Yiziphi imingcele okufanele ziqashelwe ngesikhathi sokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller?
Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza nokulungisa imishini, ukushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller kuyinqubo ebalulekile. Ikhwalithi yokushisela ithinta ngqo ukusebenza kanye nempilo yesevisi yalo.uchungechunge lwe-rollerUkuze kuqinisekiswe inqubekela phambili ebushelelezi yenqubo yokushisela kanye nokuthembeka kwekhwalithi yokushisela, kubalulekile ukuqonda nokulawula amapharamitha abalulekile enqubweni yokushisela. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula ngokuningiliziwe amapharamitha okudingeka anakwe ngesikhathi sokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller, kanye nendlela yokwenza ngcono la mapharamitha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokushisela.
1. Umqondo oyisisekelo kanye nokubaluleka kokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller
Iketanga le-roller liyiketanga elisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokudlulisa nokudlulisa ngomshini. Liqukethe amapuleti eketanga angaphakathi, amapuleti eketanga angaphandle, amaphini, imikhono nama-roller. Inqubo yokushisela yeketanga le-roller iwukuxhumanisa lezi zingxenye ndawonye ngokushisela ukuze kwakheke isakhiwo seketanga esiphelele. Ikhwalithi yokushisela ithinta ngqo amandla okuthwala, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nempilo yesevisi yeketanga le-roller.
Ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini, amaketanga okugoqa adinga ukumelana namandla amakhulu okudonseka kanye nokushayisana, ngakho-ke amandla nokuqina kwamajoyinti ahlanganisiwe kubalulekile. Ukugoqa okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kungaqinisekisa ukuthi iketanga lokugoqa ligcina ukusebenza okuhle ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kunciphise ukuvama kokulungiswa nokufakwa esikhundleni, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi kuncishiswe izindleko zokulungisa.
2. Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller
(I) Ukukhetha izinto
Izinto zochungechunge lwe-roller: Ukukhetha izinto zochungechunge lwe-roller ezifanele kuyisisekelo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokushisela. Izinto zochungechunge lwe-roller ezivamile zifaka insimbi yekhabhoni, insimbi ye-alloy kanye nensimbi engagqwali. Izinto ezahlukene zinezakhiwo ezahlukene zemishini kanye nezici zokushisela, futhi kufanele zikhethwe ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nendawo yokusebenza.
Ucingo lokushisela kanye ne-flux: Ukukhethwa kocingo lokushisela kanye ne-flux kufanele kufane nezinto zochungechunge lwe-roller. Ububanzi, izinto kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kocingo lokushisela kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo yokushisela ukuqinisekisa amandla nokuqina kocingo lokushisela. I-flux isetshenziselwa ukuvikela i-weld ekungcolisweni nasekungcoleni futhi kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokushisela.
(II) Ukuhlolwa kwemishini
Imishini yokushisela: Ngaphambi kokushisela, imishini yokushisela kufanele ihlolwe ngokugcwele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini isebenza kahle. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukuthi ugesi uzinzile yini, ukuthi ikhebula lokushisela lonakele yini, nokuthi isibhamu sokushisela sihlanzekile yini.
Amathuluzi okusiza: Lungisa amathuluzi okusiza adingekayo, njengezinto zokushisela, izibuko zokuzivikela, amagilavu, njll., ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuzinza kwenqubo yokushisela.
(III) Ukuhlanza nokushisa kusengaphambili
Ukuhlanza indawo yokushisela: Ngaphambi kokushisela, indawo yokushisela yeketanga lokugoqa kumele ihlanzwe kahle ukuze kususwe uwoyela, ama-oxide nokunye ukungcola. Ungasebenzisa ibhulashi lensimbi, i-sandpaper noma isihlanzi samakhemikhali ukuze uyihlanze ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokushisela ihlanzekile futhi ithambe.
Ukushisa: Ukushisa kuyadingeka kwezinye izinto zokubopha eziqinile noma eziqinile. Ukushisa kunganciphisa ukucindezeleka kokushisa ngesikhathi sokushisela futhi kuvimbele ukuqhekeka kwe-weld. Izinga lokushisa lokushisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kufanele lilungiswe ngokuya ngezici zezinto kanye nezidingo zenqubo yokushisela.
