Kushanda kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura munzvimbo dzakanyorova

Kushanda kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura munzvimbo dzakanyorova
Mumashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana emaindasitiri nemabhizimisi, cheni dzakakosha pakutumira nekutumira, uye mashandiro adzo uye kugara kwenguva refu kwakakosha. Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakanyorova nekuda kwehunhu hwadzo hwakasiyana, zvichiita kuti dzive sarudzo yekutanga mumamiriro mazhinji ekushanda akaomarara. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora zvakadzama mashandiro echeni dzesimbi dzisina ngura munzvimbo dzakanyorova, kusanganisira kuramba kwadzo ngura, simba radzo, nzvimbo dzekushandisa, uye kugadzirisa.

1. Kuramba ngura kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura
Chinhu chikuru chinogadzirwa nesimbi isina ngura isimbi isina ngura, iyo inowanzo kuve nezvinhu zvakaita sechromium ne nickel, izvo zvinoita kuti simbi isina ngura irambe yakasimba. Munzvimbo ine mvura, cheni dzesimbi dzekabhoni dzinoita ngura nyore nyore nemvura neokisijeni, zvichiita kuti mashandiro echeni awedzere kuipa kana kutotyoka. Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinogona kuramba ngura iyi, dzichichengetedza kusimba kwenzvimbo dzadzo uye kugadzikana kwekushanda kwadzo.

(I) Nheyo yekudzivirira ngura
Kudzivirira ngura kwesimbi isingatsvi kunonyanya kubva mufirimu re chromium oxide rakakora rinoumbwa pamusoro payo. Firimu iri rinogona kuparadzanisa mvura neokisijeni zvinobudirira uye kudzivirira zvimwe zviitiko zve oxidation. Firimu iri rinogona kuramba rakagadzikana kunyangwe munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, nokudaro richidzivirira cheni kubva mukuora.

(II) Kuramba ngura kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvesimbi isina ngura
Simbi isina ngura ine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakaita se304, 316, 321, nezvimwewo, uye kuramba ngura kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe kwakasiyana. Simbi isina ngura ye304 ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa, ine kuramba ngura kwakanaka, yakakodzera nzvimbo zhinji dzine hunyoro. Simbi isina ngura ye316 inoshanda zviri nani munzvimbo dzine chloride ions, dzakadai senzvimbo dzegungwa kana nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dzine munyu. Simbi isina ngura ye321 ine kuramba ngura kwakanyanya uye yakakodzera nzvimbo dzine kupisa kwakanyanya uye hunyoro.

II. Simba uye kuramba kupfeka kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura
Pamusoro pekudzivirira ngura, cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzine simba rakawanda uye dzinodzivirira kupfeka zvakanaka. Izvi zvinodzibvumira kutsungirira mitoro mikuru uye kukweshana kwenguva refu munzvimbo dzine hunyoro pasina kukanganisika kana kupera simba zviri nyore.

(I) Simba guru
Simba remacheni esimbi isina ngura rinonyanya kubva pakuomarara kwezvinhu zvavo uye tekinoroji yakanaka yekugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, maitiro ekugadzira musoro unotonhora anogona kuita kuti zvikamu zvakasiyana zvecheni zvive nesimba rakawanda uye kuomarara, nokudaro zvichivandudza simba rekusunga cheni. Izvi zvinogonesa cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura kuti dzikwanise kumira kumanikidzwa kukuru munzvimbo dzine hunyoro uye hazvisi nyore kutyoka.

(II) Kusapfeka zvakanaka
Kusapera kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekuomarara uye kutsvedzerera kwenzvimbo dzadzo. Nzvimbo ine kuoma kwakanyanya inogona kuderedza kukweshana uye kuderedza mwero wekupfekwa. Pamusoro pezvo, cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinowanzo gadziriswa pamusoro panguva yekugadzira, senge kupolisha kana kuputira, kuti dziwedzere kuvandudza kusapera kwadzo.

III. Kushandiswa kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura munzvimbo dzine hunyoro
Kuramba ngura uye simba guru recheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura zvinoita kuti dzishandiswe zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzine hunyoro. Dzinotevera ndidzo nzvimbo dzakajairika dzekushandisa:

(I) Indasitiri yekugadzira chikafu
Muindasitiri yekugadzira chikafu, hutsanana nekuchena zvakakosha. Cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura hadzingogumiri pangura chete, asiwo dziri nyore kuchenesa nekuuraya utachiona, uye dzinosangana nezvinodiwa zvehutsanana hwechikafu. Dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumabhande ekutakura chikafu, mitsetse yekuwachisa, michina yekurongedza, nezvimwewo. Semuenzaniso, mumitsetse yekugadzira nyama, cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinogona kushanda kwenguva yakareba munzvimbo ine hunyoro uye ine sipo isina ngura kana kusvibisa chikafu.

