Ungaklama kanjani i-welding fixture ukuze unciphise ukuguquguquka kwe-roller chain?

Ungaklama kanjani i-welding fixture ukuze unciphise ukuguquguquka kwe-roller chain?

Ekukhiqizweni kwe-roller chain, ukushisela kuyinqubo ebalulekile yokuxhuma izixhumanisi nokuqinisekisa amandla e-chain. Kodwa-ke, ukuguquguquka kokushisa ngesikhathi sokushisela kuvame ukuba yinkinga eqhubekayo, okuthinta ukunemba komkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kwawo.amaketanga okugoqaingabonisa izinkinga ezifana nokuphambuka kwezixhumanisi, iphimbo elingalingani, kanye nokucindezeleka kweketanga okungaguquki. Lezi zinkinga azigcini nje ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kodwa futhi zandisa ukuguguleka, zifinyeze impilo yesevisi, futhi zibangele nokwehluleka kwemishini. Njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokulawula ukuguguleka, ukwakheka kwezinsimbi zokushisela kunquma ngqo ikhwalithi yokushisela kweketanga lokujikijela. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuguguleka kokushisela kweketanga lokujikijela futhi sichaze ngokuhlelekile ukuthi singafinyelela kanjani ukulawulwa kokuguguleka ngokuklama kwezesekeli zesayensi, sinikeze izixazululo zobuchwepheshe ezisebenzayo kubasebenzi bokukhiqiza.

Okokuqala, qonda: Iyini imbangela eyinhloko yokuguqulwa kwe-roller chain welding?

Ngaphambi kokuklama into yokufakelwa, kumele siqale siqonde imbangela eyisisekelo yokuguquguquka kokushiswa kwe-roller chain—ukukhululwa kwengcindezi okubangelwa ukufakwa kokushisa okungalingani kanye nokungabambeki ngokwanele. Izixhumanisi ze-roller chain ngokuvamile zakha amapuleti angaphandle nangaphakathi, amaphini, kanye nama-bushing. Ngesikhathi sokushiswa, ukushisa kwendawo kusetshenziswa kakhulu ekuxhumaneni phakathi kwamapuleti, amaphini, kanye nama-bushing. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuguquguquka phakathi nale nqubo zingafingqwa kanje:

Ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka kokushisa okungalingani: Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elikhiqizwa yi-welding arc libangela ukwanda okusheshayo kwensimbi endaweni, kuyilapho izindawo ezingashiswanga ezizungezile, ngenxa yokushisa kwazo okuphansi kanye nokuqina okukhulu, zisebenza njengesithiyo, zivimbela insimbi eshisiwe ukuthi ikhule ngokukhululeka futhi idale ukucindezeleka okucindezelayo. Ngesikhathi sokupholisa, insimbi eshisiwe iyancishiswa, okuthintwa yizindawo ezizungezile, okuholela ekucindezelekeni. Lapho ukucindezeleka kudlula iphuzu lokukhiqiza lezinto, kwenzeka ukuguquka okungapheli, njengezixhumanisi ezigobile kanye nezikhonkwane ezingalingani kahle.

Ukunemba kokubekwa kwezingxenye okunganele: Iphimbo le-roller chain kanye ne-link parallelism kuyizinkomba ezibalulekile zokunemba. Uma ireferensi yokubekwa kwezingxenye ku-fixture ingacacile ngaphambi kokushisela futhi amandla okubopha engazinzile, izingxenye zithambekele ekungalungini kahle kwe-lateral noma kwe-longitudinal ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezeleka kokushisa ngesikhathi sokushisela, okuholela ekuphambukeni kwephimbo kanye nokuphambuka kwezixhumanisi. Ukuhambisana okungekuhle phakathi kokulandelana kokushisela kanye ne-fixture: Ukulandelana kokushisela okungafanele kungabangela ukuqongelela kokushisa ku-workpiece, okwandisa ukuguquguquka kwendawo. Uma i-fixture yehluleka ukunikeza imikhawulo enamandla ngokusekelwe ku-fixture yokushisela, ukuguquguquka kuzokwanda kakhulu.

Okwesibili, izimiso eziyinhloko zokuklama izinto zokushisela: ukubeka kahle izinto, ukubopha okuzinzile, kanye nokushabalalisa ukushisa okuguquguqukayo.

