunze yeroller ive yakatwasuka.
Kuenzana kweChiso Chekupedzisira: Kukanganisa kwekuenzana kwemativi maviri emuchina wekutenderera kunofanira kunge kuri ≤0.01mm. Zvishandiso zvekuisa chiso chekupedzisira zvinofanira kushandiswa panguva yekukuya kudzivirira kutsauka kwemeshi kunokonzerwa nekutsvedza kwechiso chekupedzisira.
Zvinodiwa zveUnhu hwepamusoro:
Dhayamita yekunze yeroller inofanira kunge yakakombama pamusoro peRa 0.4-0.8μm. Zvikanganiso pamusoro zvakaita sekukwenya, kutsva, uye kukura zvinofanirwa kudzivirirwa. Panguva yekukuya, huwandu hwemvura inokwenya (kazhinji 5%-8%) uye kumanikidzwa kwejet (≥0.3MPa) zvinofanirwa kudzorwa kuti zvibvise kupisa kwekukuya nekukurumidza uye kudzivirira kutsva pamusoro. Uyezve, vhiri rekukuya rakatsetseka (semuenzaniso, 80#-120#) rinofanira kushandiswa panguva yekukuya kwakatsetseka kuti rivandudze kupera kwepamusoro.
(II) Kukuya Pini: "Muedzo Wakarurama" weKutwasuka uye Kubatana
Pini ndiyo chinhu chikuru chinobatanidza maplate echeni nemaroller. Kutwasuka kwayo uye kugadzikana kwayo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kuchinjika uye hupenyu hwebasa recheni. Zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvekukuya pini zvinotarisa pane zvinotevera:
Kudzora Kutwasuka:
Kukanganisa kwekutwasuka kwepini kunofanira kuva ≤0.005mm/m. Panguva yekukuya, nzira ye "stable support + double center positioning" inofanira kushandiswa kudzivirira kukanganisika kwekukombama kunokonzerwa nehuremu hwepini pachayo. Kune mapini akareba kupfuura 100mm, kuongororwa kwekutwasuka kunofanirwa kuitwa 50mm yega yega panguva yekukuya kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kutwasuka kwese kunosangana nezvinodiwa. Zvinodiwa zveCoaxiality:
Kukanganisa kwe coaxiality kwemajournals ari kumativi ese epini kunofanira kuva ≤0.008mm. Panguva yekukuya, maburi epakati ari kumativi ese epini anofanira kushandiswa sereferensi (kurongeka kwegomba repakati kunofanira kusangana neClass A muGB/T 145-2001). Vhiri rekukuya rinofanira kusungirirwa uye kuiswa panzvimbo yaro kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti axis yejournals iri kumativi ese iri. Uyezve, kuongororwa kwenzvimbo isina kuvharwa kunofanirwa kuitwa uchishandisa muchina wekuyera we three-dimensional coordinate, nechiyero chekuongorora che5%. Kuoma Kwepamusoro uye Kuenderana Kwekukuya:
Mapini shafts anofanira kupiswa asati apwanywa (kazhinji anopwanywa nekabhoni uye anodzimwa kusvika pakuoma kweHRC 58-62). Maparamita ekupwanywa anofanirwa kugadziriswa zvichienderana nekuomarara:
Kukuya zvisina kunaka: Shandisa vhiri rekukuya rine grit yepakati (60#-80#), dzora kudzika kwekukuya kusvika pa 0.05-0.1mm, uye shandisa feed rate ye10-15mm/min.
Kukuya zvakanaka: Shandisa vhiri rekukuya rakatsetseka (120#-150#), dzora kudzika kwekukuya kusvika pa 0.01-0.02mm, uye shandisa chiyero chekudyisa che5-8mm/min kudzivirira kutsemuka kwepamusoro kana kurasikirwa nekuomarara kunokonzerwa nematanho ekukuya asina kunaka.
(III) Kukuya kweChainplate: Kudzora Kwakadzama kweKururama kweMaburi uye Kusatsetseka
Maketani echain ndiwo musimboti wemaketani anotenderera. Kururama kwemaburi awo uye kusatsetseka kwawo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kurongeka kwekubatanidzwa kwecheni uye kugadzikana kwekutumira. Kukuya kwecheni ndiro kunonyanya kunangana nenzvimbo mbiri dzakakosha: gomba recheni ndiro uye pamusoro pecheni ndiro. Zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi ndeizvi:
Kururama kwegomba rekukuya kwecheni yeplate:
Kushivirira maburi: Kushivirira maburi emaplate echeni akanyatsogadzirwa kunofanirwa kudzorwa mukati meH7 (semuenzaniso, kune gomba re φ8mm, kushivirira kuri +0.015mm kusvika 0mm). Mavhiri ekukuya edhaimani (150#-200# grit) uye spindle inomhanyisa (≥8000 rpm) zvinoshandiswa kuona kuti maburi acho akaenzana.