3. Amapharamitha abalulekile enqubweni yokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller
(I) Ukushisela ugesi kanye ne-voltage
Ukukhetha kwamanje: Ugesi wokushisela uyipharamitha ebalulekile ethinta ikhwalithi yomshini wokushisela kanye nokusebenza kahle komshini wokushisela. Ugesi oweqile ungabangela ukuthi umshini wokushisela ushise ngokweqile, ushise noma ukhiqize ama-pores; ugesi ophansi kakhulu ungabangela ukuthi umshini wokushisela ungahlangani noma ungagcwali ngokwanele. Ukukhethwa komshini wokushisela ofanele kufanele kulungiswe ngokuya ngezinto ezifana nobukhulu bezinto ze-roller chain, indlela yomshini wokushisela kanye nobubanzi bentambo yomshini wokushisela.
Ukulawulwa kwe-voltage: I-voltage yokushisela ithinta ngqo ukungena kanye nesimo se-weld. I-voltage ephezulu kakhulu izoholela endaweni ebanzi nengajulile yokushisela, kuyilapho i-voltage ephansi kakhulu ingabangela ukushisela okuncane futhi ithambekele ekungeneni okungaphelele. Ngokuvamile, i-voltage yokushisela kufanele ilungiswe ngokuya ngogesi wokushisela kanye nobude besandiso sentambo ukuqinisekisa ukufana kanye nokuqina kwe-weld.
(ii) Isivinini sokushisela
Ijubane lokushisela linquma ukujula kokungena kanye nokufakwa kokushisa kwe-weld. Ijubane lokushisela elisheshayo kakhulu lingabangela ukugcwaliswa okunganele kwe-weld, ukuhlanganiswa okungaphelele noma ukunqunywa; ijubane lokushisela elihamba kancane kakhulu lingabangela ukushisa ngokweqile, ukusha noma izimbobo ku-weld. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, ijubane lokushisela elizinzile kufanele ligcinwe futhi lilungiswe ngendlela efanele ngokuya ngomsinga wokushisela, i-voltage kanye nezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo.
(iii) Izinga lokugeleza kwegesi
Ekushiseni okuvikelwe yigesi, izinga lokugeleza kwegesi liyipharamitha ebalulekile. Izinga lokugeleza kwegesi elifanele lingavikela ngempumelelo i-weld ekushiseni nasekungcoleni futhi lithuthukise ikhwalithi yokushiseni. Izinga lokugeleza kwegesi elikhulu kakhulu lingabangela imisinga ye-eddy ebusweni be-weld, okuthinta ukwakheka kwe-weld; izinga lokugeleza kwegesi elincane kakhulu lingase linganikezi isivikelo esanele, okuholela ekushiseni kwe-weld noma ekumuncweni komswakama. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokugeleza kwegesi kufanele lilungiswe ngokwendlela yokushiseni, ububanzi bentambo kanye nesivinini sokushiseni.
(IV) I-engeli yokushisela kanye nendawo
I-angle yokushisela: I-angle yokushisela inethonya elibalulekile ekwakhekeni nasekhwalithini yokushisela. Izindawo ezahlukene zokushisela kanye nezinhlobo zokushisela zidinga ama-engeli ahlukene okushisela. Isibonelo, endaweni yokushisela eyisicaba, isibhamu sokushisela kufanele sigcine i-engeli efanele ukuqinisekisa ukufana nokuhlanganiswa kwe-weld.
Indawo yokushisela: Ukushisela iketanga le-roller kuvame ukwenziwa endaweni yokushisela eyisicaba noma endaweni yokushisela evundlile. Lapho ukhetha indawo yokushisela, ukushisela okungaphezulu noma ukushisela okuqondile kufanele kugwenywe ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe ubunzima bokushisela kanye nokwenzeka kokukhubazeka.
4. Ukwelashwa nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi ngemva kokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller
(I) Ukuhlanza ngemva kokushiswa
Ngemva kokushisela, i-weld kufanele ihlanzwe ukuze kususwe i-welding slag, i-spatter kanye nokunye ukungcola. Ibhulashi lensimbi, isondo lokugaya noma isihlanzi samakhemikhali singasetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokushisela ihlanzekile futhi ithambe.
(II) Ukwelashwa kokushisa ngemva kokushiswa
Ukwelashwa nge-Annealing: Ukwelashwa nge-Annealing kuyadingeka kwamanye amalunga e-weld anokuqina okuphezulu noma anokucindezeleka okuphezulu. I-Annealing ingaqeda ukucindezeleka okusele ngesikhathi sokushisela futhi ithuthukise ukuqina kanye nokumelana nokukhathala kwe-weld.