Njengoba kunikezwe izici zesakhiwo samaketanga e-roller (izingxenye eziningi kanye nama-chain plate amancane, alula ukwakheka) kanye nezidingo zokushisela, ukwakheka kwe-fixture kumele kuhambisane nezimiso ezintathu ezibalulekile zokulawula ukuguquguquka emthonjeni:

1. Isimiso se-Unified Datum: Ukusebenzisa Izinkomba Zokunemba Okuyinhloko njenge-Positioning Datum

Ukunemba okuyinhloko kwamaketanga okugoqa ukunemba kwephimbo kanye nokulingana kwepuleti leketanga, ngakho-ke ukwakheka kokubekwa kwefekthri kumele kugxile kulezi zinkomba ezimbili. Kunconywa indlela ejwayelekile yokubeka "i-one-plane, two-pin": ubuso obusicaba bepuleti leketanga busebenza njengendawo eyinhloko yokubeka (ukunciphisa amazinga amathathu enkululeko), kanye namaphini amabili okuthola, ahlangana nezimbobo zephini (ukunciphisa amazinga amabili nelilodwa enkululeko, ngokulandelana), afinyelele indawo ephelele. Amaphini okuthola kumele enziwe ngensimbi ye-alloy engagugi (njenge-Cr12MoV) futhi acinywe (ubulukhuni ≥ HRC58) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukunemba kokubeka kuyaqhubeka ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Isikhala phakathi kwamaphini okuthola kanye nezimbobo zephini lepuleti leketanga kufanele sigcinwe phakathi kuka-0.02-0.05mm ukuze kube lula ukubopha nokuvimbela ukunyakaza kwengxenye ngesikhathi sokushisela.

2. Isimiso Sokuzivumelanisa Nezimo Zokubopha Amandla: “Okwanele futhi Akuyona Ingozi”

Ukwakheka kwamandla okubopha kubalulekile ekulinganiseni ukuvimbela ukuguguleka kanye nokuvimbela umonakalo. Amandla okubopha ngokweqile angabangela ukuguguleka kwepulasitiki kwepuleti leketanga, kanti okuncane kakhulu kungavimbela ukucindezeleka kokushisela. Kumelwe kuhlangatshezwane nalezi zinto ezilandelayo zokuklama:

Indawo yokubopha kufanele ibekwe ngendlela efanele: eduze nendawo yokushisela (≤20mm ukusuka kushisela) futhi ibekwe endaweni eqinile yepuleti leketanga (njengaseduze nomphetho wembobo yephini) ukuze ugweme ukugoba okubangelwa amandla okubopha asebenza phakathi kwepuleti leketanga. Amandla Okubopha Alungisekayo: Khetha indlela efanele yokubopha ngokusekelwe ekujikeni kweketanga (ngokuvamile okungu-3-8mm) kanye nezinto zokwakha (ikakhulukazi izinsimbi zesakhiwo ezifana ne-20Mn kanye ne-40MnB). Lezi zindlela zifaka phakathi ukubopha okuphefumulayo (okufanele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, ngamandla okubopha alungisekayo ngesilawuli sokucindezela, kusukela ku-5-15N) noma ukubopha ngezikulufo (okufanele ukukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kweqembu elincane, ngamandla okubopha azinzile).
Ukuthintana Okuguquguqukayo Kokubopha: I-gasket ye-polyurethane (ubukhulu obungu-2-3mm) ifakwa endaweni yokuxhumana phakathi kwebhulokhi yokubopha kanye neketanga. Lokhu kwandisa ukungqubuzana ngenkathi kuvimbela ibhulokhi yokubopha ukuthi ingangeni noma iklwebhe ubuso beketanga.

