Incazelo eningiliziwe yenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwe-roller chain: ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokuthuthukisa ukusebenza
Isingeniso
Njengengxenye yemishini esetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokudlulisa nokudlulisa zezimboni, ukusebenza kanye nokuphila kwayouchungechunge lwe-rollerzibalulekile ekusebenzeni okuzinzile kwemishini. Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa iyisixhumanisi esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamaketanga okugoqa. Ngokushintsha isakhiwo sezinto ezibonakalayo, amandla, ubulukhuni, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nempilo yokukhathala kwamaketanga okugoqa kungathuthukiswa kakhulu.
1. Imiqondo eyisisekelo yokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-roller chain
Ukwelashwa ngokushisa kuyindlela yokucubungula eshintsha isakhiwo sangaphakathi sezinto zensimbi ngokushisa, ukuvikela kanye nokupholisa ukuze kutholakale ukusebenza okudingekayo. Kumaketanga e-roller, ukwelashwa ngokushisa akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zawo zobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuguguleka kwazo kanye nempilo yokukhathala, ukuze zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi.
2. Izinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa ezivame ukusetshenziswa kumaketanga e-roller
(I) Ukucima nokulungisa
Inqubo yokucima
Ukushisa: Shisisa uchungechunge lwe-roller ezingeni lokushisa elifanele, ngokuvamile ngaphezu kwe-Ac3 noma i-Ac1. Ukukhetha izinga lokushisa lokushisa kuncike ekwakhekeni kwezinto zochungechunge lwe-roller kanye nezinkomba zokusebenza ezidingekayo.
Ukushisa: Ngemva kokufinyelela izinga lokushisa lokucima, gcina isikhathi esithile sokushisa ukuze wenze izinga lokushisa langaphakathi le-roller chain lifane.
Ukucima: Iketanga le-roller lifakwa ngokushesha endaweni yokucima njengamanzi, uwoyela noma amanzi anosawoti. Ukukhetha indawo yokucima kuthinta izinga lokupholisa kanye nokusatshalaliswa kobulukhuni ngemva kokucima. Amanzi anezinga lokupholisa elisheshayo, kodwa angabangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwangaphakathi; uwoyela unezinga lokupholisa elihamba kancane kanye nokucindezeleka okuncane kwangaphakathi ngemva kokucima.
Umsebenzi: Inhloso eyinhloko yokucima iwukuthuthukisa ubulukhuni namandla eketanga le-roller. Ngokuphola okusheshayo, izicubu eziqinile zakhiwa ebusweni nangaphakathi kweketanga le-roller, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokuguguleka kwalo kanye nokumelana nokushayisana.
Inqubo yokunciphisa
Ukushisa: Iketanga le-roller elicishiwe lishiswa lifinyelele ezingeni lokushisa elingaphansi kwe-Ac1. Ukukhetha izinga lokushisa lokushisa kuncike ebhalansini elidingekayo lokuqina nokuqina. Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga lokushisa lokushisa liphezulu, kulapho ubunzima buncipha khona futhi kulapho ukuqina kuba ngcono khona.
Ukulondolozwa kokushisa: Gcina ekushiseni okushisayo isikhathi esithile ukuze uzinzise ukuhlelwa kwangaphakathi kwe-roller chain.
Ukupholisa: Kuphole kancane kancane kuze kufike ekushiseni kwegumbi ngemva kokufudumeza.
Umsebenzi: Inhloso eyinhloko yokulungisa i-roller ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okubangelwa ukucima nokulungisa ubulukhuni nokuqina kwe-roller chain. Ngokwelashwa kokulungisa i-roller chain, i-roller chain ingathola ukusebenza okungcono okuphelele futhi inciphise ingozi yokuqhekeka nokuphuka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
(II) Ukwelashwa kokuqina komphezulu
Ukucima ubuso
Ukucima ubuso bokushisa kwe-induction: Kusetshenziswa isimiso sokungenisa kwe-electromagnetic, ugesi we-high-frequency udlula ku-induction coil ukuze kukhiqizwe insimu yamagnetic eshintshanayo, ukuze ubuso be-roller chain bukhiqize ugesi we-eddy futhi bushise ngokushesha. Izinzuzo zokushisa kwe-induction yisivinini sokushisa esisheshayo, ukulawulwa kokushisa okunembile, kanye nokucima okusheshayo kwezindawo zasendaweni.