Ukwelashwa Kokushisa: Ukwelashwa Kokushisa kungathuthukisa kakhulu izakhiwo zemishini ze-weld, kunciphise ubuthakathaka be-weld joint, futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana kwayo nokushayisana.
(III) Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi
Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka: Hlola ngokubuka ukubukeka kwe-weld ukuze uhlole amaphutha afana nokuqhekeka, ama-pores, ama-undercuts, kanye nama-weld angahlanganisiwe. Ubuso be-weld kufanele bube bushelelezi, bufane, futhi bungabi namaphutha asobala.
Ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi: Kumalunga abalulekile okushintshwa, ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi njengokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-x-ray kufanele kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yangaphakathi yokushintshwa. Ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi kungathola amaphutha afana nokuqhekeka, ama-pores, kanye nokufakwa kwe-slag ngaphakathi kokushintshwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuphepha kwelunga lokushintshwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwempahla yemishini: Ukuhlolwa kwempahla yemishini njengokuthamba, ukugoba, kanye nokuqina kwenziwa ejoyintini lokushisela ukuze kuhlolwe amandla nokuqina kwejoyinti. Ukuhlolwa kwempahla yemishini kungaqinisekisa ukuthi ijoyinti lokushisela liyahlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama nokusetshenziswa.
5. Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller
(I) Ukuvikelwa komuntu siqu
Imishini yokuvikela: Abasebenzi bokushisela kufanele bagqoke imishini yokuvikela efanele, njengezigqoko zokushisela, izibuko zokuvikela, amagilavu okuvikela, izingubo zokuvikela kanye nezicathulo ezivikela ukushisa, njll., ukuvimbela ukuchitheka, i-arc kanye nokushisa okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokushisela ukuthi kungabangela umonakalo emzimbeni.
Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula: Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, kuzokhiqizwa intuthu enkulu kanye namagesi ayingozi, njenge-carbon monoxide kanye ne-nitrogen oxides. Abasebenzi kufanele bagqoke ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula, njengezifihla-buso zegesi noma izihlanzi zomoya, ukuze bagweme ukuphefumula amagesi ayingozi futhi bavikele impilo yesistimu yokuphefumula.
(II) Indawo yokusebenza
Umoya omuhle wokungenisa umoya: Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokusebenza yokushisela inomoya omuhle wokungenisa umoya ukuze kugwenywe ukunqwabelana kwentuthu yokushisela kanye namagesi ayingozi. Amafeni okukhipha umoya, amapayipi okungenisa umoya kanye neminye imishini ingafakwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yomoya endaweni yokusebenza.
Izindlela zokuvimbela umlilo: Kuzovela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nezinhlansi ngesikhathi sokushisela, okungadala kalula imililo. Imishini yokulwa nomlilo njengezicisha-mlilo kanye nezingubo zomlilo kufanele ifakwe endaweni yokusebenza, futhi izinto ezivuthayo kufanele zigcinwe kude nendawo yokushisela.
(III) Ukuphepha kwemishini
Ukuhlolwa Kwemishini: Ngaphambi kokusebenza ngakunye kokushisela, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwemishini yokushisela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini isebenza kahle. Okuqukethwe kokuhlolwa kufaka phakathi ukuthi ugesi uzinzile yini, ukuthi ikhebula lokushisela lonakele, ukuthi isibhamu sokushisela sihlanzekile yini, njll. Uma imishini itholakala ingajwayelekile noma inephutha, kufanele ilungiswe noma ishintshwe ngesikhathi, futhi akumele isetshenziswe kanye nephutha.
Ukuvikelwa kokumisa umhlabathi: Imishini yokushisela kufanele ibe nokuvikelwa okuhle kokumisa umhlabathi ukuze kuvinjelwe izingozi zokushaqeka kukagesi. Qinisekisa ukuthi ucingo lokumisa umhlabathi lwemishini yokushisela luxhunywe ngokuqinile futhi ukumelana kokumisa umhlabathi kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha.
