Hunhu hweMagadzirirwo eMaketani Anotenderera Kaviri
Muchikamu chekutakura zvinhu nemaindasitiri, macheni anotenderera kaviri, nekuda kwekugona kwawo kuchinjika kure kure uye kurasikirwa nemutoro kwakaderera, ave zvinhu zvakakosha mumichina yekurima, kutakura zvinhu mumigodhi, uye michina yeindasitiri yakapfava. Kusiyana nemacheni anotenderera, dhizaini yavo yakasiyana inosarudza kugadzikana kwavo uye kushanda kwavo zvakanaka padaro refu. Chinyorwa chino chichapa ongororo yakadzama yehunhu hwehumiro hwecheni dzinotenderera mbirikubva pamaonero matatu: ongororo yepakati yechimiro, pfungwa dzekugadzira, uye hukama hwekushanda, zvichipa ruzivo rwehunyanzvi rwekusarudza, kushandisa, uye kugadzirisa.
I. Kuongorora Chimiro Chesimbi Yesimbi Yesimbi Yakakandwa Kaviri
"Kupidigura kaviri" kwecheni inotenderera kaviri kunoreva daro riri pakati pecheni (daro kubva pakati pepini kusvika pakati pepini iri pedyo) rinopetwa kaviri kupfuura cheni inotenderera yakajairika. Musiyano mukuru wekugadzira uyu unotungamira kukugadzirwa kwakasiyana kwezvikamu zvina zvikuru zvekuvaka zvinotevera, izvo pamwe chete zvinobatsira pakushanda kwazvo.
1. MaChain Links: Chishandiso cheDrive che "Longer Pitch + Simplified Assembly"
Kugadzira Pitch: Kushandisa pitch kaviri kupfuura cheni yakajairwa inotenderera (semuenzaniso, pitch yakajairwa ye12.7mm inoenderana nepitch yakajairwa ye25.4mm). Izvi zvinoderedza huwandu hwese hwemaketani ehurefu hwakafanana hwekutumira, zvichideredza huremu hweketani uye kuoma kwekuisa.
Kuungana: Chigadziko chimwe chete chekutyaira chine "maplate maviri ekunze ekubatanidza + maplate maviri emukati ekubatanidza + seti imwe yemabhurashi anotenderera," pane "seti imwe yemaplate ekubatanidza papitch imwe neimwe" inowanzoitwa necheni dzemazuva ose. Izvi zvinoita kuti huwandu hwezvikamu huve nyore uku uchivandudza kugadzikana kwekutakura mutoro papitch imwe neimwe.
2. Maroller neBushings: "Yakakodzera Zvakanyanya" Kuderedza Kudhonzwa
Zvinhu Zvinotenderera: Zvizhinji zvakagadzirwa nesimbi isina kabhoni yakawanda (semuenzaniso, simbi ye10#) iyo inogadziriswa nekabhoni uye inodzima, zvichiita kuti kuoma kwenzvimbo yeHRC58-62 kuve nechokwadi chekuti haipfeki kana ichishandiswa ne sprocket. Simbi isina ngura kana mapurasitiki einjiniya anogona kushandiswa kudzivirira ngura mune mamwe mashandisirwo anorema. Dhizaini yeSleeve: Sleeve neroller zvine nzvimbo yekubvisa (0.01-0.03mm), nepo gomba remukati nepini zvine nzvimbo yekupinda. Izvi zvinogadzira chimiro chekuderedza kudhonzwa kwematanho matatu: "kugadzika kwepini + kutenderera kwesleeve + kutenderera kweroller." Izvi zvinoderedza coefficient yekukweshana kwekutumira kusvika ku0.02-0.05, yakaderera zvakanyanya pane kukweshana kunotsvedza.
3. Maplate eCheni: "Upamhi hwakafara + Zvinhu zvakakora" zvekutsigira tambo
Dhizaini Yekunze: Maplate ekunze neemukati anoshandisa chimiro chakafara che "rectangular", chakafara 15%-20% kupfuura cheni dzemazuva ano dzine chimiro chimwe chete. Izvi zvinoparadzira kumanikidzwa kwe radial panguva yekubatana kwe sprocket uye zvinodzivirira kupera kwemucheto weplate yecheni.