3. Isimiso Sokubambisana Kokushabalalisa Ukushisa: Ukufaniswa Kokushisa Phakathi Kwe-Clamp Nenqubo Yokushisela

Ukuguquguquka kokushisela kubangelwa ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa okungalingani. Ngakho-ke, i-clamp kumele ihlinzeke ngokusatshalaliswa kokushisa okusizayo, kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kokushisa ngendlela ekabili "yokushabalalisa ukushisa okusebenzayo kanye nokuqhuba ukushisa okungasebenzi." Ukuze kuqhutshwe ukushisa okungasebenzi, umzimba we-fixture kufanele wenziwe ngezinto ezinokushisa okuphezulu, njenge-aluminium alloy (ukushisa okushisa okungu-202W/(m・K)) noma i-copper alloy (ukushisa okushisa okungu-380W/(m・K)), esikhundleni sensimbi yendabuko (ukushisa okushisa okungu-45W/(m・K)). Lokhu kusheshisa ukuqhutshwa kokushisa endaweni yokushisela. Ukuze kuqhutshwe ukushisa okusebenzayo, iziteshi zamanzi okupholisa zingaklanywa eduze kwe-weld ye-fixture, futhi amanzi okupholisa ajikelezayo (izinga lokushisa lamanzi elilawulwa ku-20-25°C) angethulwa ukuze kususwe ukushisa kwendawo ngokushintshana kokushisa, okwenza ukupholisa kwe-workpiece kufane kakhulu.

Okwesithathu, Amasu Abalulekile kanye Nemininingwane Ekuklanyweni Kwezikhonkwane Ukuze Kuncishiswe Ukuguqulwa Kwe-Roller Chain

Ngokusekelwe ezimisweni ezingenhla, sidinga ukugxila ekuklanyweni kwethu ezakhiweni ezithile kanye nemisebenzi. Amasu amane alandelayo angasetshenziswa ngqo ekukhiqizweni kwangempela:

1. Isakhiwo Sokubeka Esine-Modular: Sivumelana Nezincazelo Eziningi Ze-Roller Chain, Siqinisekisa Ukungaguquguquki Kokubeka

Amaketanga e-roller afika ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene (isb., 08A, 10A, 12A, njll., anezingqimba ezisukela ku-12.7mm kuya ku-19.05mm). Ukuklama i-fixture ehlukile ye-specification ngayinye kuzokhulisa izindleko kanye nesikhathi sokushintsha. Sincoma ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zokubeka ezi-modular: Ama-positioning pin nama-blocks aklanyelwe ukuthi ashintshwe futhi axhunywe kwi-fixture base ngama-bolts. Uma ushintsha imininingwane, vele ususe ingxenye endala yokubeka bese ufaka entsha ene-pitch ehambisanayo, unciphise isikhathi sokushintsha sibe ngaphansi kwemizuzu emi-5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-positioning datums azo zonke izingxenye ezi-modular kumele avumelane nobuso be-datum be-fixture base ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokubeka okuhambisanayo kwamaketanga e-roller anezingqimba ezahlukene.

2. Umklamo Wokuvinjelwa Okuhambisanayo: Ukuqeda "Ukusebenzisana" Kokucindezeleka Kokushisela

Ukushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller kuvame ukuhilela izakhiwo ezilinganayo (isibonelo, ukushisela iphini ku-chainplate ephindwe kabili ngasikhathi sinye). Ngakho-ke, i-fixture kufanele isebenzise umklamo wokuvimbela olinganayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguquguquka ngokunciphisa ukucindezeleka. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela i-chainplate ephindwe kabili nephini, i-fixture kufanele ibekwe ngokulinganayo ngamabhulokhi okubeka kanye namadivayisi okubopha kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-chain ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa kokushisa kwe-welding okulinganayo kanye namandla okuvimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhulokhi lokusekela elisizayo lingabekwa phakathi kwe-chain, lihlanzwe ngendiza yama-chainplate, ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka kokugoba phakathi nendawo ngesikhathi sokushisela. Imininingwane ewusizo ikhombisa ukuthi umklamo wokuvimbela olinganayo unganciphisa ukuphambuka kwephimbo kuma-roller chain ngo-30%-40%.

3. Ukubopha Okuqhubekayo Kokulandelela: Ukuzivumelanisa Nokuguquguquka Kokushisa Ngesikhathi Sokushisela

Ngesikhathi sokushisela, umsebenzi udlula ekushintsheni okuncane ngenxa yokwanda kokushisa kanye nokufinyela. Indlela yokuxinanisa engaguquki ingaholela ekugxilweni kokucindezeleka. Ngakho-ke, i-fixture ingaklanywa ngendlela yokulandelela yokulandela: i-displacement sensor (njenge-laser displacement sensor enokunemba okungu-0.001mm) iqapha ukuguquguquka kwepuleti leketanga ngesikhathi sangempela, idlulise isignali ohlelweni lokulawula lwe-PLC. I-servo motor bese ishayela ibhlokhi lokubopha ukuze kulungiswe izinto ezincane (ngobubanzi bokulungisa obungu-0-0.5mm) ukuze kugcinwe amandla afanele okubopha. Lo mklamo ufaneleka kakhulu ekushiseni amaketanga e-roller e-thick-plate (ubukhulu obungu-≥ 6mm), ukuvimbela ngempumelelo ukuqhekeka kweketanga okubangelwa ukuguquguquka kokushisa.