6. Izinkinga ezivamile kanye nezixazululo zokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller
(I) Amaphutha okushisela
Imifantu: Imifantu yokushisela ingenye yeziphambeko ezivamile ekushiseleni kwe-roller chain, okubangelwa kakhulu ukucindezeleka kokushisela, ubulukhuni obukhulu bezinto zokwakha, imingcele yokushisela engafanele nezinye izici. Izixazululo zifaka phakathi ukushisa kusengaphambili, ukulawula imingcele yokushisela, ukukhetha izinto zokushisela ezifanele kanye nokwenza ukwelashwa kokushisa ngemva kokushisela.
Ukugoba: Isizathu esiyinhloko sokukhiqizwa kwama-pores ukuthi igesi ayiphumeli ku-weld ngesikhathi ngesikhathi sokushisela, okuholela ezimbobeni ngaphakathi noma ebusweni be-weld. Izixazululo zifaka phakathi ukuhlanza indawo yokushisela, ukulawula isivinini sokushisela kanye nokugeleza kwegesi, nokukhetha izinto zokushisela ezifanele.
Ukuhlanganiswa okungaphelele: Ukuhlanganiswa okungaphelele kubhekisela esimweni sokuthi insimbi yokushisela ayihlanganiswanga ngokuphelele nezinto eziyinhloko noma insimbi yokushisela. Izixazululo zifaka phakathi ukwandisa ugesi wokushisela, ukulungisa i-engeli yokushisela, ukuqinisekisa ukuthintana okugcwele phakathi kocingo lokushisela nezinto eziyisisekelo, njll.
(II) Ukuguqulwa kokushisela
Ukuguquguquka kokushisela kungenye yezinkinga ezivamile ekushiseni kwe-roller chain, okubangelwa kakhulu ukucindezeleka kokushisa kanye nokucindezeleka kokuncipha okubangelwa ngesikhathi sokushisela. Izixazululo zifaka phakathi ukwamukela ukulandelana kokushisela okunengqondo, ukusebenzisa izinto zokushisela ukulungisa, ukulawula amapharamitha okushisela, njll.
(III) Ukusebenza kahle kokushisela okuphansi
Ukusebenza kahle kokushisela okuphansi kungabangelwa izilungiselelo ezingafanele zepharamitha yokushisela, ukusebenza okungafanele noma ukusebenza kabi kwemishini. Izixazululo zifaka phakathi ukwenza ngcono ipharamitha yokushisela, ukuthuthukisa izinga lamakhono labasebenzi, kanye nokukhetha imishini nezinqubo zokushisela ezisebenza kahle.
7. Isu lokwenza ngcono ukushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller
(I) Ukushisela okuzenzakalelayo
Ukushisela okuzenzakalelayo kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi yokushisela futhi kunciphise ithonya lezici zabantu. Ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokushisela lwerobhothi noma imishini yokushisela ezenzakalelayo, ukulawulwa okunembile kanye nokuphindaphindeka kwenqubo yokushisela kungafinyelelwa, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yokushisela kungathuthukiswa.
(II) Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokushisela
Ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zokushisela ngokuqhubekayo, njengokwamukela izindlela ezintsha zokushisela, ukwenza ngcono amapharamitha okushisela, nokuthuthukisa izinto ezintsha zokushisela, kungathuthukisa ngempumelelo ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kokushisela kwe-roller chain. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokushisela obuthuthukisiwe njengoshisela we-laser kanye nokushisela kwe-plasma kungafeza ukushisela okusheshayo nokuseqophelweni eliphezulu.
(III) Uhlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi
Misa uhlelo oluphelele lokulawula ikhwalithi, kusukela ekuhlolweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuqapha inqubo yokushisela kuya ekuhlolweni komkhiqizo oqediwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isixhumanisi ngasinye sihlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi. Ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi, amaphutha okushisela angancishiswa ngempumelelo futhi ikhwalithi iyonke yamaketanga okugoqa ingathuthukiswa.
8. Isiphetho
Ukushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi nebucayi ehilela amapharamitha amaningi abalulekile kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha. Ngokukhetha izinto zokwakha ngokufanele, ukwenza ngcono amapharamitha okushisela, ukuqinisa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuvikelwa kokuphepha, ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller kungathuthukiswa ngempumelelo ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwayo kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza. Ekukhiqizweni kwangempela, inqubo yokushisela efanelekile kanye nohlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi kufanele kwakhiwe ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zesicelo kanye nendawo yokusebenza ukuze kufezwe ukushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller olusebenza kahle futhi olusezingeni eliphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-14-2025