Kev Sib Raug Zoo Ntawm Kev Xaiv Qhov Siab thiab Kev Ceev ntawm Cov Menyuam Saw
Hauv cov tshuab xa khoom lag luam, qhov siab thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov saw hlau yog cov yam tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev xa khoom, lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Muaj ntau tus engineers thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav khoom, uas tsom mus rau qhov muaj peev xwm thauj khoom ntau dhau thaum xaiv, feem ntau tsis quav ntsej txog qhov sib phim ntawm ob yam no. Qhov no ua rau cov saw hlau puas thiab tawg ua ntej lub sijhawm, thiab txawm tias tag nrho cov kab ntau lawm tsis ua haujlwm. Tsab xov xwm no yuav piav qhia txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov siab thiab qhov ceev, muab cov txheej txheem xaiv tau zoo los pab koj xaiv cov saw hlau zoo tshaj plaws rau ntau yam kev ua haujlwm.
I. Nkag Siab Ob Lub Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb: Lub Txhais thiab Lub Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb ntawm Kev Ua Suab thiab Kev Ceev
Ua ntej yuav tshuaj xyuas qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob qho no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum piav qhia txog cov lus txhais yooj yim - qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj qhov yuam kev xaiv. Txawm hais tias siv ANSI (American Standard), ISO (International Standard), lossis GB (National Standard) cov saw hlau, qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm lub suab thiab qhov ceev tseem zoo ib yam.
1. Qhov Siab ntawm Cov Hlau Rau Cov Menyuam: Txheeb Xyuas "Qhov Muaj Peev Xwm Thauj Khoom" thiab "Kev Ua Haujlwm du"
Qhov siab (Pitch) yog qhov loj ntawm cov saw hlau, uas yog hais txog qhov deb ntawm ob lub voj hlau uas nyob ib sab (qhia los ntawm lub cim "p" thiab feem ntau ntsuas ua hli lossis nti). Nws txiav txim siab ncaj qha ob yam ntxwv ntawm cov saw hlau:
Lub Peev Xwm Thauj Khoom: Lub suab loj dua feem ntau ua rau muaj cov khoom loj dua xws li cov phaj thiab cov koob, thiab lub nra hnyav dua (ob qho tib si static thiab dynamic) uas tuaj yeem nqa tau, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov hnyav (xws li cov tshuab mining thiab cov khoom siv thauj khoom hnyav).
Kev Khiav Kom du: Lub suab me dua yuav txo qhov "feeb sib tsoo" thaum cov saw hlau sib txuas nrog lub sprocket, ua rau muaj kev co thiab suab nrov tsawg dua thaum kis. Qhov no ua rau nws tsim nyog dua rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ruaj khov siab (xws li cov cuab yeej siv tshuab precision thiab cov khoom siv ntim khoom noj).
2. Kev Ceev Tig: Txheeb Xyuas "Kev Nyuaj Siab Dynamic" thiab "Kev Hnav Rate"
Qhov ceev ntawm kev tig ntawm no yog hais txog qhov ceev ntawm lub sprocket tsav uas lub saw txuas nrog (qhia los ntawm lub cim "n" thiab feem ntau ntsuas hauv r / min), tsis yog qhov ceev ntawm qhov kawg tsav. Nws qhov cuam tshuam rau lub saw feem ntau pom tseeb hauv ob qho:
Kev ntxhov siab dynamic: Qhov ceev siab dua, qhov loj dua lub zog centrifugal tsim los ntawm cov saw hlau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov no kuj ua rau muaj "kev cuam tshuam hnyav" thaum cov saw hlau txuas cov mesh nrog cov hniav sprocket (zoo ib yam li qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub tsheb hla lub pob ceev ntawm kev ceev ceev).
Kev hnav khaub ncaws: Qhov ceev dua, qhov ntau zaus ntawm cov saw hlau sib txuas nrog lub sprocket thiab qhov kev sib hloov ntawm cov rollers thiab pins nce ntxiv. Tag nrho cov kev hnav khaub ncaws hauv tib lub sijhawm nce ntxiv raws li qhov sib piv, ncaj qha ua rau lub neej kev pabcuam luv dua.
II. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus "Kev sib phim rov qab" ntawm lub suab thiab qhov ceev
Kev siv dav dav hauv kev lag luam tau lees paub tias qhov siab thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov saw hlau muaj kev sib raug zoo "kev sib phim rov qab" - uas yog, qhov ceev siab dua, qhov siab dua yuav tsum me dua, thaum qhov ceev qis dua, qhov siab dua tuaj yeem ua tau. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm txoj cai no yog kom sib npaug "qhov yuav tsum tau thauj khoom" nrog "kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ntxhov siab dynamic." Qhov no tuaj yeem faib ua peb qhov ntev:
1. Kev ua haujlwm ceev ceev (feem ntau n > 1500 r/min): Lub suab me me yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Thaum lub zog tsav sprocket ceev tshaj 1500 r / min (xws li hauv cov kiv cua thiab cov tsav tsheb me me), qhov kev ntxhov siab dynamic thiab lub zog centrifugal ntawm cov saw hlau nce ntxiv dramatically. Kev siv cov saw hlau loj-suab hauv qhov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem ua rau ob qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb:
Kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau: Cov saw hlau loj muaj cov txuas loj dua, ua rau thaj chaw sib cuag ntau dua thiab lub zog cuam tshuam nrog cov hniav sprocket thaum lub sijhawm sib txuas. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau "kev dhia txuas" lossis "kev tawg hniav sprocket" ntawm kev kub ceev.
Lub zog centrifugal ua rau lub slack: Cov saw hlau loj muaj qhov hnyav dua, thiab lub zog centrifugal tsim tawm ntawm qhov ceev ceev tuaj yeem ua rau cov saw hlau tawm ntawm cov hniav sprocket, ua rau "chain poob" lossis "drive slip." Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv sib tsoo. Yog li ntawd, rau cov ntawv thov ceev ceev, cov saw hlau nrog lub suab ntawm 12.7mm (1/2 nti) lossis tsawg dua feem ntau raug xaiv, xws li ANSI # 40 thiab # 50 series, lossis ISO 08B thiab 10B series.
2. Kev siv ceev nruab nrab (feem ntau 500 r/min < n ≤ 1500 r/min): Xaiv lub suab nruab nrab.
Cov ntawv thov ceev nruab nrab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam (xws li cov khoom siv thauj khoom, cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, thiab cov tshuab ua liaj ua teb). Qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau thauj khoom thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom du yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Rau cov khoom thauj nruab nrab (xws li cov khoom siv thauj khoom sib dua nrog lub zog ntsuas ntawm 10kW lossis tsawg dua), cov saw hlau nrog lub suab ntawm 12.7mm txog 19.05mm (1/2 nti txog 3/4 nti) raug pom zoo, xws li ANSI # 60 thiab # 80 series. Rau cov khoom thauj siab dua (xws li cov cuab yeej tshuab nruab nrab nrog lub zog ntsuas ntawm 10kW-20kW), cov saw hlau nrog lub suab ntawm 19.05mm-25.4mm (3/4-nti txog 1-nti), xws li ANSI # 100 thiab # 120 series, tuaj yeem xaiv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txheeb xyuas ntxiv ntawm qhov dav ntawm cov hniav sprocket yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev tsis ruaj khov ntawm meshing.
3. Kev ua haujlwm qeeb qeeb (feem ntau n ≤ 500 r/min): Koj tuaj yeem xaiv ib txoj saw loj.
Hauv cov xwm txheej ceev qis (xws li cov tshuab tsoo mining thiab cov hoists hnyav), lub zog dynamic thiab lub zog centrifugal ntawm cov saw hlau tsis tshua muaj. Lub peev xwm nqa khoom tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov saw hlau loj tuaj yeem siv tau tag nrho:
Cov saw hlau loj muaj zog dua thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom cuam tshuam ntawm ntau pua kN, tiv thaiv cov phaj saw hlau tawg thiab cov pin khoov thaum muaj cov khoom hnyav.