(II) Indasitiri yemakemikari
Nzvimbo dzakawanda muindasitiri yemakemikari dzinoparadza zvakanyanya, dzakadai semaacid, alkalis, munyu, nezvimwewo. Maketani esimbi isina ngura anogona kuramba kukanganiswa nemakemikari aya uye akakodzera masisitimu ekutumira nekutumira michina yemakemikari. Semuenzaniso, mumudziyo wekukurunga we reactor yemakemikari, maketani esimbi isina ngura anogona kushanda munzvimbo ine hunyoro uye ine ngura kwenguva yakareba, zvichiita kuti michina ishande zvakanaka.

(III) Uinjiniya hwezvikepe
Hunyoro hwakawanda uye munyu mugungwa zvinoparadza zvakanyanya zvinhu zvesimbi. Maketani esimbi asina ngura anoshanda zvakanaka muinjiniya yegungwa uye akakodzera ngarava, midziyo yechiteshi, mapuratifomu egungwa, nezvimwewo. Semuenzaniso, macheni esimbi asina ngura anogona kushandiswa pakurodha nekuburitsa zvinhu pachiteshi, uye anogona kuramba achishanda zvakanaka kunyangwe mvura yegungwa nemunyu uchipfapfaidza.

(IV) Indasitiri yeKurapa Mvura
Maketani ari munzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura anofanira kushanda mumvura kwenguva yakareba, uye macheni esimbi isina ngura isarudzo yakanaka. Haangogumiri pakurasika ngura chete, asiwo anokwanisa kushanda pasi pemvura kwenguva yakareba, uye akakodzera michina yekuchenesa tsvina, mapombi emvura, masisitimu ekusefa, nezvimwewo. Semuenzaniso, musystem yekufambisa tsvina yefekitori yekuchenesa tsvina, macheni esimbi isina ngura anogona kudzivirira kuputsika kwemakemikari netupukanana mutsvina, zvichiita kuti system ishande zvakanaka.

IV. Kugadziriswa kwecheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura munzvimbo dzine hunyoro
Kunyangwe cheni dzesimbi dzisina ngura dziine simba rakawanda rekudzivirira ngura, dzichiri kuda kugadziriswa zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine hunyoro kuti dzirambe dzakareba uye dzirambe dzichishanda zvakanaka.

(i) Kuchenesa nguva dzose
Munzvimbo ine hunyoro, pamusoro pecheni yesimbi isingatsvinda panogona kunyorova, guruva netsvina. Kuchenesa nguva dzose kunogona kubvisa tsvina iyi uye kudzivirira kuti isasanganiswe neketani. Pakuchenesa, unogona kushandisa jira rakapfava uye sipo isina kusimba, uye kudzivirira kushandisa sipo dzine acid, alkali kana chlorine kudzivirira kukuvadza chromium oxide film pamusoro pecheni.

(ii) Kuzora mafuta
Kuzora mafuta zvakanaka kunogona kuderedza kukweshana kwecheni uye kuderedza kupera kwayo. Munzvimbo ine hunyoro, unofanirwa kusarudza mafuta anoshanda zvakanaka asingapindi mvura, akadai semafuta ekuzora anodziya zvakanyanya kana mafuta emhando yepamusoro. Paunenge uchizora mafuta, iva nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvese zvecheni zvakaputirwa zvakaenzana nemafuta ekuzora kuti mafuta asarasike.

(iii) Kuongorora nekutsiva
Gara uchitarisa kana cheni yesimbi isina ngura yapera uye dzorera zvikamu zvakakuvara nenguva. Paunenge uchitarisa, nyatsotarisa kuti cheni yacho yapera sei, maroller, maplate echeni nezvimwe zvikamu, pamwe nekusimba kwecheni yacho. Kana cheni yacho ikaonekwa kuti yapera kana kuti yaora, inofanira kutsiviwa nenguva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti michina yacho inoshanda zvakanaka.

V. Mhedziso
Maketani esimbi isina ngura anoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine hunyoro uye anodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya, ane simba rakawanda uye anodzivirira kupfeka zvakanaka. Anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akadai sekugadzira chikafu, indasitiri yemakemikari, mainjiniya emugungwa uye kugadziriswa kwemvura, uye anogona kusangana nezvinodiwa nemamiriro akasiyana-siyana ekushanda akaomarara. Nekugadzirisa kwakakodzera, senge kuchenesa nguva dzose, kukwiza mafuta uye kuongororwa, hupenyu hwebasa remaketani esimbi isina ngura hunogona kuwedzerwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti michina inoshanda zvakanaka. Naizvozvo, maketani esimbi isina ngura akakodzera kutapurirana uye kutakura zvinhu munzvimbo dzine hunyoro uye anofanirwa kukurudzirwa zvakanyanya uye kushandiswa mumabasa akasiyana-siyana ane chekuita nazvo.