Kusarudzwa Kweukobvu: Zvichienderana nechiyero chemutoro, ukobvu hweplate yecheni hunowanzova 3-8mm (zvichienzaniswa ne2-5mm yemacheni akajairwa). Yakagadzirwa nesimbi ine simba guru rekabhoni (senge 40MnB) kuburikidza nekudzima nekudziya, maplate echeni anowana simba rekudhonza re800-1200 MPa, zvichizadzisa zvinodiwa zvemutoro wekudhonza wenguva refu.
4. Pin: Kiyi yekubatanidza "dhayamita yakatetepa + chikamu chakareba"
Dhizaini yedhayamita: Nekuda kwehurefu hwepini, dhayamita yepini idiki zvishoma pane yecheni yakajairwa ine chimiro chimwe chete (semuenzaniso, dhayamita yepini yakajairwa yecheni i7.94mm, nepo dhayamita yepini yecheni ine pini mbiri iri 6.35mm). Zvisinei, kureba kwacho kwakapetwa kaviri, zvichiita kuti pave nekubatana kwakasimba pakati pezvisungo zviri pedyo kunyangwe nehupamhi hwakakura.
Kugadziriswa Kwepamusoro: Pamusoro pepini pakafukidzwa nechrome kana kuti phosphate ine ukobvu hwe5-10μm. Kuputira uku kunowedzera kuramba kwengura uye kunoderedza kukweshana kunotsvedza nebore remukati meruoko, zvichiita kuti kuneta kuwedzere (kunowanzosvika maawa 1000-2000 ehupenyu hwekutumira).
II. Kubatana Kukuru Pakati Pekugadzirwa Kwechivakwa Nekushanda: Sei cheni ine mativi maviri yakakodzera ma "long-span transmissions"?
Magadzirirwo echeni ye "double-pitch roller chain" anopfuura kungowedzera saizi. Asi, anotarisa zvinodiwa zvikuru zve "long center-to-center transmission" uye anozadzisa zvinangwa zvitatu zvakakosha zve "kudzikira kwehuremu, kudzikira kwekudhonza, uye mutoro wakagadzikana." Pfungwa chaiyo yekubatanidza ndeiyi inotevera:
1. Dhizaini refu → Kurema kwecheni kwakaderedzwa uye mari yekuisa
Padanho rimwe chete rekutumirwa kwemashoko, cheni ine ma "double-pitch" ine hafu yehuwandu hwema "links" secheni yakajairika. Semuenzaniso, padanho rekutumirwa kwemashoko remamita gumi, cheni yakajairika (12.7mm pitch) inoda ma "links" mazana manomwe nemakumi masere nenomwe, nepo cheni ine ma "double-pitch" (25.4mm pitch) ichida ma "links" mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nematatu chete, zvichideredza huremu hwecheni neanenge 40%.
Kurema uku kwakaderedzwa kunoderedza zvakananga "mutoro wepamusoro" wesystem yekutumira, kunyanya mumamiriro ekutumira akamira kana akatsamira (senge elevators). Izvi zvinoderedza mutoro wemota uye zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba (kuchengetedza simba kwakayerwa kwe8%-12%).
2. Mapuranga Akafara + Mapini Akasimba → Kugadzikana KwepaSpan Kwakavandudzwa
Muma "long-span transmissions" (semuenzaniso, pakati pe "long-span" inodarika mamita mashanu), cheni dzinogona kutsvedza nekuda kwehuremu hwadzo. Ma "chainplates" akafara anowedzera nzvimbo yekubatana ne "sprocket" (30% yakakura kupfuura cheni dzemazuva ese), zvichideredza "runout" panguva ye "entry" (runout" inodzorwa kusvika mukati me 0.5mm).