Qhov kev hnav qis qis ntawm qhov ceev qis, ua rau cov saw hlau loj tuaj yeem tswj tau lub neej ntev uas phim lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv, tshem tawm qhov xav tau hloov pauv ntau zaus (feem ntau 2-3 xyoos). Cov saw hlau nrog lub suab ≥ 25.4 hli (1 nti), xws li ANSI # 140 thiab # 160 series, lossis cov saw hlau loj, cov saw hlau hnyav, feem ntau siv rau hauv qhov xwm txheej no.
III. Phau Ntawv Qhia Ua Haujlwm: Sib phim qhov suab thiab qhov ceev kom raug hauv 4 Kauj Ruam
Tom qab nkag siab txog txoj kev xav, nws yog lub sijhawm los siv nws los ntawm cov txheej txheem txheem. 4 kauj ruam hauv qab no yuav pab koj xaiv cov saw hlau kom haum thiab zam kev ua yuam kev los ntawm kev cia siab rau kev paub dhau los:
Kauj Ruam 1: Txheeb Xyuas Cov Qauv Tseem Ceeb - Sau 3 Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tseem Ceeb Ua Ntej
Ua ntej xaiv ib txoj saw, koj yuav tsum tau txais peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv no; tsis muaj ib qho ntawm lawv tuaj yeem tsis suav nrog:
Qhov ceev ntawm lub sprocket tsav (n): Tau txais qhov no ncaj qha los ntawm lub cev muaj zog lossis phau ntawv qhia kawg ntawm lub tshuab tsav. Yog tias tsuas yog qhov ceev ntawm qhov kawg tsav muaj, rov qab xam siv cov mis "Qhov sib piv kis = tus lej ntawm cov hniav ntawm lub sprocket tsav / tus lej ntawm cov hniav ntawm lub sprocket tsav."
Lub zog hloov pauv ntsuas (P): Qhov no yog lub zog (hauv kW) uas cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm. Qhov no suav nrog cov khoom siv siab tshaj plaws (xws li cov khoom siv poob siab thaum pib ua haujlwm, uas feem ntau suav tias yog 1.2-1.5 npaug ntawm lub zog ntsuas).
Ib puag ncig ua haujlwm: Xyuas seb puas muaj hmoov av, roj, kub siab (>80 ° C), lossis cov pa roj corrosive. Rau ib puag ncig hnyav, xaiv cov saw hlau nrog cov grooves roj nplua nyeem thiab cov txheej tiv thaiv xeb. Lub suab yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv 10% -20% kom tso cai rau hnav.
Kauj Ruam 2: Kev Xaiv Qhov Chaw Pib Ua Ntej Raws Li Qhov Ceev
Saib cov lus hauv qab no kom paub qhov pib ntawm qhov sib txawv raws li qhov ceev ntawm lub sprocket (siv ANSI tus qauv saw ua piv txwv; lwm cov qauv tuaj yeem hloov pauv raws li):
Tsav Sprocket Ceev (r/min) Pom Zoo Qhov Ntau Yam (mm) Sib Xws ANSI Chain Series Cov Ntawv Thov Ib Txwm Muaj
>1500 6.35-12.7 #25, #35, #40 Cov Kiv Cua, Cov Tsav Tsheb Me Me
500-1500 12.7-25.4 #50, #60, #80, #100 Cov Khoom Siv Conveyor, Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Tshuab
<500 25.4-50.8 #120, #140, #160 Lub Tshuab Zom, Tshuab Nqa
Kauj Ruam 3: Xyuas kom meej tias qhov siab sib npaug rau qhov muaj peev xwm thauj khoom siv fais fab
Tom qab xaiv qhov siab ua ntej, xyuas kom meej tias cov saw hlau tuaj yeem tiv taus lub zog ntsuas siv "Power Calculation Formula" kom tsis txhob muaj kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau. Siv cov saw hlau ISO tus qauv ua piv txwv, cov mis yooj yim yog raws li nram no:
Lub zog kis tau ntawm cov saw hlau (P₀) = K₁ × K₂ × Pₙ
Qhov twg: K₁ yog qhov ntsuas qhov ceev (qhov ceev dua ua rau K₁ qis dua, uas tuaj yeem pom hauv phau ntawv teev cov saw hlau); K₂ yog qhov ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ua haujlwm (0.7-0.9 rau qhov chaw nyuaj, 1.0-1.2 rau qhov chaw huv); thiab Pₙ yog lub zog ntsuas ntawm cov saw hlau (uas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm qhov siab hauv phau ntawv teev cov chaw tsim khoom).