Ukucima ubuso bokushisa ilangabi: Sebenzisa isibhamu sokufutha ilangabi ukushisa ubuso bochungechunge lwe-roller bese ulupholisa ngokushesha. Izinzuzo zokushisa ilangabi imishini elula kanye nokusebenza okuguquguqukayo, okufanelekela ukucima ubuso bochungechunge olukhulu lwe-roller noma izindawo zasendaweni.
Umsebenzi: Ukucima ubuso kungathuthukisa kakhulu ubulukhuni kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kobuso be-roller chain. Uma kubhekene nemithwalo eshintshanayo kanye nemithwalo yokushayisana, i-roller chain ngemva kokucima ubuso ingamelana kangcono nokuguguleka kanye nomonakalo wokukhathala.
Ukufaka i-carburizing kanye ne-nitriding
Inqubo yokufaka i-carburing: I-roller chain ifakwa endaweni equkethe izakhi ze-carbon, bese ama-athomu e-carbon efakwa ebusweni be-roller chain ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze kwakheke ungqimba oluqinile lwe-carbon ephezulu. I-roller chain ngemva kwe-carburing ngokuvamile idinga ukucinywa nokulungiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubulukhuni bayo bomphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka.
Inqubo yokufaka i-nitride: Beka uchungechunge lwe-roller endaweni equkethe i-nitrogen, bese uvumela ama-athomu e-nitrogen ukuthi angene ebusweni bochungechunge lwe-roller ezingeni lokushisa elithile ukuze akhe ungqimba oluqinile lwe-nitride. Uchungechunge lwe-roller ngemva kokufaka i-nitride lunobulukhuni obuphezulu bendawo, ukumelana okuhle nokuguguleka, kanye nokumelana okuhle nokugqwala.
Umsebenzi: Izinqubo zokufaka i-carburizing kanye ne-nitriding zingathuthukisa kakhulu ubulukhuni bomphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwe-roller chain. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokucima umphezulu, ungqimba oluqinile olwakhiwe yi-carburizing kanye ne-nitriding lujule kakhulu futhi lungamelana kangcono nokuguguleka kanye nomonakalo wokukhathala.
(III) Ukwelashwa kokushisa okuphelele
Ukufakwa kwe-Annealing
Inqubo: Shisa iketanga le-roller libe ngama-degree angu-30-50 ngaphezu kwe-Ac3, ligcine lifudumele isikhathi esithile, bese ulipholisa kancane kancane libe ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-500 esithandweni bese ulipholisa emoyeni.
Umsebenzi: Inhloso eyinhloko yokubopha i-annealing ukunciphisa ubulukhuni be-roller chain nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo okuqinile kanye nokusebenza kokusika. Ngokubopha i-annealing, i-roller chain kulula ukuyibumba nokuyicubungula ekucutshungulweni okulandelayo.
Ukulungisa
Inqubo: Shisa iketanga le-roller libe ngaphezu kwe-Ac3 noma i-Acm, ligcine lifudumele, likhiphe esithandweni bese ulipholisa emoyeni.
Umsebenzi: Ukulungisa kungacwengisisa okusanhlamvu, kwenze isakhiwo sifane, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-roller chain. Uma kuqhathaniswa noku-annealing, i-roller chain ngemva kokulungisa inobulukhuni namandla aphezulu.
Ukwelashwa kokucima nokushisa
Inqubo: Ukwelashwa kokucima nokulungisa kuyinhlanganisela yokucima nokulungisa okushisa okuphezulu. Okokuqala, fudumeza uchungechunge lwe-roller lube ngaphezu kwe-Ac3, uluqede ngemva kokulondolozwa kokushisa, bese ulufudumeza ekushiseni okungu-500-650℃.
