Isano iri hagati y'inshuro zo gusiga amavuta mu mugozi n'ubuzima: ibintu by'ingenzi n'amabwiriza ngiro

Isano iri hagati y'inshuro zo gusiga amavuta mu mugozi n'ubuzima: ibintu by'ingenzi n'amabwiriza ngiro

Intangiriro
Nk'igice cy'ingenzi mu buryo bwo kohereza no gutwara ibintu mu buryo bwa mekanike, iminyururu y'ibizingo igira uruhare runini mu nganda nyinshi n'ibikoresho bya mekanike, nk'imodoka, moto, imashini z'ubuhinzi, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibiribwa, ibikoresho byo gutwara ibintu, nibindi. Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ugutwara ingufu kuva ku bikoresho bitwara ibintu ukajya ku bikoresho bitwarwa, cyangwa gukoreshwa mu gutwara ibintu, kugira ngo uburyo bwa mekanike bukore neza kandi bukomeze gukora.
Ariko, iminyururu y'imizingo igirwaho ingaruka n'ibintu bitandukanye mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha, bigatera kwangirika, umunaniro no kwangirika, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku mikorere n'ubwizigirwa bw'ibikoresho bya mekanike. Muri byo, amavuta ni ikintu cy'ingenzi, gifitanye isano itaziguye n'igihe cyo kuyikoresha n'imikorere myiza y'iminyururu y'imizingo. Iyi nkuru izasuzuma byimbitse isano iri hagati y'inshuro yo kuyikoresha n'igihe ikoreshwa, isesengura ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku ngaruka zo kuyikoresha, kandi itange amabwiriza afatika yo gufasha abaguzi mpuzamahanga n'abakoresha bafitanye isano gusobanukirwa no gukoresha ubumenyi bwo kuyikoresha kugira ngo bongere ikoreshwa n'ibungabungwa ry'iminyururu y'imizingo, kugabanya ikiguzi cy'imikorere y'ibikoresho, no kunoza imikorere myiza y'umusaruro.

1. Imiterere n'amahame ngiro y'umunyururu uzunguruka
Imiterere y'imiterere
Ubusanzwe umugozi w'urukiramende ugizwe n'ibice by'ibanze nka plaque y'imbere, plaque y'inyuma, pin, sleeve na roll. Plaque y'imbere n'plaque y'inyuma bihuzwa binyuze kuri pin na sleeve kugira ngo bibe imiterere y'ibanze y'umugozi. Rolle ishyirwa ku sleeve kandi ifatanye n'amenyo y'agace kugira ngo igere ku ngufu.
Ihame ry'imikorere
Iyo umunyururu w'umuzingo uhuye n'umusemburo,imizingo y'imizingoku ruhande rw'amenyo y'umugozi, bityo ugatanga imbaraga ziva kuri uwo mugozi zijya ku mugozi uzunguruka kandi ugatuma ibikoresho bya mekanike bigenda. Mu gihe cyo kugenda, kugenda hagati y'ibice bitandukanye by'umugozi uzunguruka bibaho, bigatera gushwanyagurika no kwangirika. By'umwihariko, ubuso buhuza hagati y'umugozi n'umugozi, n'umugozi n'umugozi, birashaje cyane bitewe n'umuvuduko mwinshi w'igitutu n'umuvuduko ugereranije n'uwo kugenda.

2. Uruhare rw'ingenzi rw'amavuta mu munyururu w'ibizingo
Kugabanya kwangirika
Gusiga amavuta neza bishobora gukora urwego rw'amavuta yo kwisiga ku buso bwa buri ruhererekane rw'umunyururu w'uruhererekane rw'ibyuma, bigatandukanya ubuso bw'ibyuma kandi birinda gukorana neza hagati y'ibyuma, bityo bigagabanya cyane ingano y'ibyuma byo kwisiga n'umuvuduko wo kwangirika. Ibi bifasha kugabanya kwangirika kw'ibice nk'udupira, amaboko n'udupira, kandi bikongera igihe cyo kubikoresha.
Gabanya ubushobozi bwo kurwanya gukururana
Amavuta ashobora kugabanya neza ubukana bw'iminyururu izunguruka mu gihe cyo kugenda, bigatuma umunyururu ugenda neza, bikagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu z'ibikoresho byo gutwara, kandi bikanoza imikorere myiza ya sisitemu yose yo gutwara.
Irinde ingese n'umusemburo
Amavuta ashobora gukora agace karinda ku buso bw'iminyururu izunguruka, agatandukanya ibintu byangiza nk'amazi, ogisijeni, n'ibintu bihumanya ikirere kugira ngo bitagera ku buso bw'icyuma, akarinda urunigi kwangirika no kwangirika, kandi akagumana imikorere myiza n'isura nziza.
