Cov Txheej Txheem Txais Yuav Zoo ntawm Cov Hlau Rau Cov Menyuam

Cov Txheej Txheem Txais Yuav Zoo ntawm Cov Hlau Rau Cov Menyuam

Ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuab xa khoom hauv kev lag luam, qhov zoo ntawm cov saw hlau ncaj qha txiav txim siab qhov ruaj khov, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Txawm siv rau hauv cov tshuab conveyor, cov khoom siv ua liaj ua teb, lossis cov tshuab tsim kho, txoj kev lees txais zoo thiab nruj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab ua kom muaj kev tsim khoom zoo. Tsab xov xwm no yuav rhuav tshem cov txheej txheem lees txais zoo ntawm cov saw hlau kom meej los ntawm peb yam: kev npaj ua ntej lees txais, kev sim qhov loj me, thiab kev ua tiav tom qab lees txais, muab cov ntaub ntawv siv tau rau cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav khoom thiab tswj xyuas zoo thoob ntiaj teb.

I. Kev Txais Yuav Ua Ntej: Kev Piav Qhia Txog Cov Qauv thiab Kev Npaj Cov Cuab Yeej

Lub hauv paus ntawm kev lees txais zoo yog tsim kom muaj cov qauv ntsuas kom meej kom tsis txhob muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb los ntawm cov qauv tsis meej. Ua ntej kev sim ua ntej, yuav tsum ua tiav ob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb:

1. Kev lees paub cov qauv lees txais thiab cov txheej txheem kev siv tshuab

Ua ntej, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw hlau yuav tsum tau sau thiab txheeb xyuas, suav nrog daim ntawv qhia txog cov khoom, daim ntawv pov thawj khoom siv (MTC), daim ntawv qhia txog kev kho cua sov, thiab daim ntawv pov thawj kuaj sab nraud (yog tias siv tau) uas tus neeg muag khoom muab. Cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb hauv qab no yuav tsum tau lees paub kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib xws nrog cov kev cai yuav khoom:

- Cov Lus Qhia Yooj Yim: Tus lej saw (piv txwv li, ANSI tus qauv # 40, # 50, ISO tus qauv 08A, 10A, thiab lwm yam), qhov siab, txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub log, qhov dav ntawm qhov txuas sab hauv, qhov tuab ntawm daim hlau saw, thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas tseem ceeb;

- Cov Khoom Siv Yuav Tsum Tau Ua: Cov khoom siv ntawm cov phaj saw hlau, cov menyuam, cov bushings, thiab cov pins (piv txwv li, cov hlau sib xyaw ua ke xws li 20Mn thiab 40MnB), lees paub tias ua raws li cov qauv tsim nyog (piv txwv li, ASTM, DIN, thiab lwm yam);

- Cov Cim Qhia Kev Ua Tau Zoo: Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile load, lub neej qaug zog, hnav tsis kam, thiab qib tiv taus corrosion (piv txwv li, galvanizing lossis blackening kev kho mob rau cov chaw noo noo);

- Qhov tsos thiab ntim khoom: Cov txheej txheem kho qhov chaw (piv txwv li, carburizing thiab quenching, phosphating, oiling, thiab lwm yam), cov kev cai tiv thaiv ntim khoom (piv txwv li, qhwv ntawv tsis xeb, thawv kaw, thiab lwm yam).

2. Npaj Cov Cuab Yeej Siv thiab Ib puag ncig rau Kev Ntsuas Kev Ua Haujlwm

Nyob ntawm cov khoom siv sim, yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej uas muaj qhov tseeb sib xws, thiab qhov chaw sim yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua (piv txwv li, qhov kub hauv chav, qhov qhuav, thiab tsis muaj hmoov av cuam tshuam). Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb suav nrog:

- Cov cuab yeej ntsuas qhov ntev: Cov ntsuas vernier digital (qhov tseeb 0.01 hli), micrometer (rau kev ntsuas cov menyuam thiab cov pin diameters), lub suab ntsuas, lub tshuab kuaj tensile (rau kev kuaj tensile load);

- Cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas qhov tsos: Lub iav loj (10-20x, rau kev soj ntsuam cov kab nrib pleb me me lossis qhov tsis zoo), lub ntsuas qhov roughness ntawm qhov chaw (piv txwv li, rau kev sim qhov du ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov saw hlau);

- Cov cuab yeej pab txhawb kev ua tau zoo: Lub rooj zaum sim kev ywj pheej ntawm cov saw hlau (lossis kev sim tes), lub tshuab ntsuas qhov nyuaj (piv txwv li, Rockwell hardness tester rau kev sim qhov nyuaj tom qab kev kho cua sov).