Umsebenzi: Ukwelashwa kokucima nokulungisa kungathola ukusebenza okuphelele kwamandla aphezulu nokuqina okuhle. Iketanga le-roller ngemuva kokucima nokulungisa linokuqina nokuthembeka okungcono uma libhekene nemithwalo ephezulu kanye nemithwalo yokushayisana.
(IV) Inqubo ekhethekile yokwelapha ukushisa
Ukushayela nge-carbonitriding
Inqubo: Shisa uchungechunge lwe-roller kanye nomthombo we-carbon kanye ne-nitrogen ndawonye kuze kufike ekushiseni kokusabalalisa kanyekanye bese uwugcina isikhathi esithile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokusabalalisa kanyekanye, ama-athomu e-carbon kanye ne-nitrogen angena ngasikhathi sinye ebusweni bochungechunge lwe-roller ukuze akhe ungqimba oluqinile lwe-carbonitride.
Umsebenzi: I-Carbonitriding ingathuthukisa kakhulu ubulukhuni bomphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwe-roller chain. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-carburizing kanye ne-nitriding, ungqimba oluqinile olwakhiwe yi-carbonitriding lusebenza kangcono futhi lungamelana kangcono nokuguguleka kanye nomonakalo wokukhathala.
Okuyisicefe
Inqubo: Beka uchungechunge lwe-roller endaweni equkethe izakhi ze-boron, bese uvumela ama-athomu e-boron ukuthi angene ebusweni bochungechunge lwe-roller ngezinga lokushisa elithile.
Umsebenzi: Ubulukhuni bomphezulu we-roller chain ngemva kokubhoboza buphezulu kakhulu futhi ukumelana nokuguguleka kuhle kakhulu. Ifaneleka kuma-roller chain asetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinzima, njengokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomthwalo ophezulu.
3. Ithonya lenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ekusebenzeni kwamaketanga okugoqa
Ukuqina nokumelana nokuguguleka
Ubulukhuni bomphezulu we-roller chain bungathuthukiswa kakhulu ngokucisha, ukucima umphezulu, ukufaka i-carburizing, ukufaka i-nitriding nezinye izinqubo. Ubulukhuni obuphezulu bungakwazi ukumelana kangcono nokuguguleka futhi bandise impilo yenkonzo ye-roller chain.
Amandla nokuqina
Ukuqeda nokulungisa, ukuqeda nokulungisa kanye nezinye izinqubo kungathuthukisa amandla nokuqina kweketanga le-roller. Uma libhekene nemithwalo ephezulu kanye nemithwalo ethintekayo, amaketanga e-roller aphathwe ngokushisa angagcina kangcono ukuzinza nokuthembeka.
Impilo yokukhathala
Ukwelashwa ngokushisa kungathuthukisa isakhiwo esincane se-roller chain, kunciphise amaphutha angaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise isikhathi sayo sokukhathala. Ama-roller chain aphathwe ngokushisa akwazi kangcono ukumelana nomonakalo wokukhathala lapho ehlushwa imithwalo eshintshanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Ukumelana nokugqwala
Izinqubo ezifana nokufaka i-nitriding kanye ne-boronizing zingathuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwamaketanga okugoqa. Amaketanga okugoqa asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezigqwalisayo angamelana kangcono nokugqwala ngemva kwalezi zinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa.
4. Ukukhethwa kanye nokwenza ngcono izinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa
Khetha izinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa ngokwezinto ezisetshenziswa ku-roller chain
Amaketanga e-roller ezinto ezahlukene anokuguquguquka okuhlukile ezinqubweni zokwelashwa kokushisa. Isibonelo, amaketanga e-roller ensimbi yekhabhoni avame ukusebenzisa izinqubo ezifana nokucima nokushisa, i-carburizing, njll.; kuyilapho amaketanga e-roller ensimbi engagqwali efaneleka kakhulu ezinqubweni ezifana nokufaka i-nitriding kanye nokufaka i-carbonitriding.