Kugabanya imitwaro y'ihungabana
Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe by'akazi, iminyururu ishobora guhura n'imizigo ihindagurika, nko gutangira, guhagarara cyangwa guhindura umuvuduko mu buryo butunguranye. Amavuta ashobora kugira uruhare runaka mu gufunga, kugabanya ingaruka z'imizigo ihindagurika ku munyururu, no kugabanya kwangirika k'umurunga.
Gukonjesha no gukonjesha
Amavuta ashobora gukuraho ubushyuhe buterwa no gukururana mu gihe cy'ingendo z'iminyururu izunguruka, akagira uruhare runaka mu gukonjesha no gukonjesha, kandi akarinda umunyururu kwangirika imburagihe bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.

3. Ingaruka z'ubwinshi bw'amavuta yo kwisiga ku mugozi ku buzima
Amavuta adahagije
Iyo inshuro yo gusiga amavuta ari nke cyane, ubuso bw'umunyururu w'umuzingo ntibuba busize amavuta yuzuye, kandi gusiganwa kw'umunyururu cyangwa ku mupaka bishobora kubaho. Ibi bizatuma igipimo cyo gusiganwa cyiyongera cyane, gishire cyane, gitange ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi cyongere ubushyuhe bw'umunyururu. Gusiganwa bidahagije igihe kirekire byongera umwanya uhuye hagati y'agapira n'agapfunyika, byongera ubukana bw'umunyururu, hanyuma bigatera gufungana nabi hagati y'agapfunyika n'umunyururu, bigatera urusaku n'ihindagurika ry'imitsi, kandi amaherezo byihutishe kwangirika kw'umunyururu, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo gukora. Byongeye kandi, gusiganwa kudahagije bizatuma umunyururu ushobora kwangirika cyane, bigabanya imikorere n'ubuzima bwawo.
Inshuro zikwiye zo gusiga amavuta
Dukurikije imiterere y'imikorere y'umuyoboro w'ingufu n'inama z'uwakoze, gena neza inshuro zo gusiga amavuta kandi ushyire amavuta kuri iyi nshuro, kugira ngo umuyoboro w'ingufu uhore umeze neza. Ibi bishobora kugabanya kwangirika, kugabanya imbaraga zo gukururana no gukoresha ingufu, gukumira ingese no kwangirika, no kugabanya uburemere bw'ingaruka, bityo bikongera igihe cyo gukora cy'umuyoboro w'ingufu. Muri rusange, mu gihe cy'imikorere ikwiye yo gusiga amavuta, igihe cyo gukora cy'umuyoboro w'ingufu gishobora kugera ku gihe cyagenwe cyangwa igihe kirekire.
Gusiga amavuta menshi cyane
Nubwo amavuta adahagije agira ingaruka mbi zikomeye ku buzima bw'umuyoboro w'imashini, amavuta menshi ntabwo ari byiza kuyasiga. Amazi menshi ntabwo atuma amavuta apfa ubusa gusa kandi yongera ikiguzi cyo kuyatunganya, ahubwo ashobora no guteza ibindi bibazo. Urugero, amavuta menshi ashobora gutabwa hanze mu gihe cy'ingendo z'umuyoboro w'imashini, bikangiza ibidukikije n'ibikoresho biyikikije; cyangwa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe by'ubushyuhe bwinshi, amavuta ashobora kwangirika no kubora bitewe no gushyuha cyane, bigatuma habaho ibintu byangiza, bigatera ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe y'umuyoboro. Byongeye kandi, amavuta menshi ashobora no gutuma amavuta yirundanya imbere mu muyoboro, bigatuma umuyoboro ugenda neza, ndetse bigatera n'ibibazo nko kuziba.

Ibintu bine bigira ingaruka ku nshuro yo gusiga amavuta mu muyoboro w'imashini
Ahantu ho gukorera n'imiterere y'akazi
Ubushyuhe: Mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bw'amavuta buragabanuka kandi biroroshye kuyatakaza, bityo hakenewe amavuta menshi kugira ngo urunigi ruhore rufite amavuta ahagije. Mu bushyuhe buke, ubushyuhe bw'amavuta burazamuka, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushyuhe bwayo n'ingaruka zayo, kandi inshuro zo kuyasiga nazo zigomba guhindurwa neza.
