Ububanzi bokushisa obufanele bokuhlolwa kokuqina kochungechunge lwe-roller

Ububanzi bokushisa obufanele bokuhlolwa kokuqina kochungechunge lwe-roller

Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza kwezimboni kanye nokudluliselwa kwemishini, i-roller chain iyisici esibalulekile sokudlulisa, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuhlobene ngqo nokusebenza kahle kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo kwemishini yemishini. Ukuqina kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokusebenza kwe-roller chain, esithinta ukumelana nokuguguleka, ukumelana nokukhathala kanye namandla aphelele e-roller chain. Ukuze kuhlolwe ngokunembile ubulukhuni be-roller chain futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza, ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni kube yisixhumanisi esibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwe-roller chain, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi. Ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucacisa ububanzi bokushisa obufanele bokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-roller chain. Kusukela ezimisweni eziyisisekelo zokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-roller chain, leli phepha lizohlola ngokujulile ithonya lokushisa emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni, futhi lihlanganise amazinga afanele kanye nocwaningo lokuhlola ukuze kuhlaziywe futhi kunqunywe ububanzi bokushisa obufanele bokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-roller chain, kuhloswe ukunikeza ireferensi ebalulekile kubakhiqizi be-roller chain, izinhlangano zokuhlola ikhwalithi kanye nochwepheshe abahlobene.

1. Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-roller chain
Ukuqina kubhekisela ekhonweni lento yokumelana nezinto eziqinile ezicindezelayo ebusweni bayo, futhi kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokulinganisa ubulukhuni bento. Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni kwe-roller chain kuvame ukusebenzisa i-Rockwell hardness tester, esebenzisa i-diamond indenter noma i-carbide indenter ukucindezela i-indenter ebusweni bengxenye evivinyiwe ye-roller chain ngaphansi komthwalo ocacisiwe, futhi inquma inani layo lobulukhuni ngokulinganisa ukujula kwe-indenti. I-Rockwell hardness tester inezinzuzo zokusebenza okulula, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye ne-indenti encane, futhi ifanele ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni bezingxenye ezincane neziphakathi ezikhiqizwe ngamaqoqo afana ne-roller chain.
I-roller chain yakhiwe kakhulu yi-inner chain plate, i-outer chain plate, i-pin, i-sleeve kanye ne-roller, futhi izidingo zobulukhuni zengxenye ngayinye zihlukile. Isibonelo, i-pin kanye ne-sleeve, njengezingxenye ezibalulekile zokudlulisela ze-roller chain, kudingeka zibe nobulukhuni obuphezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwazo nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nokukhathala. Ngokuvamile, ubulukhuni bomphezulu be-pin kanye ne-sleeve buyadingeka ukuthi bube phakathi kwe-HRC30 ne-HRC40, kuyilapho ubulukhuni be-inner chain plate kanye ne-outer chain plate buphansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kwe-HRC20 ne-HRC30. Ngokuklama nokulawula ubulukhuni okunengqondo, kungaqinisekiswa ukuthi i-roller chain isebenza kahle futhi iphila isikhathi eside ngesikhathi sokudlulisela.

2. Ithonya lokushisa ekuhlolweni kobulukhuni bamaketanga okugoqa
Izinga lokushisa liyisici esibalulekile esithinta ubulukhuni bezinto zokwakha. Lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha, isakhiwo esincane kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba zezinto zokwakha uchungechunge lwe-roller zizoshintsha ngokufanele, okubangela ubulukhuni bazo ukuthi bushintshe ngokufanele. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kobulukhuni, ithonya lokushisa emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-roller chain libonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
(I) Izinguquko esakhiweni esincane sezinto zokwakha
Ubulukhuni bezinto zensimbi buxhomeke kakhulu esakhiweni sazo esincane. Uma sithatha izinto zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe ezivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-roller chain njengesibonelo, isakhiwo se-metallographic sensimbi ehlanganisiwe sizoshintsha emazingeni okushisa ahlukene. Isibonelo, emazingeni okushisa aphansi, i-ferrite, i-pearlite nezinye izakhiwo ensimbi ehlanganisiwe zizinzile, futhi ubulukhuni bezinto bunqunywa kakhulu ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nesakhiwo se-metallographic. Kodwa-ke, lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, izinga lokusabalala kwama-athomu e-carbon kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe ensimbi ehlanganisiwe liyashesha, okungase kubangele ukukhula kokusanhlamvu kanye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo ngaphakathi kwezinto. Lezi zinguquko esakhiweni esincane zizothinta ngqo ubulukhuni bezinto, okubangela ukuphambuka emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni. Ngokuvamile, ubulukhuni bezinto buzoncipha njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa kwenza buthaka amandla okubopha ama-athomu ngaphakathi kwezinto, okwenza kube lula ukuthi ukuhlukana kuhambe, okuholela ekunciphiseni ikhono lezinto lokumelana nokungena kwezinto eziqinile.
(II) Ukunemba kwesihloli sokuqina
Njengethuluzi lokulinganisa ngokunembile, ukunemba kwesihloli sokuqina kuzothinteka yizinga lokushisa elizungezile. I-indenter, intwasahlobo, indlela ye-micrometer kanye nezinye izingxenye zesihloli sokuqina zenziwe ngezinto zensimbi. Izinguquko zokushisa zizobangela ukwanda noma ukufinyela kokushisa kwalezi zingxenye, ngaleyo ndlela zishintshe i-geometry yesihlomelo, ukuqina kwentwasahlobo kanye nokunemba kwendlela ye-micrometer. Isibonelo, lapho izinga lokushisa elizungezile likhuphuka, i-indenter yesihloli sokuqina inganda kancane, okuholela enanini elikhulu lokulinganisa ukujula kokugoba, okwenza inani lokuqina elilinganisiwe libe phansi; ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho izinga lokushisa elizungezile lehla, i-indenter iyancipha, inani lokulinganisa ukujula kokugoba lincane, kanti inani lokuqina elilinganisiwe liphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko zokushisa zingathinta nokuzinza kwesibonakaliso sesihloli sokuqina, okuholela ekuphindaphindeni okubi kanye nokuphindaphindwa kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Ngakho-ke, lapho usebenzisa isihloli sokuqina ukwenza izivivinyo zokuqina kwe-roller chain ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezahlukene, isihloli sokuqina kumele silinganiswe futhi silungiswe ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemiphumela yaso yokulinganisa.
(III) Ukwandiswa kokushisa kwezingxenye ze-roller chain
Izinguquko zokushisa zizobangela ukwanda noma ukufinyela kokushisa kwezingxenye ezahlukene ze-roller chain, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte indawo kanye nenani lokulinganisa lokuhlolwa kobulukhuni. Ipuleti lesixhumanisi sangaphakathi, ipuleti lesixhumanisi sangaphandle, iphini, umkhono kanye ne-roller ye-roller chain ine-coefficients yokwanda kokushisa emazingeni okushisa ahlukene. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, usayizi walezi zingxenye uzoshintsha, okungabangela ukuthi indawo yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni iphambuke ezidingweni zomklamo. Isibonelo, indawo lapho ubulukhuni bomphezulu wephini kufanele buhlolwe khona ingase ithambekele ngaphakathi noma emaphethelweni ephini ngenxa yokwanda kokushisa kwephini ngemva kokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kokushisa kuzophinde kubangele ukusatshalaliswa kabusha kokucindezeleka ngaphakathi kwezingxenye ze-roller chain, okuzothinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo kobulukhuni.

3. Ububanzi bokushisa obufanele bokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-roller chain

Ngokwezindinganiso ezifanele kanye nenani elikhulu lezifundo zokuhlola, izinga lokushisa elifanele lokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-roller chain ngokuvamile lingu-10℃-35℃. Ukuhlolwa kokuqina ngaphakathi kwalolu hlu lokushisa kunganciphisa umthelela wokushisa emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa futhi kuqinisekise ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuqina.

(I) Izidingo zokushisa zezindinganiso ezifanele
Izinga lomhlaba wonke: ISO 606:2015 “Amaketanga okujikijela okuqondile okufushane, ama-sprocket kanye nezinhlelo zokushayela iketanga zokudlulisa” ibeka ukuthi ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni bamaketanga okujikijela kufanele kwenziwe ekushiseni kwegumbi, okuvame ukubhekisela ebangeni lokushisa elizungezile elingu-20℃±5℃. Leli zinga lihlinzeka ngencazelo yokushisa kokuhlolwa kobulukhuni okuhlanganisiwe kokukhiqizwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamaketanga okujikijela, okusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kanye nokuqhathaniswa kwezinkomba zobulukhuni bamaketanga okujikijela akhiqizwa abakhiqizi abahlukene.
Izinga likazwelonke: Izinga likazwelonke laseShayina i-GB/T 1243-2006 “Amaketanga nama-sprocket e-roller aqondile okuphamba okufushane okudlulisa” liphinde lisho ngokusobala ukuthi ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni bamaketanga e-roller kufanele kwenziwe ekushiseni kwegumbi, okulawulwa ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-10℃-35℃. Ukubekwa kwaleli banga lokushisa kucabangela ngokugcwele izimo zezulu kanye nendawo yokukhiqiza yezimboni ezindaweni ezahlukene zezwe lami, futhi kusebenza kahle futhi kuyasebenza.
(II) Imiphumela yocwaningo lokuhlola
Ithonya lokushisa emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni: Ngenani elikhulu lezifundo zokuhlola, kutholakale ukuthi ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elingu-10℃-35℃, amanani obulukhuni bezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ze-roller chain azinzile, futhi ithonya lokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni lincane. Isibonelo, iqoqo lama-roller chain pin anencazelo efanayo ahlolwe ku-10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃ kanye no-35℃ ngokulandelana. Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elingu-10℃-35℃, ububanzi bokuguquguquka kwenani lobulukhuni be-pin ngokuvamile bungaphakathi kwe-±2HRC. Lolu bubanzi bokuguquguquka bungaphakathi kwebanga lamaphutha amukelekayo futhi ngeke lube nomthelela omkhulu ekwahluleleni kwekhwalithi kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-roller chain.
Umthelela wokushisa odlula ibanga elifanele: Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kuno-10℃, ubunzima bezinto zochungechunge lwe-roller buzokhula kakhulu, okungaholela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kobunzima obuphezulu futhi kwahlulele kabi izinga lobunzima be-roller chain. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lingenza izingxenye zochungechunge lwe-roller zibe buthaka futhi ziqine, zinciphise ukuqina kwazo, futhi zikhiqize kalula imifantu noma ama-fracture ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kobunzima, okuthinta inqubekela phambili evamile yokuhlolwa. Uma izinga lokushisa liphakeme kuno-35℃, ubunzima bezinto zochungechunge lwe-roller buzoncishiswa kakhulu, futhi imiphumela yokuhlolwa izoba phansi, okungenakukwazi ngempela ukukhombisa izinga lobunzima bangempela be-roller chain. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga okushisa aphezulu angasheshisa nokuguguleka nokuguquka kwezingxenye zochungechunge lwe-roller futhi afinyeze impilo yazo yesevisi.

4. Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokulawula izinga lokushisa ekuhlolweni kokuqina kwe-roller chain
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-roller chain, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulawula izinga lokushisa ezisebenzayo ngesikhathi senqubo yangempela yokuhlola:
(I) Ukulawula izinga lokushisa elizungezile
Ilabhorethri yokuhlola ubulukhuni kufanele ifakwe umoya opholile, imishini yokushisa engaguquki, njll., ukulawula ngokuqinile izinga lokushisa elingaphakathi kwebanga elifanele lika-10℃-35℃. Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, imishini yokulawula izinga lokushisa kufanele ivulwe kusengaphambili ukuze kuzinziswe izinga lokushisa lelabhorethri futhi kugcinwe izinga lokushisa lingaguquki ukuze kugwenywe ukuthinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngenxa yokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukugwema ukwenza ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni elangeni eliqondile, eduze kwemithombo yokushisa noma imigodi yomoya, njll., ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwezici zemvelo zangaphandle ekushiseni kwelabhorethri.
(II) Ukulungiswa kwezinga lokushisa lesampula
Ngaphambi kokubeka isampula ye-roller chain ku-hardness tester ukuze ihlolwe, kufanele ibekwe endaweni yelabhorethri isikhathi esithile ukuze ilinganise izinga lokushisa layo nezinga lokushisa lendawo yelabhorethri. Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukubeka isampula isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-2-3 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lesampula liyafana. Kwamanye amasampula e-roller chain athathwe ezindaweni zokushisa eziphakeme noma eziphansi, kufanele kunakwe ngokukhethekile ukulungiswa kwezinga lokushisa ukuze kugwenywe ukuminyana noma ukucindezeleka kokushisa okubangelwa umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinga lokushisa lesampula kanye nezinga lokushisa elizungezile, okuzothinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuqina.
(III) Ukulinganiswa kwezinga lokushisa kwesihloli sokuqina
Umhloli wobulukhuni kufanele ahlolwe njalo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokulinganisa kwawo ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezahlukene. Umhloli wobulukhuni angalinganiswa ngebhulokhi yobulukhuni ejwayelekile. Inani lobulukhuni lebhulokhi yobulukhuni ejwayelekile lilinganiswe yinhlangano enegunya futhi linenani lobulukhuni elaziwayo emazingeni okushisa ahlukene. Lapho kulinganiswa umhloli wobulukhuni, ibhulokhi yobulukhuni ejwayelekile kanye nomhloli wobulukhuni kufanele kubekwe ndawonye ekushiseni okufanayo okuzungezile njengokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-roller chain. Ngemva kokuba izinga lokushisa selilinganisiwe, umsebenzi wokulinganisa kufanele wenziwe, futhi indlela yokulinganisa encane kanye nesibonakaliso somhloli wobulukhuni kufanele kulungiswe ukuze kwenziwe umphumela wokulinganisa uhambisane nenani lobulukhuni lebhulokhi yobulukhuni ejwayelekile. Ngokulinganiswa kwezinga lokushisa okuvamile, ithonya lokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ekulinganisweni kokulinganisa komhloli wobulukhuni lingasuswa ngempumelelo, futhi ukuthembeka kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-roller chain kungaqinisekiswa.

5. Ukuhlaziywa Kwecala
Lapho umenzi weketanga lama-roller ekhiqiza iqoqo lamaketanga ama-roller anamandla aphezulu, wayephatha ngokushisa nangokucophelela izingxenye ezahlukene zeketanga lama-roller ngokuhambisana nezidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza. Esixhumini sokuhlola ikhwalithi yobunzima ngaphambi kokushiya ifektri, ama-pin eketanga lama-roller ahlolwe ubulukhuni ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokulawula ikhwalithi zenkampani. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kwatholakala ukuthi amanani obulukhuni bamanye ama-pin ayephansi kunomkhawulo ophansi wezidingo zokuklama, okwadonsela ukunaka kwenkampani.
Ngemva kophenyo oluningiliziwe, kwatholakala ukuthi ngosuku lokuhlolwa kobulukhuni, ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwemishini yokupholisa umoya elabhorethri, izinga lokushisa elizungezile laliphezulu njengo-38°C, okwadlula izinga lokushisa elifanele lokuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-roller chain. Inkampani yathatha izinyathelo ngokushesha zokuhambisa ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni kwenye ilabhorethri enezinga lokushisa elizungezile elihlangabezana nezidingo (22°C) zokuhlolwa kabusha. Imiphumela yokuhlola kabusha ibonise ukuthi amanani obulukhuni be-pin ayengaphakathi kwezidingo zokuklama futhi ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi indawo yokushisa ephezulu ibangele ukuphambuka kwemiphumela yokuhlola ubulukhuni, okwenza inani lobulukhuni be-pin lithathwe kancane. Leli cala libonisa ukubaluleka kokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa ekuhlolweni kobulukhuni be-roller chains. Kuphela ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elifanele lapho ubuqiniso nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokuhlola kungaqinisekiswa, ukwahlulela okungalungile kwekhwalithi okubangelwa yizici zokushisa kungagwenywa, futhi ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-roller chain kungaqinisekiswa.

6. Isiphetho
Ububanzi bokushisa obufanele bokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-roller chain bungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Ithonya lokushisa ekuhlolweni kokuqina kwe-roller chain libonakala kakhulu ezinguqukweni zesakhiwo esincane sezinto ezibonakalayo, ukunemba komhloli wokuqina, kanye nokwanda kokushisa kwezingxenye ze-roller chain. Ngokwezinhlinzeko zezindinganiso ezifanele kanye nokuqinisekiswa kocwaningo lokuhlola, i-10℃-35℃ ibhekwa njengobubanzi bokushisa obufanele bokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-roller chain. Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuqina ngaphakathi kwalolu bubanzi bokushisa kunganciphisa umthelela wokushisa emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa futhi kunikeze isisekelo esithembekile sokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-roller chain.
Enqubweni yangempela yokuhlola ubulukhuni be-roller chain, amabhizinisi kanye nezinhlangano zokuhlola ikhwalithi kufanele zilandele ngokuqinile izidingo ezijwayelekile futhi zithathe izinyathelo zokulawula izinga lokushisa ezisebenzayo, okuhlanganisa nokulawula izinga lokushisa elizungezile, ukulungiswa kwezinga lokushisa lesampula, kanye nokulinganiswa kwezinga lokushisa lomhloli wobulukhuni, ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqonda okujulile kwendlela yethonya lokushisa ekuhlolweni kobulukhuni be-roller chain kuzosiza ekuthuthukiseni izindlela nezinqubo zokuhlola ubulukhuni, kuthuthukise izinga lokulawula ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-roller chain, futhi kukhuthaze intuthuko enempilo yemboni ye-roller chain.

Ngamafuphi, ububanzi bokushisa obufanele bokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-roller chain buyinkinga edinga ukuqashelwa kakhulu. Kuphela ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuqina ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezifanele lapho ukusebenza kokuqina kwe-roller chain kungabonakala khona ngempela futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene kungaqinisekiswa. Esikhathini esizayo, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yesayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlola, sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ucwaningo lokushisa lokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-roller chain luzoba ngokujulile nangokunembile, lunikeze ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe okunamandla kakhulu kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwe-roller chain.