Khetha izinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa ngokwezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwamaketanga okugoqa
Uma uchungechunge lwe-roller lusetshenziswa kakhulu ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu kanye nemithwalo yokushayisana, inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa engathuthukisa amandla nokuqina; uma uchungechunge lwe-roller lusetshenziswa kakhulu ukumelana nokuguguleka, inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa engathuthukisa ubulukhuni bomphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kufanele ikhethwe.
Lungiselela amapharamitha enqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa
Ukukhethwa kwamapharamitha enqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kunethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwamaketanga e-roller. Isibonelo, ukukhetha okungafanele kwamapharamitha njengokushisa kokucima, isikhathi sokubamba, izinga lokupholisa, njll. kungaholela ekuqineni okunganele noma ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okweqile kweketanga le-roller. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwenza ngcono amapharamitha enqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo kanye nolwazi ngokuya ngezinto zokwakha kanye nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kweketanga le-roller.
5. Ukuhlolwa nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi yenqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina
Ukuqina kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokukala ikhwalithi yokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-roller chain. Ngokuhlolwa kokuqina, kungahlulelwa ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kokuqina ebusweni nangaphakathi kwe-roller chain kuyahlangabezana yini nezidingo. Izindlela ezivamile zokuhlola ubulukhuni zifaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-Rockwell, ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni bobuso, njll.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Metallographic
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Metallographic kungabona isakhiwo esincane se-roller chain bese kuhlulela ukuthi inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ifinyelele yini umphumela olindelekile. Isibonelo, ngokuhlolwa kwe-metallographic, isakhiwo se-martensite ngemva kokucima kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-carbide ngemva kokufaka i-carburizing kungabonwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwempahla yemishini
Ukuhlolwa kwempahla yemishini kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kokucindezelwa, ukuhlolwa komthelela, ukuhlolwa kokukhathala, njll. Ngalezi zivivinyo, amandla, ukuqina, impilo yokukhathala kanye nezinye izinkomba zokusebenza kwe-roller chain kungahlolwa ngokuphelele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kungahlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa.
Uhlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi
Ukusungula uhlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi ezwakalayo kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-roller chain. Kusukela ekuthengweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuqaliswa kwenqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa kuya ekuhlolweni kwemikhiqizo eqediwe, yonke isixhumanisi idinga ukulawulwa ngokuqinile. Uhlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi lungaqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi ye-roller chain izinzile futhi ithembekile ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abathengisa ngobuningi.
6. Ukuhlaziywa Kwecala
(I) Ikesi Lokwelapha Ukushisa Le-Roller Chain Esikhungweni Esithile Sokukhiqiza Izimoto
Ingemuva
Iketanga lama-roller elisetshenziswa esitshalweni esithile sokukhiqiza izimoto lidinga ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu kanye nemithwalo ethintekayo, futhi liyadingeka ukuze libe nokumelana okuhle nokuguguleka kanye nesikhathi sokukhathala.
Ukukhethwa kwenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa
Inqubo yokucima nokulungisa iyasetshenziswa, ngokushisa kokucima okungu-850℃ kanye nesikhathi sokubamba esingamaminithi angu-30, kulandelwe ukushisa okuphezulu okungama-550℃ kanye nesikhathi sokubamba esingamahora ama-2.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa
Ngemva kokucima nokulungisa, ubulukhuni bomphezulu we-roller chain bufinyelela ku-HRC45-50 kanti ubulukhuni obuyinhloko buyi-HRC30-35. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Metallographic kukhombisa ukuthi isakhiwo se-martensite ngemuva kokucima siyafana kanti isakhiwo se-sorbite ngemuva kokulungisa sihle. Ukuhlolwa kwezakhiwo zemishini kukhombisa ukuthi amandla okudonsa e-roller chain angama-1200MPa, amandla okukhiqiza angama-1000MPa, ukuqina komthelela kungama-50J/cm², futhi impilo yokukhathala ithuthukiswa kakhulu.