Cov xwm txheej txheeb xyuas: P₀ yuav tsum ua tau raws li ≥ 1.2 × P (1.2 yog qhov kev nyab xeeb, uas tuaj yeem nce mus txog 1.5 rau cov xwm txheej hnyav).
Kauj Ruam 4: Kho qhov kev npaj kawg raws li qhov chaw teeb tsa.
Yog tias qhov suab uas xaiv thawj zaug raug txwv los ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa (piv txwv li, qhov chaw sab hauv ntawm cov khoom siv nqaim dhau los ua kom haum rau cov saw hlau loj), ob qhov kev hloov kho tuaj yeem ua tau:
Txo qhov suab + nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab saw hlau: Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tau xaiv ib kab ntawm 25.4 hli suab (# 100), koj tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ob kab ntawm 19.05 hli suab (# 80-2), uas muaj peev xwm thauj khoom zoo sib xws tab sis qhov loj me me dua.
Ua kom zoo dua tus naj npawb ntawm cov hniav sprocket: Thaum tswj hwm tib lub suab, kev nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov hniav ntawm lub sprocket tsav tsheb (feem ntau mus rau tsawg kawg 17 cov hniav) tuaj yeem txo qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm cov saw hlau thiab txhim kho kev hloov pauv ceev.
IV. Tej Yam Yuam Kev Uas Yuav Tsum Zam: Tsis Txhob Ua 3 Yam Yuam Kev No
Txawm tias tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem xaiv tsa lawm los, ntau tus neeg tseem ua tsis tau zoo vim tsis quav ntsej txog cov ntsiab lus. Nov yog peb qhov kev nkag siab yuam kev feem ntau thiab lawv cov kev daws teeb meem:
Kev Nkag Siab Yuam Kev 1: Tsuas yog tsom mus rau qhov muaj peev xwm thauj khoom xwb thaum tsis quav ntsej txog qhov sib phim ceev
Kev Nkag Siab Yuam Kev: Ntseeg tias "lub suab loj dua txhais tau tias muaj peev xwm thauj khoom ntau dua," cov saw hlau suab loj dua raug xaiv rau kev ua haujlwm ceev ceev (piv txwv li, cov saw hlau #120 rau lub cev muaj zog 1500 rpm). Cov txiaj ntsig: Cov suab nrov ntawm cov saw hlau tshaj 90dB, thiab cov phaj saw hlau tawg hauv ob mus rau peb lub hlis. Kev daws teeb meem: Xaiv cov suab nrov raws li "qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ceev." Yog tias lub peev xwm thauj khoom tsis txaus, muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nce tus lej ntawm cov kab es tsis txhob nce lub suab nrov.