Ubushuhe n'ubushuhe: Iyo ahantu hakorerwa hafite ubushuhe cyangwa hari amazi, ubushuhe bushobora kwinjira mu mugozi w'urukiramende, bugatuma amavuta agabanuka cyangwa akangirika, bityo bigatuma amavuta ashira vuba. Muri iki gihe, ni ngombwa kongera inshuro zo gukoresha amavuta ashyushye no guhitamo amavuta afite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda amazi cyangwa arwanya emulsification.
Umukungugu n'imyanda: Mu bidukikije birimo ivumbi cyangwa ibindi bihumanya, ivumbi n'indi myanda byoroshye kuvanga mu mavuta maze bigahinduka uduce duto tworoshye, bigatuma umunyururu w'umuzingo urambarare. Kubwibyo, umunyururu ugomba gusukurwa no gusigwa amavuta kenshi kugira ngo ukureho imyanda kandi amavuta akomeze kuba meza.
Umutwaro n'umuvuduko: Imikorere yoroshye n'umuvuduko mwinshi byongera umuvuduko w'umunyururu, bikihutisha umuvuduko wo kwangirika, kandi byongera ubushyuhe cyane. Kubwibyo, inshuro zo gusiga amavuta zigomba kongerwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho uburinzi buhagije bwo gusiga amavuta. Muri icyo gihe, amavuta afite ubukana bwinshi n'ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo agomba gutoranywa kugira ngo yuzuze ibisabwa byo gusiga amavuta mu gihe cy'umutwaro mwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
Ubwoko n'ubwiza bw'amavuta yo kwisiga
Imikorere y'amavuta: Ubwoko butandukanye bw'amavuta afite imikorere itandukanye, nko kuba ubushyuhe bukabije, ubushyuhe bukabije, ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika, ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ogisijeni, nibindi. Amavuta meza ashobora kugumana ubushobozi bwiza bwo gusiga mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, akagira igihe kirekire cyo gukora kandi akarinda kwangirika no kurwanya ingese, bityo inshuro zo gusiga zishobora kongerwa uko bikwiye. Urugero, amavuta ya sintetike muri rusange agira imikorere myiza kurusha amavuta ya peteroli, ashobora gutanga uburinzi bwiza bwo gusiga mu gihe cy'akazi gakomeye, kandi akagabanya igihe cyo gusiga.
Uburyo bwo kongeramo amavuta: Amavuta ashobora kongerwa ku minyururu y'amapine hakoreshejwe intoki, koza, gutera imbunda y'amavuta, uburyo bwo kwisiga mu buryo bwikora, nibindi. Uburyo butandukanye bwo kongeramo amavuta bugira ingaruka ku ikwirakwizwa no kugumana amavuta, bityo bukagira ingaruka ku nshuro yo kwisiga. Urugero, uburyo bwo kwisiga mu buryo bwikora bushobora kongeramo amavuta mu munyururu w'amapine hakurikijwe igihe cyagenwe n'ingano y'amavuta, kwemeza ko amavuta ahoraho atangwa, gutuma amavuta arushaho kuba amwe kandi ahamye, kugira ngo hakorwe neza inshuro zo kwisiga no kunoza ingaruka zo kwisiga.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umunyururu w'amapine n'ubwiza bw'inganda
Imiterere n'ibikoresho by'umunyururu: Imiterere y'imiterere n'uburyo ibikoresho by'umunyururu w'umuzunguruko bizagira ingaruka ku miterere yawo yo gushwanyagurika no kwishingikiriza ku gusya. Urugero, iminyururu imwe n'imwe ikora neza cyane ikoresha ikoranabuhanga cyangwa ibikoresho byihariye byo gutunganya ubuso, nko gupfuka chrome ikomeye, gusiga carburizing, nibindi, kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo kudashira no kudashira, bityo bikagabanya ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho gusya ku rugero runaka. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gukora neza no guteranya umunyururu nabyo bigira ingaruka ku ngaruka zo gusya. Iminyururu y'umuzunguruko ifite ubuziranenge buhanitse ishobora gukomeza gukwirakwiza no gufunga amavuta kandi ikarushaho kongera igihe cyo gusya.
Gusiga amavuta mbere: Mu gihe cyo gukora iminyururu y'imizingo, akenshi irashyirwamo amavuta kugira ngo umunyururu ukomeze kuba mwiza mu ntangiriro yo gukoreshwa. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gusiga amavuta mbere yo gukoreshwa n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'amavuta bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amavuta n'ubuzima bw'umunyururu w'imizingo mu gihe cyo gukoreshwa. Bamwe mu bakora iminyururu y'imizingo bakoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gusiga amavuta mbere yo gukoreshwa, nko gusiga amavuta adafite umuvuduko wa vacuum na gusiga amavuta ya wax, bishobora gukora firime imwe kandi iramba imbere no hejuru y'umunyururu, kugira ngo umunyururu w'imizingo ukomeze kuba mwiza mu gihe kirekire kandi ugabanye umubare w'amavuta akurikiraho.
Kubungabunga no kwita ku bikoresho
Isuku: Sukura buri gihe umuyoboro w'ibizingo n'ibidukikije biwukikije kugira ngo ukureho imyanda nk'umukungugu, amavuta n'ibindi bikoresho by'icyuma, bishobora kubuza imyanda kwinjira mu gice cyo kuzingurura, bigabanye kwangirika, bityo bikongere igihe cyo kuzingurura. Iyo ibikoresho bimaze igihe kirekire byanduye, imyanda ishobora kuvanga n'amavuta kugira ngo bikore uruvange rusa nabi, byihutishe kwangirika k'umuyoboro, kandi byongere inshuro zo kuzingurura.
Gukomera kw'umunyururu: Gukomera kw'umunyururu bikwiye ni ingenzi ku mikorere isanzwe y'umunyururu w'umuzunguruko no kwisiga amavuta. Iyo umunyururu urekuye cyane, biroroshye gutera gutandukana nabi hagati y'umunyururu n'umunyururu, bigatuma amenyo asimbuka, ingaruka n'ibindi bintu, bikongera ubusakare n'umunaniro w'umunyururu; icyarimwe, umunyururu urekuye uzatera gukwirakwira gutandukanye kw'amavuta kandi bigira ingaruka ku ngaruka z'amavuta. Iyo umunyururu urekuye cyane, byongera imbaraga hagati y'umunyururu n'umunyururu, byihutishe ubusakare bw'ibice, kandi bikagira ingaruka mbi ku gutembera no kugumana amavuta. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kugenzura buri gihe no guhindura imbaraga z'umunyururu kugira ngo ukomeze gukora neza no gukora neza kw'amavuta, kandi umenye neza inshuro z'amavuta arekuye.
Imiterere n'imiterere y'ibindi bice: Imiterere y'ibindi bice bijyanye n'umunyururu w'umuzunguruko mu bikoresho, nka sprockets, shafts, bearingers, nibindi, bizagira ingaruka ku gusya no ku buzima bw'umunyururu w'umuzunguruko. Urugero, gusya kw'amenyo y'umuzunguruko, guhinduka kw'umunyururu, kwangirika kw'umunyururu, nibindi bishobora gutera imbaraga zitangana ku munyururu w'umuzunguruko, kongera kwangirika k'aho utuye, no kugira ingaruka ku ngaruka z'ugusya. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kugenzura no kubungabunga sisitemu yose y'ibikoresho kugira ngo harebwe ko buri gice gihuzwa neza kandi gikora neza, habeho ibidukikije bihamye byo gukoreraho ku munyururu w'umuzunguruko, bityo binoze inshuro zo gusya no kongera igihe cyo gukora.

5. Uburyo bwo kumenya inshuro zikwiye zo gusiga amavuta mu muyoboro w'urukiramende
Incamake ku nama z'uwakoze
Abakora imiyoboro y'ibyuma bizunguruka bakunze gutanga inama zijyanye n'igihe cyo gusiga amavuta hamwe n'inama zijyanye n'uburyo ibikoresho byabo bikoreshwa. Aya makuru aboneka mu gitabo cy'amabwiriza cyangwa mu makuru ya tekiniki y'ibicuruzwa. Gukurikiza inama z'uruganda ni ishingiro ryo kwemeza ko imiyoboro y'ibyuma ikora neza kandi ikora neza, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'ingwate y'ibikoresho.
Urebye imiterere nyayo y'akazi
Mu mikoreshereze nyayo, amabwiriza y’umukora ku bijyanye n’inshuro zo gusiga amavuta agomba guhindurwa neza hamwe n’aho akorera n’imiterere y’aho akorera. Urugero, niba umugozi ugenda ukorera ahantu habi, nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ubushuhe bwinshi, ivumbi cyangwa umutwaro mwinshi, inshuro zo gusiga amavuta zishobora kongerwa hakurikijwe iyo mikorere. Ibinyuranye n’ibyo, mu gihe cyoroheje cyo gukora, igihe cyo gusiga amavuta gishobora kongerwa neza, ariko imiterere y’umugozi igomba gukurikiranirwa hafi kugira ngo harebwe ko ingaruka zo gusiga amavuta zihari.