Kushivirira maburi panzvimbo: Daro repakati pakati pemaburi ari pedyo rinofanira kuva ≤0.01mm, uye kukanganisa kwekumira pakati pegomba axis nepamusoro pecheni yeplate kunofanira kuva ≤0.005mm. Kukuya kunoda maturusi akatsaurirwa uye kutarisa panguva chaiyo uchishandisa CCD vision inspection system.
Zvinodiwa pakukuya pamusoro pechain plate:
Kukanganisa kwekutsetseka kweplate yecheni kunofanira kuva ≤0.003mm/100mm, uye kukweshana kwepamusoro kunofanira kusvika Ra0.8μm. Kukwesha kunoda maitiro e "kukweshana kwemativi maviri". Kutenderera kwakabatana (kumhanya kwemutsara ≥ 40 m/s) uye kudyirwa kwemavhiri ekukwesha ekumusoro neapasi kunoita kuti pave nekuenzana uye kutsetseka kumativi ese echeni. Uyezve, kumanikidzwa kwekukweshana (kazhinji 0.2-0.3 MPa) kunofanirwa kudzorwa kudzivirira kuchinjika kwecheni nekuda kwesimba risina kuenzana.
III. Kudzora Maitiro Ekugadzira Roller Chain Grinding Yakanyatsogadzirwa: Kuvimbisa Kwakazara Kubva Kumidziyo Kuenda Kuhutungamiriri
Kuti zvizadziswe zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi izvi zvakaoma, kungoisa maparamita ekugadzirisa hazvina kukwana. Sisitimu yakazara yekudzora maitiro, inosanganisira kusarudzwa kwemidziyo, dhizaini yematurusi, kutarisa maparamita, uye kuongororwa kwemhando, inofanirawo kugadzirwa.
(I) Kusarudzwa kweMidziyo: "Hwaro hweHardware" hwekukuya zvine hungwaru
Sarudzo yeMuchina weKukuya: Sarudza muchina weCNC wekukuya wakanyatsogadzirwa (kunyatsorongeka kwekuisa ≤ 0.001mm, kudzokororwa ≤ 0.0005mm), senge Junker (Germany) kana Okamoto (Japan). Iva nechokwadi chekuti kunyatsorongeka kwemuchina kunosangana nezvinodiwa pakugadzirisa.
Kusarudza Mavhiri Ekukuya: Sarudza rudzi rwevhiri rekukuya rakakodzera zvichienderana nezvinhu zviri muchikamu (kazhinji 20CrMnTi kana 40Cr) uye zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, vhiri rekukuya re corundum rinoshandiswa pakukuya ma roller, vhiri rekukuya re silicon carbide rinoshandiswa pakukuya mapini, uye vhiri rekukuya re diamond rinoshandiswa pakukuya maburi e chainplate.
Kugadziriswa kweMidziyo Yekuyedza: Midziyo yekuyedza yakanyatsogadzirwa yakaita se laser diameter gauge, muchina wekuyera une mativi matatu, surface roughness tester, uye roundness tester zvinodiwa kuti zvisanganisirwe online ne offline spot checks panguva yekugadzirisa. (II) Kugadzira Zvishandiso: "Rutsigiro Runokosha" rweKunyatsojeka uye Kugadzikana
Zvishandiso zvekuisa zvinhu panzvimbo: Gadzirai zvishandiso zvemaroller, mapini, uye cheni. Semuenzaniso, maroller anoshandisa zvishandiso zvekuisa zvinhu pakati nepakati, mapini anoshandisa zvishandiso zvekutsigira furemu yepakati, uye cheni dzinoshandisa zvishandiso zvekuisa maburi. Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nenzvimbo chaiyo uye hapana kutamba panguva yekukuya.
Zvishandiso zveClamping: Shandisa nzira dzinochinjika dzeClamping (dzakadai sePneumatic kana hydraulic clamping) kudzora simba reClamping (kazhinji 0.1-0.2 MPa) kudzivirira kushanduka kwechikamu kunokonzerwa nesimba rakawandisa reClamping. Uyezve, nzvimbo dzezvishandiso dzinofanira kupukutwa nguva dzose (kusvika pakukora kweRa 0.4 μm kana pasi) kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yacho yakarurama. (III) Kutarisa Parameter: "Dynamic Guarantee" neReal-Time Adjustment
Kutarisa Maitiro Ekugadzirisa: Sisitimu yeCNC inotarisa maparamita akakosha akadai sekumhanya kwekukuya, mwero wekudyisa, kudzika kwekukuya, huwandu hwemvura yekukuya, uye tembiricha munguva chaiyo. Kana chero paramita ikadarika huwandu hwakatarwa, sisitimu inoburitsa alarm yega uye inodzima muchina kudzivirira zvigadzirwa zvisina kunaka.