Mapini marefu, pamwe chete nekubatana kwechinhu chinopindira, anodzivirira macheni kuti asasununguke panguva yekutumira magiya anomhanya zvakanyanya (≤300 rpm), zvichiita kuti kutumirwa kwemagiya kuve kwakarurama (kukanganisa kwekutumira ≤0.1mm/mita).
3. Kuderedza Kudhonza Kwematatu → Yakakodzera Kumhanya Kwakaderera uye Kurarama Nguva Refu
Maketani ane mapitch maviri anonyanya kushandiswa mumagetsi ane speed yakaderera (kazhinji ≤300 rpm, zvichienzaniswa ne1000 rpm yemaketani akajairwa). Chimiro che roller-bushing-pin chine layer nhatu chinoparadzira zvinobudirira static friction nekumhanya kwakaderera, zvichidzivirira kusakara kwezvikamu zvisati zvasvika nguva. Data rekuongororwa kwemunda rinoratidza kuti mumichina yekurima (yakadai se conveyor chain ye combine harvester), macheni ane mapitch maviri anogona kushanda ka1.5-2 kupfuura macheni akajairwa, zvichideredza nguva yekugadzirisa.
III. Hunhu Hwakawedzerwa hweMagadzirirwo: Kusarudzwa uye Kugadziriswa Zvinhu Zvikuru zveMaketani Anotenderera Akapetwa Kaviri
Zvichibva pane zvataurwa pamusoro apa, kusarudzwa kwakanangana nekugadzirisa zvinodiwa mumashandisirwo chaiwo kuti zviwedzere kunaka kwekushanda kwazvo.
1. Sarudzo: Kufananidza Maparamita Ekuvaka Zvichibva pa "Kureba Kwenzvimbo Yekutumira + Rudzi Rwemutoro"
Kune daro repakati rinodarika mamita mashanu, cheni dzine double-pitch dzinofarirwa kudzivirira matambudziko akaomarara ekuisa uye ekudonha anokonzerwa necheni dzemazuva ano nekuda kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwezvinobatanidza.
Pakutakura zvinhu zviri nyore (zvisingapfuure 500N), maplate matete echeni (3-4mm) ane maroller epurasitiki anogona kushandiswa kuderedza mitengo. Pakutakura zvinhu zvinorema (zvinopfuura 1000N), maplate echeni makobvu (6-8mm) ane maroller ane carburised anokurudzirwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti simba rekusunga.
2. Kugadzirisa: Tarisa pa "Nzvimbo Dzinokakavadzana + Kusagadzikana" Kuti Urarame Nguva Yakareba.
Kuzora Nguva Dzose: Maawa makumi mashanu ega ega ekushanda, isa mafuta e-lithium-based (Type 2#) mumukana uri pakati peroller nebushing kudzivirira kupera kwebushing kunokonzerwa nekukweshana kwakaoma.
Kuongororwa Kwekuneta: Nekuti mapitch marefu anowanzo kurebesa, gadzirisa tensioner maawa ese zana ekushanda kuti cheni isamire mukati me1% yedaro repakati (semuenzaniso, kune daro repakati remamita gumi, sag ≤ 100mm) kudzivirira kupatsanurwa kubva pa sprocket.
Mhedziso: Chimiro Chinosarudza Kukosha. "Kubatsira Kwenguva Refu" Kwemacheni Anotenderera Maviri Kunobva Mukugadzirwa Kwakakwana.
Magadzirirwo emaketani e "double-pitch roller chains" anonyatso gadzirisa kudiwa kwe "long-center-distance transmission" - kuderedza uremu kuburikidza ne "pitch" refu, kuvandudza kugadzikana kuburikidza nema "wide link plates" nemapini ane simba guru, uye kuwedzera hupenyu kuburikidza ne "three-layer drag-reducing structure". Ingave iri kutakurwa kwemichina yekurima kure kana kutakurwa kwemichina yekuchera nekumhanya kushoma, kuenderana kwakadzama kwechimiro chayo uye mashandiro ayo kunoita kuti ive chinhu chisingatsiviwi che "transmission" mumunda wemaindasitiri.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-13-2025