Kuki umunyururu w'umuzingo ari mwiza kuruta umukandara w'umukandara?

Kuki umunyururu w'umuzingo ari mwiza kuruta umukandara w'umukandara?

1. Uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru neza
1.1 Umunyururu w'urukiramende ntugira uburyo bwo kuzunguruka no kunyerera, kandi ushobora kugumana igipimo cy'impuzandengo cy'uburyo bwo kohereza ubutumwa
Ugereranyije n'uburyo bwo gutwara umukandara, uburyo bwo gutwara umukandara w'umunyururu bufite inyungu zikomeye mu bijyanye no kohereza neza. Umukandara w'umunyururu wohereza ingufu binyuze mu gufunga umukandara n'umugozi. Ubu buryo bwo gushyira umukandara bubuza umukandara w'umunyururu kunyerera mu gihe cyo gukora. Ariko, uburyo bwo gutwara umukandara bushingiye ku gukururana kugira ngo wohereze imbaraga, ibyo bikaba bishobora kunyerera no kunyerera iyo umutwaro uhindutse cyangwa umuvuduko udahagije, bigatuma habaho ikigereranyo cy'uburyo bwo gutwara umukandara kidahindagurika.
Igereranya ry'amakuru: Mu mikoreshereze nyayo, ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubutumwa bw'umunyururu ugendana n'umukandara bushobora kugera ku kigero kirenga 95%, mu gihe ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubutumwa bw'umukandara busanzwe buri hagati ya 80% na 90%. Umunyururu ugendana n'umukandara ushobora kugumana igipimo cy'impuzandengo cy'impinduka nyayo hamwe n'intera y'ikosa ya ± 0.5%, mu gihe ikosa ry'igipimo cyo kohereza ubutumwa bw'umukandara rishobora kugera kuri ± 5%.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha: Mu bikoresho bisaba kohereza neza cyane, nko kohereza spindle ku gikoresho cy'imashini, kohereza robot hamwe n'ibindi, umuyoboro w'imashini ukoreshwa cyane. Urugero, muri sisitemu yo kohereza spindle y'igikoresho cy'imashini gikoresha uburyo bugezweho, nyuma yo gukoresha kohereza spindle ku muyoboro, umuvuduko w'umuyoboro wiyongereyeho 20% kandi uburyo bwo gutunganya bwariyongereyeho 15%.
Igihe cyo gukora: Kubera ko umunyururu w'umuzingo utagira uburyo bwo kuzunguruka no kunyerera, igihe cyo gukora umunyururu n'umugozi wawo ni gito kandi igihe cyo gukora ni kirekire. Muri rusange, igihe cyo gukora umunyururu w'umuzingo gishobora kugera ku myaka 5 kugeza ku 10, mu gihe igihe cyo gukora umukandara w'umukandara gisanzwe ari imyaka 2 kugeza kuri 3.

2. Uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru neza
2.1 Umuyoboro w'ibyuma ukoresha amashanyarazi ufite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubutumwa ku buryo buhanitse kandi utakaza ingufu nke
Umunyururu w'umukandara ni mwiza cyane kurusha umukandara w'umukandara mu bijyanye no kohereza ubutumwa neza, ahanini bitewe n'uburyo bwihariye bwo kohereza ubutumwa. Umunyururu w'umukandara wohereza imbaraga binyuze mu gukurura umukandara n'umugozi. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza bugabanya igihombo cy'ingufu mu gihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa. Mu buryo bunyuranye, umukandara w'umukandara ukoresha imbaraga zo kohereza ubutumwa. Iyo gukurura kutuzuye cyangwa umutwaro uhindutse, biroroshye kunyerera, bigatera igihombo cy'ingufu.
Igereranya ry'amakuru: Ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru bw'umunyururu w'umuzingo muri rusange bushobora kugera ku kigero kirenga 95%, mu gihe ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru bw'umunyururu w'umuzingo busanzwe buri hagati ya 80% na 90%. Mu gihe cy'imizigo myinshi n'imikorere yihuta cyane, inyungu yo kohereza amakuru y'umunyururu w'umuzingo w'umuzingo iragaragara cyane. Urugero, mu nganda zikora, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu ry'ibikoresho bikoresha umunyururu w'umuzingo w'umuzingo riri hasi ya 15% ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bikoresha umunyururu w'umuzingo.