II. Qhov Ntsuas Kev Txais Yuav Tseem Ceeb: Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Kom Tag Nrho Los Ntawm Qhov Zoo Li Cas Mus Rau Kev Ua Tau Zoo

Kev lees txais zoo ntawm cov saw hlau yuav tsum xav txog ob qho tib si "sab nraud" thiab "kev ua tau zoo sab hauv," npog cov teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom (xws li kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntev, kev kho cua sov tsis tsim nyog, kev sib dhos xoob, thiab lwm yam) los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntau qhov ntev. Cov hauv qab no yog rau qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb thiab cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb:

1. Qhov Zoo Ntawm Qhov Muag: Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Qhov Tsis Zoo Ntawm Qhov Chaw

Qhov tsos yog "thawj qhov kev xav" ntawm qhov zoo. Muaj ntau yam teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim (xws li cov khoom tsis huv, cov teeb meem kho cua sov) tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau los ntawm kev soj ntsuam saum npoo av. Thaum lub sijhawm soj ntsuam, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los soj ntsuam hauv qab lub teeb ntuj lossis lub teeb dawb txaus, siv ob qho tib si kev soj ntsuam pom thiab lub iav loj, tsom mus rau cov teeb meem hauv qab no:

- Cov phaj saw hlau tsis zoo: Qhov chaw yuav tsum tsis muaj kab nrib pleb, qhov puas, qhov hloov pauv, thiab qhov khawb pom tseeb; cov npoo yuav tsum tsis muaj burrs lossis curling; qhov chaw ntawm cov phaj saw hlau kho cua sov yuav tsum muaj xim sib xws, tsis muaj oxide scale accumulation lossis thaj chaw decarburization (mottling lossis discoloration yuav qhia txog cov txheej txheem quenching tsis ruaj khov);

- Cov menyuam thiab cov tes tsho: Cov nplaim ntawm cov menyuam yuav tsum du, tsis muaj qhov puas, pob, lossis xeb; cov tes tsho yuav tsum tsis muaj burrs ntawm ob qho kawg thiab haum nruj nrog cov menyuam yam tsis muaj xoob;

- Cov koob thiab cov koob cotter: Cov nplaim ntawm cov koob yuav tsum tsis txhob khoov thiab khawb, thiab cov xov (yog tias siv tau) yuav tsum zoo thiab tsis puas; cov koob cotter yuav tsum muaj qhov elasticity zoo thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob xoob lossis deformed tom qab kev teeb tsa;

- Kev kho qhov chaw: Cov chaw galvanized lossis chrome-plated yuav tsum tsis txhob tev lossis tawg; cov saw hlau uas muaj roj yuav tsum muaj roj sib npaug, tsis muaj qhov chaw ploj lossis roj sib sau ua ke; cov chaw dub yuav tsum muaj xim sib npaug thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv uas pom.

Cov Qauv Txiav Txim: Cov khawb me me (qhov tob < 0.1 hli, ntev < 5 hli) yog qhov txais tau; cov kab nrib pleb, kev hloov pauv, xeb, thiab lwm yam tsis zoo yog qhov txais tau.

2. Kev Ntsuas Qhov Ntev: Kev Ntsuas Qhov Tseeb ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem Tseem Ceeb

Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev yog qhov ua rau tsis haum ntawm cov saw hlau thiab sprocket, thiab kev sib tsoo ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Kev ntsuas qhov ntev tseem ceeb yog qhov tsim nyog (qhov piv ntawm kev ntsuas yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 5% ntawm txhua pawg, thiab tsis pub tsawg dua 3 yam khoom). Cov khoom ntsuas thiab cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yog raws li nram no:

Lus Cim: Tsis txhob kov cov cuab yeej thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm ntsuas kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thib ob; rau cov khoom lag luam ntau, cov qauv yuav tsum tau xaiv los ntawm ntau lub thawv ntim khoom sib txawv kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sawv cev.