Kev Nkag Siab Yuam Kev 2: Kev tsis meej pem ntawm "kev ceev ntawm lub pulley" nrog "kev ceev ntawm lub pulley uas tau tsav"
Kev nkag siab yuam kev: Siv qhov ceev ntawm lub pulley ua qhov xaiv (piv txwv li, yog tias qhov ceev ntawm lub pulley yog 500 rpm thiab qhov ceev ntawm lub pulley tiag tiag yog 1500 rpm, qhov siab dua yuav raug xaiv raws li 500 rpm). Cov txiaj ntsig: Kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau hauv cov saw hlau, ua rau "hnav ntau dhau" (hnav ntau tshaj 0.5 hli hauv ib hlis). Kev daws teeb meem: Yuav tsum siv "qhov ceev ntawm lub pulley" ua tus qauv. Yog tias tsis paub meej, xam siv qhov ceev ntawm lub cev muaj zog thiab qhov piv ntawm kev txo qis (qhov ceev ntawm lub pulley = qhov ceev ntawm lub cev muaj zog / qhov piv ntawm kev txo qis).
Kev Nkag Siab Yuam Kev 3: Tsis quav ntsej txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv roj nplua nyeem rau kev sib phim ntawm qhov ceev thiab suab
Yuam Kev: xav tias "xaiv lub suab zoo txaus lawm," hla kev siv roj nplua nyeem lossis siv cov roj nplua nyeem tsis zoo hauv qab qhov ceev ceev. Qhov tshwm sim: Txawm tias muaj lub suab me me, lub neej saw hlau tuaj yeem luv dua 50%, thiab txawm tias qhov kev sib txhuam qhuav tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Kev daws teeb meem: Rau cov xwm txheej ceev ceev (n > 1000 rpm), yuav tsum siv cov roj nplua nyeem lossis cov roj da dej. Cov roj nplua nyeem viscosity yuav tsum phim rau qhov ceev (qhov ceev siab dua, qhov viscosity qis dua).
V. Kev Kawm Txog Kev Lag Luam: Kev Txhim Kho Los Ntawm Kev Ua Tsis Tau Zoo Mus Rau Kev Ruaj Ntseg
Ib txoj kab conveyor ntawm lub Hoobkas tsim khoom siv tsheb tau ntsib kev tawg ntawm cov saw hlau ib hlis ib zaug. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qhov sib phim ntawm qhov nrawm thiab qhov siab, peb tau ncua lub neej ntawm cov saw hlau mus txog ob xyoos. Cov ntsiab lus yog raws li nram no:
Txoj kev npaj thawj: Lub zog tsav ntawm lub pulley yog 1200 rpm, ib txoj saw hlau nrog lub suab 25.4 hli (# 100), lub zog kis tau 8kW, tsis tas yuav siv roj nplua nyeem.
Qhov ua rau tsis ua haujlwm: 1200 rpm yog nyob rau ntawm qhov txwv siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov ceev nruab nrab, thiab 25.4 hli pitch saw hlau ntsib kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau ntawm qhov ceev no. Ntxiv mus, qhov tsis muaj roj nplua nyeem ua rau hnav sai dua.
Txoj kev npaj ua kom zoo dua: Txo qhov suab mus rau 19.05 hli (#80), hloov mus rau ob kab saw (#80-2), thiab ntxiv lub tshuab roj ntws.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws: Lub suab nrov ntawm cov saw hlau txo qis los ntawm 85dB mus rau 72dB, kev hnav txhua hli txo qis los ntawm 0.3mm mus rau 0.05mm, thiab lub neej ntawm cov saw hlau ntev dua los ntawm 1 hlis mus rau 24 lub hlis, txuag tau ntau dua 30,000 yuan hauv cov nqi hloov pauv txhua xyoo.
Xaus Lus: Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev xaiv yog qhov sib npaug.
Kev xaiv qhov siab thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov saw hlau tsis yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab yooj yim ntawm "loj lossis me." Hloov chaw, nws yog hais txog kev nrhiav qhov sib npaug zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub peev xwm thauj khoom, qhov ceev ua haujlwm, qhov chaw teeb tsa, thiab tus nqi. Los ntawm kev ua tus tswv ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "kev sib phim rov qab," ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem xaiv plaub kauj ruam thiab zam kev ua yuam kev, koj tuaj yeem ua kom lub kaw lus sib kis ruaj khov thiab kav ntev.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-17-2025