Gutakaza ingufu: Mu gihe cyo kohereza umugozi w'ingufu, gutakaza ingufu ahanini bituruka ku gukururana hagati y'umugozi n'agace k'ingufu no guhinduka kw'umugozi. Bitewe n'imiterere y'umugozi w'ingufu, ibi bihombo ni bike cyane. Uretse gukururana, gutakaza ingufu kw'umugozi w'ingufu birimo no guhinduka kw'ingufu no kunyerera k'umugozi, cyane cyane mu bihe aho umutwaro uhinduka kenshi, gutakaza ingufu ni ikintu gikomeye cyane.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha: Iminyururu ikoreshwa cyane mu bihe bikenewe kohereza imodoka neza cyane, nko gukoresha igihe cy'imodoka n'imiyoboro ikora ikoranabuhanga mu nganda. Urugero, muri gahunda y'igihe cy'imodoka, nyuma yo gukoresha umunyururu utwara imodoka, moteri ikoresha lisansi irushaho kuba nziza ku kigero cya 5%, mu gihe imyuka ihumanya igabanuka, ibyo bigatuma imodoka ikora neza, ndetse binahuza n'ibisabwa mu kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga: Bitewe n'ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubutumwa bwinshi no gutakaza ingufu nke z'iminyururu izunguruka, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'ikiguzi cyo gukoresha ibikoresho bishobora kugabanuka mu gihe kirekire. Muri icyo gihe, igihe cyo gukora cy'iminyururu izunguruka ni kirekire, ibi bigabanya inshuro zo gusimbuza n'ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga. Mu buryo bunyuranye, umukandara utwara imizigo ufite ubushobozi buke kandi bisaba gusimbuza imikandara kenshi, ibyo bikaba byongera ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga.

3. Umugozi n'umutwaro w'ubwikorezi
3.1 ​​Umunyururu w'umuzingo ufite imbaraga nke zo gukurura, kandi imbaraga zo gufata umugozi n'imbaraga zo gutwara ni nto
Ingufu zo gutwara umugozi zifite inyungu zikomeye ugereranyije n’ingufu zo gutwara umukandara mu bijyanye n’umuvuduko w’umugozi n’umutwaro w’ingufu, ibi bikaba bigaragarira ahanini mu kuba zikenera imbaraga nke zo gukaza umuvuduko.
Kugereranya imbaraga z'umuvuduko: Bitewe n'imiterere yayo yo kohereza imigozi, umuyoboro w'imigozi ntukenera gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi z'umuvuduko nk'umuyoboro w'imigozi kugira ngo umenye neza ingaruka z'umuyoboro. Kugira ngo imbaraga z'umugozi zirusheho kwiyongera, umuyoboro w'imigozi ubusanzwe usaba imbaraga nyinshi z'umuvuduko, ibyo bigatuma umugozi n'umugozi bitwara umuvuduko mwinshi. Imbaraga z'umuvuduko w'umuyoboro w'imigozi ni ntoya, muri rusange ni 30% ~ 50% by'imbaraga z'umuvuduko w'umuyoboro w'imigozi. Iyi mbaraga nto y'umuvuduko igabanya cyane imbaraga ku mugozi n'umugozi mu gihe cyo gukora, bityo bikagabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'umugozi.
Umutwaro n'ubuzima bw'ingufu: Kubera ko ingufu zitwara imizigo zidafite umuvuduko muke ku giti no ku gitereko, ubuzima bw'ingufu burongerwa. Mu mikoreshereze nyayo, ubuzima bw'ingufu zikoresha ingufu zitwara imizigo bushobora kongerwa inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3 ugereranije n'ibikoresho bikoresha ingufu zitwara imizigo. Urugero, mu mashini icukura amabuye y'agaciro, nyuma y'uko ingufu zitwara imizigo zisimbuwe n'ingufu zitwara imizigo, igihe cyo gusimbuza ingufu cyarongerewe kuva ku mezi 6 ya mbere kugeza ku mezi 18, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga n'igihe cyo kudakora kw'ibikoresho.