Kudzora Tembiricha: Kupisa kunokonzerwa nekukuya ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekushanduka kwezvikamu uye kutsva kwenzvimbo. Kudzora tembiricha kunodiwa kuburikidza nenzira dzinotevera:
Sisitimu Yokukuya Mvura Inoyerera: Shandisa mvura inoyerera ine simba rekutonhodza (senge emulsion kana mvura inoyerera yakagadzirwa) ine mudziyo wekutonhodza kuti uchengetedze tembiricha ye20-25°C.
Kukuya Nguva Nenguva: Kune zvinhu zvinowanzo gadzirwa nekupisa (senge mapini), nzira yekukuya nguva nenguva ye "kukuya-kutonhodza-kukuyazve" inoshandiswa kudzivirira kuungana kwekupisa. (IV) Kuongorora Hunhu: "Mutsetse Wekupedzisira wekudzivirira" wekuwana kunyatsojeka
Kuongorora Pamhepo: Mageji eLaser dhayamita, masisitimu ekuongorora eCCD, nezvimwe zvishandiso zvinoiswa pedyo nenzvimbo yekugaya kuti zviongorore nguva chaiyo saizi yezvikamu uye chimiro nenzvimbo. Zvikamu zvine hunyanzvi chete ndizvo zvinogona kuenderera mberi nemaitiro anotevera.
Kuongororwa kweKuenzanisa Kunze Kwemhepo: 5%-10% yezvigadzirwa zvese zvinoongororwa kunze kwemhepo uchishandisa muchina wekuyera wekubatanidza (CMM) kuti utarise zviratidzo zvakakosha zvakaita sekushivirira maburi uye coaxiality, muyedzi wekutenderera kuti uone kutenderera kweroller, uye muyedzi wekukombama kwepamusoro kuti utarise mhando yenzvimbo.
Zvinodiwa Zvekuongorora Zvakakwana: Kune cheni dzemaroller dzakanyatsonaka dzinoshandiswa mumidziyo yepamusoro-soro (senge maturusi emuchina wendege nemazvo), kuongororwa kwakazara kwe100% kunodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti chikamu chega chega chinosangana nekururama kunodiwa.
IV. Maitiro Ekushandisa uye Mafambiro Eramangwana eTekinoroji Yekukuya Yemaroller Chain Yakanyatsogadzirwa
(I) Maitiro Akajairika Ekushandisa
Macheni anotenderera akanyatsogadzirwa zvakanaka, ane kunyatsorongeka kwawo uye kugadzikana, ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzine zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvekutumira:
Indasitiri yeMotokari: Maketani enguva yeinjini nemaketani ekutumira zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutsungirira kumhanya kwakanyanya (≥6000 rpm) uye kukanganiswa kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti kudiwa kukuru kuve kwakatenderera kweroller uye kutwasuka kwepini;
Smart Logistics: Midziyo yekuronga otomatiki uye masisitimu ekutakura zvinhu mudura repamusoro anoda kudzora kumhanya kwakaringana uye nzvimbo chaiyo. Kururama kwegomba remacheni eplate uye roller cylindricity zvinokanganisa zvakananga kugadzikana kwekushanda;
Zvishandiso zveMuchina Wakakodzera: Madhiraivha espindle uye masisitimu ekudyara ezvishandiso zveCNC zvinoda kudzora kufamba kwe micron-level. Kubatana kwepini uye kutsetseka kweplate yecheni zvakakosha pakuona kuti kutumirwa kwacho kwakarurama.
(II) Mafambiro Etekinoroji Yeramangwana
Nekufambira mberi kweIndustry 4.0 uye kugadzira zvinhu zvakangwara, maitiro ekukuya maroller chain ane magadzirirwo akanyatsonaka ari kukura munzira dzinotevera:
Kugadzira michina zvine hungwaru: Kuunza masisitimu ekuongorora zvinoonekwa anoshandisa AI kuti aone otomatiki mativi ezvikamu uye mhando yenzvimbo, zvichiita kuti zvigadziriswe uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira michina uye kugara kwenguva refu;
Kukuya kwegirini: Kugadzira zvinwiwa zvekukuya zvine hushamwari kune nharaunda (zvakadai sezvinwiwa zvinoora) pamwe chete nemasisitimu ekusefa anoshanda zvakanaka kuderedza kusvibiswa kwenharaunda; Panguva imwe chete, kushandisa tekinoroji yekukuya ine tembiricha yakaderera kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba;
Kukuya kwakasanganiswa: Kubatanidza maitiro ekukuya emaroller, mapini, nemaplate echeni mu "one-stop" composite process, uchishandisa michina yekukuya yeCNC ine axis yakawanda kuderedza zvikanganiso zvekuisa pakati pemaitiro uye kuwedzera kuvandudza kunyatsorongeka kwese.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-29-2025