Uchungechunge lwenani lezolimoUhlaka luwumqondo obalulekile emkhakheni wezolimo futhi ludlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokuphakelwa kokudla emhlabeni jikelele. Luhlanganisa yonke inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwezolimo, kusukela esigabeni sokuqala sokulima kuya esigabeni sokugcina sokusabalalisa nokusetshenziswa. Ukuqonda uhlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo kubalulekile kubabambiqhaza bomkhakha wezolimo njengoba lunikeza ukuqonda ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene lapho imikhiqizo yezolimo ingena khona emakethe kanye nenani elongeziwe esigabeni ngasinye.
Uhlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo lungachazwa njengeqoqo lemisebenzi nezinqubo ezihlobene ezihilelekile ekukhiqizweni, ekucutshungulweni nasekusatshalalisweni kwemikhiqizo yezolimo. Luhlanganisa zonke izigaba kusukela ekuhlinzekweni kokufakwayo, ekukhiqizweni, ekuphathweni ngemva kokuvunwa, ekucutshungulweni, ekumakethweni nasekusatshalalisweni kuya kumthengi wokugcina. Isigaba ngasinye se-value chain senezela inani emikhiqizweni yezolimo futhi uhlaka lunikeza umbono ophelele wenqubo yonke.
Uhlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo luyisistimu eyinkimbinkimbi neguquguqukayo ehilela abathintekayo abaningi, okuhlanganisa abalimi, abaphakeli bezinto zokufaka, abakhiqizi bezolimo, abathengisi ngobuningi, abathengisi kanye nabathengi. Umbambiqhaza ngamunye udlala indima ethile ku-value chain, futhi ukusebenzisana kwabo kanye nobudlelwano babo kubalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kohlelo lonke.
Uhlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo lubalulekile ekuqondeni ukugeleza kwemikhiqizo yezolimo kusuka epulazini kuya kubathengi kanye nokwengezwa kwenani okwenzeka esigabeni ngasinye. Lunikeza umbono ophelele wemisebenzi nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene ezihilelekile ekuletheni imikhiqizo yezolimo emakethe futhi lusiza ekuboneni amathuba okuthuthukisa nokwenza ngcono ngaphakathi kwe-value chain.
Uhlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo lungabhekwa njengochungechunge lwezigaba ezihlobene, ngasinye sinezela inani emikhiqizweni yezolimo. Uhlaka luqala ngesigaba sokunikezwa kokufakwayo, lapho abalimi bethola khona okokufaka okudingekayo ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo, njengembewu, umanyolo kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane. Lesi sigaba sibaluleke kakhulu, sibeka isisekelo salo lonke uchungechunge lwe-value futhi sithonya ikhwalithi kanye nenani lomkhiqizo wokugcina wezolimo.
Isigaba esilandelayo ohlakeni lwe-value chain yezolimo yisigaba sokukhiqiza, lapho abalimi bekhulisa futhi bevuna khona imikhiqizo yezolimo. Lesi sigaba sihilela imisebenzi ehlukahlukene njengokulungiselela umhlaba, ukutshala, ukunisela kanye nokulawula izinambuzane. Ukusebenza kahle kanye nokukhiqiza kwesigaba sokukhiqiza kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi kanye nenani lemikhiqizo yezolimo futhi ekugcineni kunquma impumelelo ye-value chain.
Ngemva kwesigaba sokukhiqiza, isigaba sokuphatha nokucubungula ngemva kokuvunwa yilapho imikhiqizo yezolimo ilungiselelwa ukusatshalaliswa nokusetshenziswa. Lesi sigaba sihilela imisebenzi efana nokuhlunga, ukuhlela, ukupakisha nokucubungula imikhiqizo yezolimo ukuze kuthuthukiswe isikhathi sayo sokuphelelwa yisikhathi kanye nokuthengiseka. Ukulahlekelwa ngemva kokuvunwa kungenzeka kulesi sigaba, futhi ukuphathwa nokucubungula okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ekunciphiseni lokhu kulahlekelwa nokugcina ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Isigaba sokumaketha nokusabalalisa yisigaba esilandelayo esibalulekile ohlakeni lwenani lezolimo, lapho imikhiqizo yezolimo ilethwa emakethe futhi itholakale kubathengi. Lesi sigaba sihilela imisebenzi efana nokuthutha, ukugcina impahla, kanye nokufinyelela emakethe, futhi sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaniseni imikhiqizo yezolimo nabathengi bokugcina. Ukumaketha nokusabalalisa okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yezolimo ifinyelela izimakethe eziqondiwe ngesikhathi nangamanani ancintisanayo.