4. Ukwakhiwa Kokugwema Nokuqondisa Ukushisela: Kuqinisekisa Indlela Eqondile Yokushisela Futhi Kunciphisa Indawo Ethintekile Ukushisa
Ngesikhathi sokushisela, ukunemba kwendlela yokuhamba kwesibhamu sokushisela kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokushisela kanye nokufakwa kokushisa. Isixhumi sidinga ukuhlonyiswa ngomsele wokugwema umthungo wokushisela kanye nomhlahlandlela wesibhamu sokushisela. Umsele wokugwema omise okwe-U (obanzi ngo-2-3mm kunomthungo wokushisela kanye nokujula okungu-5-8mm) kufanele kudalwe eduze komthungo wokushisela ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwesixhumi nesibhamu sokushisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kufakwe ireyili yomhlahlandlela ngaphezu kwesixhumi ukuqinisekisa ukunyakaza okufanayo kwesibhamu sokushisela endleleni esethiwe (kunconywa isivinini sokushisela esingu-80-120mm/min), ukuqinisekisa ukuqondile kokushisela kanye nokufakwa kokushisa okufanayo. Izinto zokuvikela ze-ceramic zingafakwa futhi emseleni wokugwema ukuvimbela ukuchitheka kokushisela ekulimazeni isixhumi.

Okwesine, Ukulungiswa Nokuqinisekiswa Kwezinto Ezihlanganisiwe: Ukulawulwa Okuvaliwe Kusukela Kumklamo Kuya Ekusetshenzisweni

Umklamo omuhle udinga ukwenziwa ngcono nokuqinisekiswa ngaphambi kokuba usetshenziswe ngempela. Izinyathelo ezintathu ezilandelayo zingaqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwento:

1. Ukuhlaziywa Kokulingisa Izinto Eziphelele: Ukubikezela Ukuguquka Nokuthuthukisa Isakhiwo

Ngaphambi kokwenziwa kwe-fixture, ukulingisa ukuhlanganiswa kwesakhiwo sokushisa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa isofthiwe ye-finite element efana ne-ANSYS kanye ne-ABAQUS. Ukufaka amapharamitha ezinto ze-roller chain (njenge-thermal expansion coefficient kanye ne-elastic modulus) kanye namapharamitha enqubo yokushisela (njenge-welding current engu-180-220A kanye ne-voltage engu-22-26V) kulingisa izinga lokushisa kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka ku-fixture kanye ne-workpiece ngesikhathi sokushisela, kubikezela izindawo ezingaba khona zokuguquguquka. Isibonelo, uma ukulingisa kubonisa ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokugoba phakathi kwepuleti leketanga, ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kungangezwa endaweni ehambisanayo ku-fixture. Uma ukugxilisa ukucindezeleka kwenzeka ku-locating pin, i-fillet radius yephini ingalungiswa (kunconywa i-R2-R3). Ukuthuthukisa ukulingisa kunganciphisa izindleko zokuhlola kanye nephutha ze-fixture futhi kufinyeze umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa.

2. Ukuqinisekiswa Kokushintshwa Kwesilingo: Ukuhlolwa Kwamaqoqo Amancane kanye Nokulungiswa Okuphindaphindiwe

Ngemva kokuba isithako sesikhiqiziwe, yenza ukuqinisekiswa kokushiselwa kwesilingo seqembu elincane (kunconywa: izingcezu ezingu-50-100). Gxila kulezi zinkomba ezilandelayo:

Ukunemba: Sebenzisa i-microscope yamathuluzi ajwayelekile ukukala ukuphambuka kwephimbo (kufanele kube ≤0.1mm) kanye nokulingana kwepuleti leketanga (kufanele kube ≤0.05mm);

Ukuguquka: Sebenzisa umshini wokulinganisa ohlanganisayo ukuze uskene ukuqina kwepuleti leketanga bese uqhathanisa ukuguquka ngaphambi nangemva kokushisela;

Ukuzinza: Ngemva kokushisela izingcezu ezingu-20 njalo, hlola ukuthi izikhonkwane zokufaka kanye namabhulokhi okubopha agugile yini bese uqinisekisa ukuthi amandla okubopha azinzile.

Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokushisela yokuhlola, kwenziwa izinguquko eziphindaphindayo ku-fixture, njengokulungisa amandla okubopha nokwenza ngcono indawo yesiteshi sokupholisa, kuze kube yilapho ihlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza ngobuningi.

3. Ukulungiswa Kwansuku Zonke Nokulinganiswa: Ukuqinisekisa Ukunemba Kwesikhathi Eside

Ngemva kokuba umshini usuqalile ukusebenza, kufanele kusungulwe uhlelo lokulungisa nokulinganisa olujwayelekile:

Ukulungiswa Kwansuku Zonke: Hlanza amabala okushisela kanye namabala kawoyela ebusweni bezinto ezisetshenziswayo, bese uhlola ukuvuza ezinhlelweni zomoya/zomanzi zedivayisi yokubamba.

Ukulinganisa Kwamasonto Onke: Sebenzisa amabhlogo wegeyiji kanye nezinkomba zokudayela ukuze ulinganise ukunemba kokubekwa kwamaphini okuthola indawo. Uma ukuphambuka kudlula u-0.03mm, lungisa noma uwashintshe ngokushesha.

Ukuhlolwa Kwanyanga Zonke: Hlola imisele yamanzi okupholisa ukuthi ayivalekile yini bese ushintsha ama-gasket e-polyurethane agugile kanye nezingxenye ezitholakalayo.

Ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa okujwayelekile, impilo yento yokufakelwa ingandiswa (ngokuvamile kuze kube yiminyaka emi-3-5), okuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kokuguquguquka okuphumelelayo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza isikhathi eside.

Okwesihlanu, Ucwaningo Lwecala: Imikhuba Yokuthuthukisa Izinto Enkampanini Yemishini Esindayo

Umkhiqizi wamaketanga amakhulu asebenza kanzima (asetshenziswa emishinini yezimayini) ubebhekene nezinkinga zokuphambuka ngokweqile (≥0.3mm) kumaketanga ngemuva kokushisela, okwaholela ezingeni lokufaneleka komkhiqizo elingu-75% kuphela. Ngokuthuthuka okulandelayo kokulungiswa, izinga lokuphasa lenyuke laya ku-98%:

Ukuthuthukiswa kokubekwa: Iphini yokuqala yokuthola eyodwa yathathelwa indawo uhlelo lokubeka “iphini eliphindwe kabili + indawo eyisicaba”, okunciphisa isikhala sibe ngu-0.03mm futhi kwaxazululwa inkinga yokulungiswa kwezingxenye;

Ukulungiswa kokushabalalisa ukushisa: Umzimba wezinto zokwakha wenziwe nge-alloy yethusi futhi uneziteshi zokupholisa, okwandisa izinga lokupholisa endaweni yokushisela ngo-40%;

Ukubopha okunamandla: Kufakwe inzwa yokufuduka kanye nohlelo lokubopha lwe-servo ukuze kulungiswe amandla okubopha ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kugwenywe ukugxilisa ingqondo ekucindezelekeni;

Imingcele yokulinganisa: Amabhulokhi okubopha alinganayo kanye namabhulokhi okusekela afakiwe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zeketanga ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka kokushisela.

Ngemva kokuthuthukiswa, ukuphambuka kwephimbo le-roller chain kulawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-0.05mm, kanti ukuphambuka kungu-≤0.1mm, okuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu kwekhasimende.

Isiphetho: Umklamo we-fixture "umugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela" wekhwalithi yokushisela uchungechunge lwe-roller.

Ukunciphisa ukuguqulwa kokushiswa kwe-roller chain akuyona indaba yokwenza ngcono isinyathelo esisodwa, kodwa inqubo ehlelekile ehlanganisa ukubeka, ukubopha, ukushabalalisa ukushisa, ukucubungula, kanye nokugcinwa, kanye nomklamo wezinto zokushiswa kuyisici esiyinhloko. Kusukela esakhiweni sokuma esihlanganisiwe, kuya ekulawulweni kwamandla okushiswa okuguquguqukayo, kuya ekwakhiweni okuguquguqukayo kokulandelela okuguquguqukayo, yonke imininingwane ithinta ngqo umphumela wokushiswa.