3. Cov Khoom Siv thiab Kev Kho Kub Zoo: Txheeb Xyuas Lub Zog Sab Hauv

Lub peev xwm thauj khoom thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov saw hlau nyob ntawm qhov huv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem kho cua sov. Cov kauj ruam no xav tau ob txoj kev txheeb xyuas ua ke "kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv" thiab "kev tshuaj xyuas lub cev":

- Kev Txheeb Xyuas Cov Khoom Siv: Txheeb xyuas daim ntawv pov thawj khoom siv (MTC) uas tus neeg muag khoom muab los xyuas kom meej tias cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw (xws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus xws li carbon, manganese, thiab boron) ua tau raws li cov qauv. Yog tias muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog cov khoom siv, lub koom haum sab nraud tuaj yeem raug xaiv los ua qhov kev tshuaj xyuas spectral los tshawb nrhiav cov teeb meem sib xyaw cov khoom siv.

- Kev Ntsuas Qhov Nyuaj: Siv lub tshuab ntsuas qhov nyuaj Rockwell (HRC) los ntsuas qhov nyuaj ntawm cov phaj saw hlau, cov menyuam, thiab cov koob. Feem ntau, qhov nyuaj ntawm cov phaj saw hlau yuav tsum yog HRC 38-45, thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm cov menyuam thiab tus pin yuav tsum yog HRC 55-62 (cov kev cai tshwj xeeb yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm cov khoom). Kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov haujlwm sib txawv, nrog peb qhov chaw sib txawv ntsuas rau txhua qhov haujlwm, thiab tus nqi nruab nrab tau coj.

- Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Txheej Carburized: Rau cov khoom carburized thiab quenched, qhov tob ntawm txheej carburized (feem ntau 0.3-0.8 hli) yuav tsum tau kuaj siv lub tshuab ntsuas microhardness lossis kev tshuaj xyuas metallographic.

4. Kev Sib Dhos Kom Tseeb: Kev Ua Kom Sib Kis Zoo

Qhov zoo ntawm kev sib dhos ntawm cov saw hlau cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub suab nrov ua haujlwm thiab kev hnav. Kev sim tseem ceeb tsom mus rau "kev ywj pheej" thiab "kev ruaj khov":

- Kev Ntsuas Kev Ywj Pheej: Tso lub saw hlau kom tiaj tus thiab rub nws tes raws nws qhov ntev. Saib seb lub saw hlau puas khoov thiab ntev mus zoo yam tsis muaj kev sib txhuam lossis kev tawv. Khoov lub saw hlau ncig ib txoj hlua uas muaj txoj kab uas hla 1.5 npaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub voj voog sprocket, peb zaug hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia, xyuas qhov kev ywj pheej ntawm txhua qhov txuas tig.

- Kev Tshawb Xyuas Kev Rigidity: Xyuas seb lub pin thiab lub phaj saw puas haum nruj, tsis txhob xoob lossis txav. Rau cov txuas uas tshem tau, xyuas seb cov clips caij nplooj ntoos hlav lossis cotter pins puas tau teeb tsa kom raug, tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg.

- Kev Sib Xws ntawm Lub Suab: Ntsuas tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm 20 lub suab sib law liag thiab xam qhov sib txawv ntawm ib lub suab, kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub suab (kev sib txawv ≤ 0.2 hli) kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib txuas tsis zoo nrog lub sprocket thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

5. Cov Khoom Siv Kho Tshuab: Txheeb Xyuas Qhov Txwv Peev Xwm Thauj Khoom

Cov khoom siv kho tshuab yog cov cim qhia tseem ceeb ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov saw hlau, nrog rau kev tsom mus rau kev sim "lub zog tensile" thiab "kev ua haujlwm qaug zog." Kev sim qauv feem ntau yog siv (1-2 saw hlau ib pawg):

- Kev Ntsuas Qhov Tsawg Kawg Nkaus: Cov qauv saw hlau raug teeb tsa rau ntawm lub tshuab kuaj tensile thiab lub nra hnyav sib xws raug siv ntawm 5-10 hli / feeb kom txog thaum cov saw hlau tawg lossis hloov pauv tas mus li (kev hloov pauv > 2%). Lub nra hnyav tawg raug kaw thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua qhov hnyav tensile tsawg kawg nkaus uas tau teev tseg hauv cov khoom qhia tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, qhov hnyav tensile tsawg kawg nkaus rau # 40 saw hlau feem ntau yog 18 kN);

- Kev Ntsuas Lub Neej Qaug Zog: Rau cov saw hlau ua haujlwm hauv qab cov khoom hnyav, ib lub koom haum tshaj lij tuaj yeem raug xaiv los ua qhov kev ntsuas qaug zog, ua piv txwv cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tiag tiag (feem ntau yog 1/3-1/2 ntawm cov khoom ntsuas) los sim lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov saw hlau hauv qab cov khoom thauj cyclic. Lub neej ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim.