Isigaba sokugcina sohlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo yisigaba sokusetshenziswa, lapho imikhiqizo yezolimo isetshenziswa khona ngumthengi wokugcina. Lesi sigaba sihilela imisebenzi efana nokuthengisa, ukulungiselela ukudla kanye nokusetshenziswa futhi siyisiqongo salo lonke uchungechunge lwe-value. Ukuqonda okuthandwa ngabathengi nezidingo kubalulekile kulesi sigaba njengoba kuthinta izinqumo zokukhiqiza kanye nokumaketha kulo lonke uchungechunge lwe-value.
Uhlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo luthonywa yizici eziningi, okuhlanganisa intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ukuguquguquka kwemakethe, izinhlaka zenqubomgomo nezomthetho, kanye nezici zemvelo. Lezi zici zingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle nasekusebenzeni kahle kwe-value chain futhi zingadala amathuba noma izinselele kubabambiqhaza abafanele.
Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe efana nokulima okunembile kanye namathuluzi okulima ngedijithali anamandla okukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokukhiqiza kwezinketho zenani lezolimo. Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela abalimi ukuthi bathuthukise izinqubo zokukhiqiza, banciphise izindleko zokufaka futhi bathuthukise ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulatifomu edijithali kanye nezixazululo ze-e-commerce ziguqule indlela imikhiqizo yezolimo ethengiswa futhi isatshalaliswa ngayo, okuhlinzeka ngamathuba amasha okufinyelela emakethe kanye nokubandakanyeka kwabathengi.
Ukuguquguquka kwemakethe, okuhlanganisa ukushintsha kwezintandokazi zabathengi, amaphethini okuhweba emhlabeni wonke kanye nokushintshashintsha kwamanani, nakho kuthinta uhlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo. Ukuqonda izitayela nezidingo zemakethe kubalulekile kubabambiqhaza ukuze benze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana namasu okukhiqiza, ukumaketha, kanye nokusabalalisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlaka zenqubomgomo kanye nemithetho efana nezivumelwano zokuhweba, amazinga okuphepha kokudla kanye nezibonelelo zezolimo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-value chain kanye nokuncintisana kwemikhiqizo yezolimo ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke.
Izici zemvelo ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuphathwa kwezinsiza zemvelo kanye nemikhuba eqhubekayo ziya ngokuya zibaluleke kakhulu ohlakeni lwezohwebo lwezolimo. Imikhuba yezolimo eqhubekayo, okuhlanganisa ukulima okungokwemvelo, i-agroecology kanye nezolimo zokulondoloza imvelo, ithola ukunakwa okwandayo njengoba abathintekayo beqaphela ukubaluleka kokuphathwa kwezemvelo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezinsiza ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo.
Uhlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo lunikeza umbono ophelele wemisebenzi ehlobene kanye nezinqubo ezihilelekile ekuletheni imikhiqizo yezolimo emakethe. Luvumela ababambiqhaza ukuthi babone amathuba okwengezwa kwenani, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kanye nokufinyelela emakethe, futhi lusebenza njengethuluzi eliwusizo lokwenza izinqumo kanye nokuhlela amasu emkhakheni wezolimo.
Ngamafuphi, uhlaka lwe-value chain yezolimo luwumqondo oyinhloko ohlanganisa yonke inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwezolimo kusukela ekuhlinzekweni kokufakwayo kuya ekusetshenzisweni. Ukuqonda lolu hlaka kubalulekile kubabambiqhaza bomkhakha wezolimo njengoba lunikeza ukuqonda ngezigaba ezahlukene zokuletha imikhiqizo yezolimo emakethe kanye nenani elengeziwe esigabeni ngasinye. Lolu hlaka luthonywa yizici ezifana nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ukuguquguquka kwemakethe, izinhlaka zenqubomgomo kanye nemithethonqubo, kanye nokucatshangelwa kwemvelo, futhi ludlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni uhlelo lokuhlinzekwa kokudla emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokuqonda ngokuphelele kanye nokwenza ngcono izinhlaka ze-value chain yezolimo, ababambiqhaza bangathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, ukusimama kanye nokuncintisana kwemikhiqizo yezolimo ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-12-2024