Gutuza no gukora neza kw'ibikoresho: Imitwaro mito yo gutwara ibikoresho ntifasha gusa kongera igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho, ahubwo inanoza uburyo ibikoresho bigumana n'uburyo bikoresha neza. Mu bikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo gukora ibikoresho neza cyane, nk'ibikoresho bya CNC, umuyoboro w'ibyuma ukoresha roller chain ushobora gukomeza neza uburyo ibikoresho bigumana n'uburyo bigumana. Ibi biterwa nuko gukaza umuvuduko muke bigabanya impinduka no guhindagura kw'umugozi, bityo bigatuma ibikoresho bigumana n'uburyo bigumana n'ubuziranenge bw'ubuso bw'ibikoresho.
Ingero zifatika: Gukoresha umugozi w'uruhererekane rw'ibyuma bifite ibyiza bifatika mu gihe bisaba gukora neza igihe kirekire kandi ibisabwa ku mutwaro w'imodoka biri hasi. Urugero, mu bikoresho binini by'inganda, imashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro, imashini z'ubuhinzi n'ahandi, gukoresha umugozi w'uruhererekane rw'ibyuma bishobora kumenyera ahantu hagoye ho gukorera, mu gihe bigabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho n'igihe cyo kuruhuka.

4. Guhuza n'aho akazi gakorerwa
4.1 Iminyururu ishobora gukora ahantu habi nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'ihumana rya peteroli
Iminyururu y'imizingo ifite ibyiza bikomeye mu guhuza n'aho ikorera, cyane cyane ahantu habi nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'ihumana rya peteroli, kandi ikoreshwa cyane kurusha imikandara y'imikandara.
Guhuza n'ubushyuhe bwinshi: Iminyururu y'imizingo ishobora gukora neza mu bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ibikoresho byayo n'imiterere yayo biyifasha gukomeza gukora neza mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Urugero, muri sisitemu yo kohereza ibikoresho by'inganda, iminyururu y'imizingo ishobora gukora neza mu bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 300°C. Mu buryo bunyuranye, iminyururu y'imizingo ikunda gusaza, guhinduka, cyangwa no kwangirika k'umubiri w'umuzingo mu bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ubushyuhe bwayo mu mikorere akenshi ntiburenga 100°C.
Guhuza n'ahantu hafite amavuta: Iminyururu ikora neza ahantu hafite amavuta, kandi uburyo bwo gushyiramo iminyururu n'udupira mu mavuta bituma amavuta adakora neza. Ahantu hafite amavuta menshi, nko mu mamashini atunganya, sisitemu yo kohereza iminyururu iracyashobora gukomeza gukoresha neza no kwizerwa. Iminyururu ikoresha imikandara ikunze kunyerera ahantu hafite amavuta, bigatuma ubushobozi bwo kohereza iminyururu bugabanuka cyangwa bigatuma inanirwa.
Kwihuza n'ahandi hantu hakomeye: Iminyururu y'iminyururu ishobora no gukora mu buryo busanzwe ahantu hakomeye nko mu bushyuhe n'umukungugu. Urugero, mu bikoresho byo mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, iminyururu y'iminyururu ishobora gukora neza ahantu hari ivumbi ryinshi. Iminyururu y'iminyururu irahumana byoroshye muri aho hantu, bigatuma umukandara utwara imizigo ugabanuka, ndetse no kwangirika no kwangirika.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha: Iminyururu ikoreshwa cyane mu bihe bigomba kwimenyereza imikorere mibi. Urugero, mu nganda zikora moteri, sisitemu yo kohereza iminyururu ishobora gukora neza mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'amavuta kugira ngo moteri ikore neza kandi ikore neza. Mu nganda zitunganya ibiribwa, sisitemu yo kohereza iminyururu ikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe mu kirere gishyushye kugira ngo ikore neza ibikoresho bitunganya ibiribwa.

