Qhov Sib Txawv Tseem Ceeb Ntawm Kev Quenching thiab Tempering hauv Kev Tsim Khoom Siv Hlau: Vim Li Cas Ob Txoj Kev No Thiaj Li Txheeb Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Hlau?
Hauv kev tsim cov saw hlau, cov txheej txheem kho cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab lub neej ua haujlwm. Quenching thiab tempering, ua ob txoj hauv kev kho cua sov tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb, feem ntau cov neeg yuav khoom hais txog, tab sis feem ntau tsis nkag siab txog lawv qhov sib txawv tshwj xeeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Tsab xov xwm no yuav nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm quenching thiab tempering, nrog rau lawv ua haujlwm ua ke li cas hauvcov saw hlaukev tsim khoom, los pab cov neeg yuav khoom ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom kom raug dua thiab xaiv cov saw hlau uas ua tau raws li lawv xav tau.
1. Cov Txheej Txheem Tseem Ceeb: Nkag Siab Txog Qhov Txawv Ntawm Ob Txoj Kev Los Ntawm Lub Zeem Muag Molecular
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev quenching thiab tempering yog nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas lawv hloov pauv cov qauv molecular ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, uas txiav txim siab ncaj qha rau qhov kev coj ntawm lawv qhov cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov saw hlau. Quenching yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua kom sov cov khoom siv hlau ntawm cov saw hlau (xws li cov txuas, cov menyuam, thiab cov koob) rau qhov kub austenitization (feem ntau 800-900 ° C, nyob ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw), tuav qhov kub rau ib lub sijhawm kom cov khoom siv austenitize tag nrho, thiab tom qab ntawd txias cov khoom siv sai sai hauv dej, roj, lossis lwm yam khoom siv txias. Cov txheej txheem no hloov pauv cov qauv siv lead ua los ntawm cov hlau los ntawm austenite mus rau martensite, ib qho qauv uas muaj qhov nyuaj heev tab sis brittleness. Zoo li ib daim iav, uas nyuaj tab sis yooj yim tawg, cov khoom tsis tau quenched feem ntau yuav tawg vim muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis kev co thaum siv tiag tiag.
Kev kho kom sov yog rov ua kom cov khoom siv hlau uas tau quenched rov qab mus rau qhov kub qis dua qhov hloov pauv theem (feem ntau yog 150-650 ° C), tuav qhov kub rau ib ntus, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam txias lawv. Cov txheej txheem no txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv hauv martensite thiab kho cov qauv siv lead ua los ntawm kev sib kis thiab carbide precipitation. Hais lus piv txwv, kev kho kom sov zoo li kev kho cov "iav" uas tau quenched kom zoo, tswj hwm qee qhov nyuaj thaum ua kom nws cov tawv thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg yooj yim.
2. Kev Cuam Tshuam ntawm Kev Ua Tau Zoo: Kev Kos Duab ntawm Kev Sib Npaug ntawm Qhov Nyuaj, Kev Tawm Tsam, thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Hnav
Hauv cov ntawv thov siv cov saw hlau, cov khoom yuav tsum muaj qee qib ntawm qhov tawv kom tiv taus kev hnav thiab txaus kom tiv taus kev cuam tshuam thiab kev khoov rov qab. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev quenching thiab tempering yog tsim los ua kom tiav qhov sib npaug no.
Kev quenching tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov nyuaj thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv roller saw. Piv txwv li, tom qab quenching, qhov nyuaj ntawm cov rollers tuaj yeem nce ntxiv los ntawm 30% -50%, zoo tiv taus kev sib txhuam thiab kev cuam tshuam nrog cov sprockets thiab ntev lawv lub neej kev pabcuam. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li tau hais ua ntej, cov ntaub ntawv quenched yog brittle dua thiab yooj yim tawg lossis txawm tias tawg thaum muaj kev thauj khoom hnyav lossis kev cuam tshuam.
Kev kho kom sov, ntxiv rau kev quenching, kho cov khoom siv los ntawm kev tswj qhov kub thiab lub sijhawm tuav. Kev kho kom sov qis (150-250 ° C) tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov nyuaj siab thaum txo qhov brittleness, ua rau nws haum rau cov khoom uas xav tau qhov nyuaj siab, xws li cov menyuam. Kev kho kom sov nruab nrab (300-450 ° C) muab qhov elasticity siab thiab toughness, feem ntau siv rau hauv cov khoom uas raug rov ua dua, xws li cov phaj saw hlau. Kev kho kom sov siab (500-650 ° C) txo qhov nyuaj thaum ua kom plasticity thiab toughness ntau dua, ua rau nws haum rau cov khoom uas xav tau qhov nyuaj siab, xws li cov pins.
3. Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm: Kev Sib Raug Zoo Uas Tsis Rov Qab Tau
Hauv kev tsim cov saw hlau, kev quenching thiab tempering feem ntau yog ua raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm "quenching ua ntej, tom qab ntawd tempering." Qhov kev txiav txim no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua txoj kev.
Kev ua kom quenching yog ua kom tiav cov qauv martensitic siab, tso lub hauv paus rau kev hloov kho kev ua tau zoo tom qab. Yog tias tempering ua ntej quenching, cov qauv tsim los ntawm tempering yuav raug rhuav tshem thaum lub sijhawm quenching, ua tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau. Tempering, ntawm qhov tod tes, ua kom zoo dua cov qauv tom qab quenching, tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, thiab kho qhov nyuaj thiab tawv kom tau raws li qhov xav tau tiag tiag. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov phaj saw, lawv raug quenched ua ntej kom nce lawv qhov nyuaj. Tom qab ntawd lawv raug tempered ntawm qhov kub nruab nrab raws li kev siv. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov saw hlau tswj tau qee qhov nyuaj thaum tswj tau qhov tawv zoo, ua rau nws tiv taus qhov rov ua dua thiab ncab thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm saw hlau.
4. Qhov Cuam Tshuam Rau Qhov Zoo ntawm Cov Hlau Roller: Cov Cim Qhia Tseem Ceeb uas Cov Neeg Yuav Khoom Yuav Tsum Tshuaj Xyuas
Rau cov neeg yuav khoom, kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm quenching thiab tempering pab lawv ntsuam xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov saw hlau thiab xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog rau lawv cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
Qhov Ntsuas Qhov Nyuaj: Kev sim qhov nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov saw hlau muab kev ntsuam xyuas ua ntej ntawm cov txheej txheem quenching. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov nyuaj ntawm cov menyuam yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm HRC 58-62, ntawm cov phaj saw hlau ntawm HRC 38-42, thiab ntawm cov pins ntawm HRC 45-50 (cov nqi tshwj xeeb yuav txawv nyob ntawm cov lus qhia thiab daim ntawv thov). Yog tias qhov nyuaj tsis txaus, nws qhia tau tias qhov kub thiab txias lossis qhov txias tsis txaus; yog tias qhov nyuaj siab dhau, nws yuav yog vim tsis txaus tempering, ua rau muaj kev tawg ntau dhau.
Kev Ntsuas Kev Ruaj Khov: Kev ruaj khov tuaj yeem sim tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li kev sim kev cuam tshuam. Cov saw hlau zoo yuav tsum tsis txhob tawg lossis tawg thaum raug qee qhov kev cuam tshuam. Yog tias cov saw hlau tawg yooj yim thaum siv, nws yuav yog vim tsis tau tempering tsis zoo, ua rau cov khoom tsis muaj zog txaus.
Kev tiv thaiv kev hnav: Kev tiv thaiv kev hnav yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov nyuaj thiab microstructure ntawm cov khoom siv. Cov khoom siv saw hlau uas tau quenched tag nrho thiab tempered kom zoo muaj qhov ntom ntom microstructure, kev tiv thaiv kev hnav zoo heev, thiab tuaj yeem tswj tau kev ua tau zoo dhau kev siv ntev. Cov neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem ntsuas kev tiv thaiv kev hnav los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem kho cua sov ntawm tus neeg muag khoom thiab tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv xeem lub neej ntawm cov khoom.
5. Yuav Xaiv Li Cas: Sib phim Cov Txheej Txheem rau Daim Ntawv Thov
Cov ntawv thov sib txawv muaj cov kev cai ua tau zoo sib txawv rau cov saw hlau, yog li cov txheej txheem quenching thiab tempering tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li qhov xav tau tiag tiag.
Hauv cov ntawv thov hnyav, kev xa mus ceev ceev, xws li cov tshuab khawb av thiab cov khoom siv nqa, cov saw hlau yuav tsum muaj qhov nyuaj thiab tsis yooj yim hnav, thaum tseem muaj qhov tawv txaus los tiv taus cov khoom hnyav. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, yuav tsum siv kev quench kub siab dua thiab kev tempering kub nruab nrab kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv ua tau zoo tag nrho. Hauv cov ntawv thov thauj khoom me me, kev xa mus ceev ceev, xws li cov tshuab ua zaub mov thiab cov khoom siv thauj khoom, qhov tawv ntawm cov saw hlau tsis tshua muaj, tab sis qhov tawv thiab qhov tiav ntawm qhov chaw siab. Kev quenching kub qis dua thiab kev tempering kub siab dua tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov khoom siv plasticity thiab toughness.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tej yam ib puag ncig kuj muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv cov txheej txheem. Hauv cov chaw muaj xeb, yuav tsum tau kho cov nto ntawm cov saw hlau, thiab cov txheej txheem quenching thiab tempering tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho nto, yog li ntawd yuav tsum xav txog kom meej.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-20-2025