Umphumela wohlelo lokusebenza
Ngemva kokuba isitshalo sokukhiqiza izimoto sisebenzise uchungechunge lwe-roller ngemva kokucima nokulungisa, ukusebenza kwemishini kuzinzile kakhudlwana, impilo yesevisi yochungechunge lwe-roller yandiswa ngo-50%, futhi izindleko zokulungisa zincishiswa kakhulu.
(II) Ikesi lokwelapha ukushisa lochungechunge olugoqekayo lwemishini yokumba
Ingemuva
Iketanga le-roller elisetshenziswa emishinini yokumba lidinga ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinzima futhi lidinga ukumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
Ukukhetha inqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa
Inqubo yokukhipha i-carbonitriding iyasetshenziswa, izinga lokushisa lokusabalalisa ndawonye lingu-850℃, isikhathi sokubamba singamahora ama-4, bese kwenziwa ukucima kanye nokushisa okuphansi.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa
Ngemva kokwelashwa nge-carbonitriding, ubulukhuni bomphezulu we-roller chain bufinyelela ku-HV1000-1200, futhi ukumelana nokuguguleka kuthuthuka kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Metallographic kukhombisa ukuthi ungqimba lokuqina kwe-carbonitride lusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngobukhulu obungu-0.5-0.8mm. Ukuhlolwa kokumelana nokugqwala kukhombisa ukuthi ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-roller chain endaweni enomswakama kuthuthukisiwe izikhathi ezintathu.
Umphumela wohlelo lokusebenza
Ngemva kokuba imishini yokumba isebenzise uchungechunge lwe-roller oluphathwe nge-carbonitriding, izinga lokuguguleka kochungechunge lwe-roller liyancipha kakhulu, impilo yesevisi yandiswa izikhathi ezimbili, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kuthuthuka kakhulu.
7. Umkhuba wentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo
Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ukushisa obuhlakaniphile
Ngokuthuthuka kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuzenzakalela, ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ukushisa obuhlakaniphile buzoba umkhuba wentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo. Ngohlelo lokulawula oluhlakaniphile, amapharamitha enqubo yokwelapha ukushisa angaqashwa futhi alungiswe ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kufezwe ukulawula okunembile futhi kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kokushisa.
Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ukushisa obuluhlaza nobunobungani nemvelo
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa ngemvelo kuzokhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokwelapha ukushisa obuluhlaza nobunobungani nemvelo. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwemidiya yokucima ukungcola kanye nemishini yokushisa eyonga amandla kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokungcola kwemvelo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa.
Izinto zokwelapha ukushisa ezisebenza kahle kakhulu
Ucwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokwelapha ukushisa ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamaketanga okugoqa. Isibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-ejenti amasha okugoqa, ama-ejenti okunitha, njll. kungathuthukisa kakhulu ubulukhuni bomphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwamaketanga okugoqa.
Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokwenza ngcono izinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa
Kuhlanganiswe nesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo ethuthukisiwe kanye nethiyori ye-mechanics, inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ihlale ithuthukiswa futhi isungulwa. Isibonelo, inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ehlanganisiwe isetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa izinqubo eziningi zokwelashwa kokushisa ukuze kunikezwe ukusebenza okugcwele ezinzuzweni zazo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwamaketanga okugoqa.
8. Isiphetho
Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa iwubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamaketanga e-roller. Ngokucisha nokushisa, ukwelashwa kokuqina kobuso, ukwelashwa kokushisa okuphelele kanye nezinye izinqubo, ubulukhuni, amandla, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nempilo yokukhathala kwamaketanga e-roller kungathuthukiswa kakhulu. Ukukhetha inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa efanele kanye nokwenza ngcono amapharamitha enqubo kuyizixhumanisi ezibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yamaketanga e-roller. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusungula uhlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi yomsindo kanye nokwamukela izindlela zokuhlola ezithuthukisiwe kuyisiqinisekiso sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokwelashwa kokushisa kweketanga le-roller. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezihlakaniphile, eziluhlaza nezisebenza kahle, ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ukushisa kweketanga le-roller buzoqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha nokwenza ngcono, buhlinzeke ngezingxenye zemishini ezithembeke kakhulu zezinhlelo zokudlulisa nezokudluliswa kwezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-16-2025