6. Kev Hloov Kho Ib Puag Ncig: Kev Sib Piv Cov Xwm Txheej Siv

Raws li qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov saw hlau, yuav tsum muaj kev sim ua kom haum rau ib puag ncig. Kev sim feem ntau suav nrog:

- Kev Ntsuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Xeb: Rau cov saw hlau siv rau hauv qhov chaw noo noo, tshuaj lom neeg, lossis lwm yam chaw xeb, kev sim tshuaj tsuag ntsev (piv txwv li, kev sim tshuaj tsuag ntsev tsis muaj zog 48 teev) tuaj yeem ua los ntsuas kev tiv thaiv kev xeb ntawm cov txheej kho saum npoo. Yuav tsum tsis txhob pom xeb pom tseeb ntawm qhov chaw tom qab kev sim.

- Kev Ntsuas Kub Siab: Rau cov xwm txheej kub siab (piv txwv li, cov khoom siv ziab), cov saw hlau raug muab tso rau hauv qhov cub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (piv txwv li, 200 ℃) rau 2 teev. Tom qab txias, qhov ruaj khov ntawm qhov ntev thiab qhov nyuaj hloov pauv raug kuaj xyuas. Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb lossis txo qis qhov nyuaj.

- Kev Ntsuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Sib Txhuam: Siv lub tshuab kuaj kev sib txhuam thiab kev hnav, qhov kev sib txhuam ntawm cov saw hlau thiab sprockets raug simulated, thiab qhov ntau ntawm kev hnav tom qab qee qhov kev hloov pauv raug ntsuas kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev tiv thaiv kev sib txhuam ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau siv.

III. Tom Qab Txais: Kev Txiav Txim Siab Txog Qhov Tshwm Sim thiab Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm

Tom qab ua tiav tag nrho cov khoom sim, yuav tsum txiav txim siab kom meej raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim, thiab yuav tsum ua cov kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm sib xws:

1. Kev Txiav Txim Siab Txais: Yog tias txhua yam khoom kuaj ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab tsis muaj cov khoom tsis ua raws li cov khoom kuaj, cov saw hlau tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias tsim nyog thiab cov txheej txheem khaws cia tuaj yeem ua tiav;

2. Kev Txiav Txim thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Tsis Ua Raws Cai: Yog tias cov khoom tseem ceeb (xws li lub zog tensile, cov khoom siv, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev) pom tias tsis ua raws cai, qhov piv txwv kuaj yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv (piv txwv li, txog 10%) rau kev rov kuaj dua; yog tias tseem muaj cov khoom tsis ua raws cai, pawg khoom raug txiav txim siab tias tsis ua raws cai, thiab tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsum tau xa rov qab, ua haujlwm dua, lossis hloov cov khoom; yog tias nws tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo me me xwb (xws li khawb me me) thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev siv, kev pom zoo tuaj yeem sib tham nrog tus neeg muag khoom kom lees txais, thiab cov kev cai txhim kho zoo tom qab yuav tsum tau txhais meej meej;

3. Kev Khaws Cov Ntaub Ntawv: Sau cov ntaub ntawv lees txais rau txhua pawg, suav nrog cov khoom kuaj, cov nqi, cov qauv cuab yeej, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm kuaj, tsim daim ntawv qhia kev lees txais, thiab khaws cia rau kev taug qab zoo thiab kev ntsuam xyuas tus neeg muag khoom tom qab.

Xaus Lus: Kev Txais Yuav Zoo yog Kab Tiv Thaiv Thawj Zaug rau Kev Nyab Xeeb Kis

Kev lees txais qhov zoo ntawm cov saw hlau tsis yog ib qho yooj yim ntawm "nrhiav qhov tsis zoo," tab sis yog ib qho txheej txheem kev ntsuam xyuas uas suav nrog "qhov tsos, qhov loj me, cov khoom siv, thiab kev ua tau zoo." Txawm hais tias yuav los ntawm cov neeg muab khoom thoob ntiaj teb lossis tswj cov khoom seem rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov txheej txheem kev lees txais kev tshawb fawb tuaj yeem txo qhov kev poob sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm cov saw hlau. Hauv kev xyaum, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho qhov kev tsom mus rau kev tshuaj xyuas raws li cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb (xws li kev thauj khoom, qhov ceev, thiab ib puag ncig), thaum txhawb kev sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg muab khoom kom meej meej cov qauv zoo, thaum kawg ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm "kev yuav khoom txhim khu kev qha thiab kev siv tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb."