Ukubuyekezwa Kwabathengisi Bezitolo Abakhulu BaseSaudi: Inqubo Yokuthola Izinto Ezenzelwe Wena Yezintambo Ezigoqekayo
Ebhizinisini lamazwe ngamazwe le-roller chain, imakethe yaseSaudi, ngesidingo sayo esinamandla sezimboni (imishini kawoyela, ubunjiniyela bokwakha, imishini yezolimo, njll.), isibe yindawo ebalulekile kubasabalalisi bomhlaba wonke. Ukuthola izinto ngokwezifiso kancane kancane kuba yimodeli ekhethwayo kubathengisi bezitolo abakhulu baseSaudi ukunciphisa izindleko nokuthuthukisa ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. Lesi sihloko, esisekelwe ekubuyekezweni kwangempela kwabathengisi bezitolo abathathu abanolwazi baseSaudi, sihlukanisa amaphuzu ayinhloko enqubo yonke yokuthola izinto ngokwezifiso, sinikeza umhlahlandlela wokubhekisela kubasabalalisi bamazwe ngamazwe.
**Izici Zemakethe Ye-Saudi Roller Chain kanye Nezindlela Zokuthola Izinto Ezenziwe Ngokwezifiso**
**Izizathu Ezi-3 Eziyinhloko Zokuthi Abathengisi Abathengisa Ngobuningi BaseSaudi Bakhethe Ukuthola Okungokwezifiso (Ngezibuyekezo Zangempela)**
**Ukuhlukaniswa Okuphelele Kwenqubo Yokuthola I-Roller Chain Eyenziwe Ngokwezifiso (Kusukela Ekudingweni Kuya Ekulethweni)**
**Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zokuthola Izimpahla Ngokwezifiso Emehlweni Abathengisi Abathengisa Ngobuningi BaseSaudi**
**Iziphakamiso Eziwusizo Zabasabalalisi Bomhlaba Wonke Ukuze Bahlangabezane Nezidingo Ezilungiselelwe Ngokwezifiso ZaseSaudi**
**Isiphetho: Ukwenza ngokwezifiso kuyisihluthulelo sokuvula imakethe yaseSaudi**
**Izici Zemakethe Ye-Saudi Roller Chain kanye Nezindlela Zokuthola Izinto Ezenziwe Ngokwezifiso**
Njengesikhungo sezimboni saseMpumalanga Ephakathi, iSaudi Arabia ihlala iphakathi kwezifunda eziphezulu ngokwesidingo se-roller chain. Izici eziyinhloko zale makethe zigxile emaphuzu amathathu: Okokuqala, izimo zokusetshenziswa zigxile (imishini yokukhipha uwoyela, imishini yokwakha esindayo, kanye nemishini emikhulu yezolimo ingaphezu kuka-70%); okwesibili, izidingo zokuzivumelanisa nezimo zomkhiqizo ziphezulu kakhulu (ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nokugqwala ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu nezinothuli kudingeka kuthuthukiswe ngokukhethekile); okwesithathu, inani lokuthenga likhulu futhi umjikelezo wokulethwa uchazwe ngokucacile (abathengisi abaningi bayizikhungo zokusabalalisa zesifunda futhi badinga ukuphendula ngokushesha ezidingweni zamafektri angaphansi komfula).
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, "ubunzima bokuzivumelanisa namamodeli avamile kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu kwesitoko" kube yizindawo ezivame ukuba buhlungu kubathengisi baseSaudi. Ukuthengwa okwenziwe ngokwezifiso, ngezinzuzo zako "zokukhiqiza ngokufunwa, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okunembile, kanye nokunciphisa isitoko," kuye kwaba yisinqumo esivamile ngokushesha. Njengoba umthengisi wezitolo waseSaudi Riyadh u-Abdul Rahman eshilo, "Ukwenza ngokwezifiso akuyona 'isidingo esikhethekile,' kodwa 'isidingo esiyisisekelo' semakethe yaseSaudi—abahlinzeki abangenawo amakhono okwenza ngokwezifiso bazokuthola kunzima ukusinda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi."
I. Izizathu Ezintathu Eziyinhloko Zokuthi Abathengisi Abathengisa Ngobuningi BaseSaudi Bakhethe Ukuthengwa Okungokwezifiso (ngokubukezwa Kwangempela)
1. Ukuzivumelanisa Nezimo Ezikhethekile Zokusebenza, Ukuxazulula Ubuhlungu Bezintambo “Ezingasebenziseki”
I-Saudi Arabia ibhekene namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye neziphepho zothuli. Amaketanga e-roller asetshenziswa emishinini ye-oyili kudingeka amelane namazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-120°C, kuyilapho amaketanga e-roller asetshenziswa emishinini yokwakha kudingeka amelane nokuguguleka kwesihlabathi. Amaketanga e-roller avamile avame ukuba namazinga aphezulu okwehluleka ngenxa "yokungalingani kokusebenza," kuyilapho ukwenza ngokwezifiso kuvumela ukulungiswa okuqondiwe kwezinto (njengensimbi engagqwali noma ama-alloy okushisa okuphezulu) kanye nezakhiwo (amapuleti e-chain ajiyile, izikhonkwane zokuvala).
“Amaketanga ajwayelekile esiwathengile ngaphambilini ayedinga ukushintshwa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 ngokwesilinganiso emigqonyeni yokumba uwoyela. Ngemva kokwenza ngokwezifiso, umjikelezo wokushintsha wanwetshwa waba yizinyanga eziyi-8, kanti izinga lokuthenga kabusha emafektri angaphansi komfula landa ngo-40%. ” – UMohammed Saleh, umthengisi wezitolo waseJeddah (othengisa kakhulu izingxenye zemishini kawoyela)
2. Nciphisa izindleko zempahla ethengiswayo futhi ugweme ingozi "yemali eboshiwe" Abathengisi baseSaudi bavame ukumboza izifunda eziningi, kudinga imininingwane eminingi yamamodeli ajwayelekile okufanele agcinwe, okuholela ekutheni imali enkulu igcinwe esitokweni kanye nengozi enkulu yokugcwala ngokweqile. Ukuthengwa okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kuvumela "ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso okufunwayo" ngokusekelwe kuma-oda angezansi, ngobuningi obuncane be-oda obuguquguqukayo, kususwe isidingo sokugcinwa okukhulu.
“Ukwenza ngokwezifiso kufinyeze izinsuku zethu zokushintshana kwempahla kusukela ezinsukwini ezingama-90 kuya ezinsukwini ezingama-45, kunciphisa imali eboshiwe ngo-30%, futhi akusadingeki sikhathazeke ngemininingwane engathengiswanga nengathandwa kakhulu.” – UKarim Youssef, umthengisi wezimpahla waseDammam (ohlanganisa ukusatshalaliswa kwemishini yokwakha eSifundazweni SaseMpumalanga)
3. Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zendawo kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni “ukuncintisana” Nakuba izindinganiso zezimboni zaseSaudi zihambisana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke, ezinye izimboni ezisezansi zinezidingo ezithile zobukhulu bokufakwa kanye nezindlela zokuxhuma. Ukwenza ngokwezifiso kulungisa ngqo lezi zidingo zendawo, kusiza abathengisi ngobuningi ukuthola inzuzo yokuncintisana kunemikhiqizo ephikisanayo.
"Inhlangano enkulu yezolimo yendawo yayidinga amaketanga okugoqa ane-pitch ethile. Abanye abahlinzeki babenganikeza amamodeli ajwayelekile kuphela. Sithole inkontileka yokuphakelwa yesikhathi eside ngokwenza ngokwezifiso okusheshayo." – U-Abdul Rahman, umthengisi wezitolo waseRiyadh (ochwepheshe bezingxenye zemishini yezolimo)
II. Ukuhlaziywa Kwenqubo Yokuthengwa Kwe-Roller Chain Eyenziwe Ngokwezifiso (Kusukela Ekudingweni Kuya Ekulethweni)
Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kokuthengwa kwabathengisi baseSaudi, inqubo yokuthengwa eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezi-5 eziyinhloko, ngasinye sithinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokuthengwa kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo:
1. Ukuxhumana Ngesidingo: Ukucacisa “Amapharamitha Ayinhloko + Izimo Zokusetshenziswa”
Abathengisi abathengisa ngobuningi kudingeka banikeze amapharamitha abalulekile: iphimbo le-roller chain, inani lemigqa, ubude beketanga, umthamo womthwalo, kanye nobubanzi bokushisa bokusebenza.
Chaza ngesikhathi esifanayo isimo sesicelo (isib., “ukudluliselwa kwemishini yokubhoboza uwoyela”, “imishini yezolimo ezindaweni eziwugwadule”) kanye nezidingo ezikhethekile (isib., “ukumelana nokugqwala”, “ukuhlukaniswa okusheshayo”).
Isincomo: Khetha abahlinzeki abasekela ukuxhumana kwezilimi eziningi (isi-Arabhu, isiNgisi) ukuze ugweme ukungaqondani kwemingcele.
"Sithumela izithombe zezimo zokusebenza zefektri engezansi kanye nemidwebo yemishini kumhlinzeki. Ithimba lobuchwepheshe lomhlinzeki okhuluma isiShayina liqinisekisa konke iphuzu ngephuzu ngesiNgisi, lize lisikhumbuze ukuthi sengeze imininingwane mayelana 'nokuvikelwa kothuli.' Ukuxhumana kubushelelezi kakhulu." - Mohammed Saleh
2. Umklamo Wesixazululo: Ukubambisana Kobuchwepheshe + Ukuqinisekiswa Kwesampula
Umhlinzeki unikeza ikhambi elenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zethu, okuhlanganisa ukukhethwa kwezinto, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo, amanani entengo, kanye nesikhathi sokulethwa.
Isinyathelo Esiyinhloko: Cela umhlinzeki ukuthi anikeze amasampula angu-1-2 okuhlolwa kokufakwa (isikhathi sokuhlola sinconywa izinsuku ezingu-7-15). Ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kuqala kuphela ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana.
Qaphela: Chaza ngokucacile izimvume zokuguqulwa kwesampula ukuze ugweme ukubambezeleka okubangelwa ukulungiswa kwesisombululo.
"Ukuhlolwa kwesampula kubalulekile. Ngaphambilini, seqa ukuhlolwa saya ngqo ekukhiqizweni okukhulu, okwaholela endleleni yokuxhuma engahlangabezananga nezidingo zemishini, okwabangela ukubambezeleka kokusebenza kabusha kwezinsuku ezingu-20. Manje, sihlala sidlula enkambisweni yesampula. Nakuba kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-10 ezengeziwe, kugwema ukulahlekelwa okukhulu." – UKarim Youssef
3. Ukusayina Inkontileka: Chaza Ngokucacile “Amalungelo Nemithwalo Yemfanelo + Izindinganiso”
Inkontileka kufanele ichaze: izindinganiso zezinto (isb., i-ASTM, i-ISO), izinkomba zokuhlola ikhwalithi (isb., amandla okudonseka, ukumelana nokuhuzuka), umjikelezo wokulethwa, indlela yokukhokha, kanye nesiqinisekiso sangemva kokuthengisa.
Isincomo Semakethe YaseSaudi: Faka izigaba "zesinxephezelo sokulethwa okulibazisekile" kanye "nokubuyiselwa okungenamibandela kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni kwezinkinga zekhwalithi" ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zokuthengwa.
4. Ukukhiqizwa Okukhulu: Ukulandelela Inqubekelaphambili + Ukuhlolwa Kwezindawo Ezisezingeni Eliphezulu
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza yomhlinzeki, abathengisi ngobuningi bangacela izithombe noma amavidiyo avamile enqubekela phambili yokukhiqiza. Ukuhlolwa okuqondile kungacelwa ukuze kutholakale izigigaba ezibalulekile (isb., ukuncibilikisa izinto, ukuhlanganiswa kwezixhumanisi zeketanga).
Ukugxila Okubalulekile: Ukuthi umjikelezo wokukhiqiza uyahlangabezana yini nesivumelwano (abathengisi baseSaudi ngokuvamile badinga izinsuku ezingama-25-45 zokulethwa) ukuze kugwenywe ukubambezeleka kokukhiqiza okuthinta ukunikezwa kwempahla okungezansi.
5. Ukuthunyelwa Nokulethwa: Ukuzivumelanisa Nezidingo Zokuthunyelwa Kwamazwe Ngamazwe kanye Nezokukhishwa Kwentela Yentela
Khetha abahlinzeki abasekela ukuthunyelwa kwempahla olwandle nokwendiza emhlabeni wonke futhi banikeze amadokhumenti ahlangabezana nezimfuneko zokuvunyelwa kwempahla yaseSaudi (i-invoyisi yezentengiselwano, uhlu lokupakisha, isitifiketi semvelaphi, umbiko wokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi).
Izincomo Zokupakisha: Sebenzisa ukupakisha okuvikela umswakama nokuguguleka (njengokupakisha okune-vacuum + amabhokisi ekhadibhodi aqinile), abhalwe ukuthi “Fragile” kanye nokuthi “Ukumelana nomswakama,” afanele indawo yokuthutha olwandle eshisa kakhulu eSaudi Arabia.
"Imibhalo yokukhishwa kwempahla ekhishwe ngumhlinzeki waseShayina yayiphelele kakhulu, futhi yasisiza ngisho nokulebula ulwazi lomkhiqizo ngesi-Arabhu. Ukukhishwa kwempahla ethengisiwe kwathatha izinsuku ezintathu kuphela, okuyisigamu sejubane lomhlinzeki wethu wangaphambilini waseYurophu." — Abdul Rahman
III. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zokuthengwa Kwenziwe Ngokwezifiso Kusukela Embonweni Wabathengisi Abathengisa Ngobuningi BaseSaudi
Ngaphezu “kokuzivumelanisa nezimo zokusebenza okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili, ukuncipha kwempahla ethengiswayo, kanye nokuthengiswa kwezindawo,” abathengisi baseSaudi baphinde bagcizelela izinzuzo ezintathu ezibalulekile:
1. Ukusebenza Kahle Kakhulu Kwezindleko: “Ukwenza ngokwezifiso ngaphandle kweprimiyamu, kuzosebenza kahle kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi”
Iningi labathengisi baseSaudi libike ukuthi yize intengo yeyunithi yemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso iphakeme ngo-5%-10% kuneyemikhiqizo yenhloso ejwayelekile, izindleko zesikhathi eside ziphansi ngenxa yokuphila kwesikhathi eside kwesevisi kanye nezinga lokwehluleka elinciphile. 1. **Amaketanga e-roller enziwe ngokwezifiso abiza kakhulu ngo-8%, kodwa imvamisa yokushintsha incishisiwe ngo-60%, okuholela ekwehleni okungu-25% kwezindleko zokusebenza kwamafektri angaphansi komfula. Bazimisele kakhulu ukukhokhela lokhu kusebenza kahle kwezindleko.** — Mohammed Saleh
2. **Isevisi Enembile Kakhulu:** Abasebenzi abazinikele baqinisekisa ukuxazululwa kwezinkinga okusheshayo. Abahlinzeki abahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso bavame ukuba nabeluleki bezobuchwepheshe abazinikele kanye nabaphathi bama-akhawunti abalandela yonke inqubo yokuthenga futhi baphendule ngokushesha ezindabeni ezifana nokuhambisana kokufakwa kanye nezikhalazo zekhwalithi.
“Ngesinye isikhathi, ngemva kokulethwa kweqoqo, ifektri esezansi yabika ukungezwani okungaguquki kwezinye izixhumanisi zeketanga. Umhlinzeki wahlela ukuba ochwepheshe banikeze isiqondiso sevidiyo sokulungisa ngalolo suku futhi baxazulula inkinga zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-3, ngaphandle kokuthinta idumela lethu.” — uKarim Youssef
3. **Ukubambisana Okuzinzile Kakhulu:** “Kuboshwe Yizidingo, Ukuphumelela Kwesikhathi Eside” Ukuthengwa okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kuthuthukisa ubudlelwano bokubambisana obuzinzile lapho “abahlinzeki beqonda izidingo, futhi abathengisi bezitolo ezinkulu beqinisekiswa.” Ukuze kugcinwe ukubambisana kwesikhathi eside, abahlinzeki baqhubeka nokwenza ngcono imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zabo, kuyilapho abathengisi bezitolo ezinkulu bengasebenzisa amakhono abo okwenza ngokwezifiso ukuze bagcine amakhasimende asezingeni eliphansi.
"Besilokhu sisebenzisana nomhlinzeki waseShayina ngezixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso iminyaka emithathu. Bathuthukisa imikhiqizo yabo ngokuqhubekayo ngokusekelwe ezinguqukweni ezimweni zokusebenza zemakethe yaseSaudi. Izinga lethu lokushintsha kwamakhasimende liye lehla lisuka ku-15% laya ku-5%, futhi izinhlangothi zombili zenza imali." – Abdul Rahman
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-12-2025