5. Ubuzima bwa serivisi
5.1 Umunyururu w'umuzingo ufite imiterere mito kandi umara igihe kirekire
Imiterere y'iminyururu y'umukandara ituma uba mwiza cyane kurusha umukandara w'umukandara mu gihe cy'ubuzima. Umukandara w'umukandara ugizwe n'uruhererekane rw'imikandara migufi ifite uburebure bwa cylindrical, imikandara y'imbere n'iy'inyuma, imisumari n'amaboko. Imikandara ipfunyitse hanze y'amaboko. Iyo ikora, imikandara izunguruka ku murongo w'amenyo y'umukandara. Iyi miterere ntigenda neza gusa, ahubwo inagira ikibazo gito cyo gukururana. Mu buryo bunyuranye, kubera ko umukandara w'umukandara ushingira ku gukururana kugira ngo wohereze imbaraga, biroroshye kunyerera iyo umutwaro uhindutse cyangwa umuvuduko udahagije, bigatuma umukandara w'umukandara wiyongera.
Ibyiza by'imiterere: Imiterere mito y'umunyururu uzunguruka ituma ubasha kwihanganira imitwaro y'impanuka n'imbaraga nyinshi mu gihe cyo kohereza, bigabanya uburebure n'ubusaza bw'umunyururu. Bitewe n'imiterere yawo yoroshye, umukandara utwara umukandara ukunda kwangirika no kunyerera iyo umutwaro mwinshi urimo gukururwa kandi ugatangira gukoreshwa kenshi, bigatuma umukandara ugenda wangirika hakiri kare.
Igereranya ry'amakuru: Muri rusange, igihe cyo gukora cy'iminyururu y'amapine gishobora kugera ku myaka 5 kugeza ku 10, mu gihe igihe cyo gukora cy'iminyururu y'amapine akenshi ari imyaka 2 kugeza kuri 3. Mu mikoreshereze nyayo, nyuma y'uko imashini zicukura zikoresheje iminyururu y'amapine, igihe cyo gukora cy'iminyururu y'amapine cyarongerewe kuva ku myaka 3 ya mbere kikagera ku myaka 8, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga no gukora ibikoresho.
Igiciro cyo kubungabunga: Bitewe n'igihe kirekire cy'iminyururu y'imizingo, ikiguzi cyo kuyibungabunga ni gito. Iminyururu y'imizingo ntikenera gusimburwa kenshi, kandi mu bihe bisanzwe byo kuyikoresha, hakenewe igenzura n'amavuta buri gihe kugira ngo imikorere ikomeze kuba myiza. Iminyururu y'imizingo isaba ko habaho gukosora imbaraga buri gihe, kandi inshuro nyinshi umukandara wo gutwara imizingo usimburana ni munini, ibyo bikaba byongera ikiguzi cyo kuyibungabunga.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha: Iminyururu ikoreshwa cyane mu bihe bisaba imikorere ihamye igihe kirekire kandi idasaba kwitabwaho cyane, nko mu mashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro, imashini z'ubuhinzi, imiyoboro y'inganda ikora ikoranabuhanga, n'ibindi. Ibi bikoresho akenshi bikora ahantu hagoye gukorera, kandi igihe kirekire kandi byizewe cyane n'iminyururu ikora ikoranabuhanga bituma biba amahitamo meza.
Muri make, imiterere mito n'uburambe bukabije bw'iminyururu izunguruka bitanga inyungu zikomeye mu bijyanye n'igihe cyo kuyikoresha, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugabanya neza ikiguzi cyo kuyibungabunga n'igihe cyo kuyikoresha kidakora neza kandi bikaba bikwiriye mu bihe bitandukanye by'inganda bisaba gukora neza igihe kirekire.

6. Incamake
Binyuze mu isesengura rigereranya iminyururu y'imizingo n'imikandara y'imikandara mu ngero nyinshi, dushobora kubona neza ibyiza by'iminyururu y'imizingo mu mpande nyinshi, bigatuma igira agaciro kanini mu bihe byihariye byo gukoreshwa.
Ku bijyanye no gukoresha neza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ishobora kwirinda kunyerera no kunyerera bitewe n'imiterere yayo yo kohereza imiyoboro, igakomeza kuba impuzandengo nyayo y'ikigereranyo cyo kohereza, kandi urwego rw'amakosa ni ± 0.5% gusa, mu gihe ikosa ry'ikigereranyo cyo kohereza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi rishobora kugera kuri ± 5%. Iyi nyungu ituma imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho byo kohereza imiyoboro by'amashanyarazi bigezweho, nko kohereza imiyoboro y'ibikoresho by'imashini, kohereza imiyoboro y'amarobo, nibindi, bishobora kunoza cyane uburyo bwo gutunganya no kudahungabana kw'imikorere y'ibikoresho. Muri icyo gihe, igihe cyo gukora cy'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi nacyo ni kirekire, kugeza ku myaka 5 kugeza ku 10, ari hejuru cyane y'imyaka 2 kugeza kuri 3 yo kohereza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, bikagabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga n'igihe cyo kudakora kw'ibikoresho.
Ku bijyanye n'imikorere myiza y'imashini zitwara imizigo, ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo y'imizigo y'imizigo bushobora kugera ku kigero kirenga 95%, mu gihe imiyoboro y'imizigo isanzwe iri hagati ya 80% na 90%. Mu gihe cy'imizigo myinshi n'imikorere yihuta, iyi nyungu y'imiyoboro y'imizigo igaragara cyane, ibi bikaba bishobora kugabanya neza ikoreshwa ry'ingufu z'ibikoresho. Urugero, mu nganda zimwe na zimwe, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu ry'ibikoresho bikoresha imiyoboro y'imizigo ryoroheje riri hasi ya 15% ugereranyije n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bikoresha imiyoboro y'imizigo. Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro y'imizigo imara igihe kirekire kandi itwara amafaranga make yo kuyibungabunga, ibyo bikaba birushaho kunoza ubukungu bwayo mu mikorere y'igihe kirekire.
Ku bijyanye n'imizigo y'umugozi n'imizigo itwara imizigo, umuvuduko w'umunyururu ugenda uhinduka 30% kugeza 50% by'umuvuduko w'umukandara, ibi bigabanya cyane imbaraga ku munyururu no ku muvuduko mu gihe cyo gukora, bityo bikongera igihe cyo gukora cy'umunyururu, gishobora kongerwa inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3 ugereranije n'ibikoresho bikoresha umunyururu. Imizigo mito itwara imizigo ntifasha gusa kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, ahubwo inanoza umutuzo rusange n'uburyo ibikoresho bikoresha. Kubwibyo, kohereza umunyururu ugenda utwara imizigo bifite ibyiza bigaragarira buri gihe aho bikenewe ko habaho imikorere ihamye igihe kirekire kandi ibisabwa kugira ngo umuvuduko w'umutwaro ugende ugabanuka, nko mu bikoresho binini by'inganda, imashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro, imashini z'ubuhinzi n'ibindi.
Guhuza n'aho bakorera nabyo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu miyoboro y'amapine. Imiyoboro y'amapine ishobora gukora neza ahantu habi nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi (kugeza kuri 300°C), amavuta, ubushuhe, n'umukungugu, mu gihe imikandara y'amapine ishobora kwangirika cyangwa no kwangirika muri aho hantu. Ibi bituma imiyoboro y'amapine ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nko mu nganda zikora imodoka no gutunganya ibiribwa, bigatuma ibikoresho bikomeza gukora neza kandi neza mu duce duto dukoreramo.
Muri rusange, iminyururu y'imizingo irusha imikandara imbaraga mu bimenyetso byinshi by'ingenzi nko gukoresha neza iminyururu, gukoresha neza iminyururu, imitwaro y'imizigo n'imitwaro, guhuza n'aho ikorera, n'igihe ikorera. Izi nyungu zituma iminyururu y'imizingo iba amahitamo meza mu nganda, cyane cyane mu bihe bikenewe gukoresha neza cyane, gukora neza cyane, ahantu habi, no gukora neza igihe kirekire.