Reba uko umugozi w'uruhererekane rw'imizingo uhagaze
Kwitegereza buri gihe imikorere y'umunyururu w'urukiramende, nko kumenya niba hari urusaku rudasanzwe, guhindagura, ubushyuhe, ibimenyetso byo kwangirika, nibindi, bishobora kumenya ku gihe ko amavuta adahagije cyangwa ibindi bibazo. Urugero, iyo umunyururu w'urukiramende uvuze ijwi riturika, ijwi ry'icyuma gishyushye, cyangwa se rigenda nabi, bishobora kugaragaza ko amavuta yananiwe cyangwa adahagije, kandi amavuta akenewe mu gihe. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka z'amavuta n'uko inshuro z'amavuta zigomba guhindurwa bishobora gusuzumwa hagenzurwa uko umunyururu wangiritse n'uko wangiritse.
Gukora ibizamini byo gusiga amavuta no gukurikirana
Ibizamini byo gusiga amavuta no gukurikirana bishobora gukorwa ku bikoresho by'ingenzi cyangwa imiterere y'akazi kugira ngo hamenyekane inshuro nziza zo gusiga amavuta. Urugero, amavuta yo gusiga mu mugozi ashobora gusuzumwa buri gihe no gusesengura kugira ngo hamenyekane ibimenyetso nk'ubukana, umwanda, n'ingano y'icyuma gisanzwe. Ingufu n'ingano y'ubusaze bw'amavuta bishobora gupimwa hashingiwe ku bisubizo by'isesengura, kugira ngo hakosorwe gahunda yo gusiga amavuta. Byongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga rimwe na rimwe rigezweho ryo kugenzura, nko kugenzura imitingito, kugenzura ubushyuhe, no kugenzura amavuta, rishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere y'imikorere n'imiterere y'umugozi mu gihe nyacyo, no kugira ngo hagerwe ku micungire nyayo y'amavuta no kuburira amakosa.

VI. Isesengura ry'ikibazo cy'isano iri hagati y'inshuro zo gusiga amavuta mu muyoboro w'urukiramende n'ubuzima mu bihe bitandukanye byo gukoreshwa
Gukoresha iminyururu izunguruka muri moteri z'imodoka
Muri moteri z'imodoka, iminyururu y'ibizingo ikoreshwa mu gutwara ibice by'ingenzi nka camshafts, kandi imiterere yazo ni ubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi n'umutwaro mwinshi. Ubusanzwe, abakora batunganya ubuso bwihariye no gusiga amavuta ku minyururu y'ibizingo mu gihe cyo gushushanya no gukora moteri, kandi bongeramo ingano ikwiye y'inyongera zirwanya kwangirika ku mavuta ya moteri kugira ngo barebe ko umunyururu w'ibizingo urimo amavuta kandi urinzwe neza mu gihe cyose ukoreshwa. Muri iki gihe, amavuta y'umunyururu w'ibizingo aterwa ahanini n'uburyo amavuta azenguruka muri moteri, kandi inshuro zayo zo gusiga amavuta ni nkeya. Muri rusange, ni ngombwa gusa gusimbuza amavuta n'amavuta hakurikijwe igihe cyo kuyatunganya cyangwa igihe cyagenwe n'uruganda rw'imodoka, kandi nta mpamvu yo gusiga amavuta kenshi ku munyururu w'ibizingo. Ariko, niba ubwiza bw'amavuta ya moteri ari bubi, ingano y'amavuta idahagije, cyangwa amavuta adasimbuwe mu gihe, bishobora gutera amavuta mabi ku munyururu w'ibizingo, kwangirika cyane, urusaku rwinshi n'ibindi bibazo, bizagira ingaruka ku mikorere n'ubuzima bwa moteri, ndetse bishobora no gutuma moteri inanirwa.
Gukoresha urunigi rw'ibirori mu bikoresho bitunganya ibiribwa
Iminyururu y'imizingo mu bikoresho bitunganya ibiribwa akenshi igomba kuzuza amahame y'isuku n'ibisabwa mu mutekano w'ibiribwa, bityo guhitamo amavuta yo kwisiga ni bike cyane, kandi amavuta yo kwisiga muri rusange arakenewe. Bitewe n'umwihariko w'ahantu hatunganyirizwa ibiribwa, nko guhumeka, gukaraba mu mazi, no kuba hari ibisigazwa by'ibiribwa, inshuro zo kwisiga z'imizingo y'imizingo y'imizingo ni nyinshi. Urugero, mu bikoresho bimwe na bimwe bitunganya inyama, iminyururu y'imizingo y'imizingo igomba gusukurwa no gusukurwa inshuro nyinshi ku munsi, bishobora gukaraba amavuta yo kwisiga, bityo igomba kongera gusigwa amavuta ku gihe nyuma yo gusukurwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko umunyururu wangirika cyangwa wangirika bitewe no kubura amavuta yo kwisiga. Muri icyo gihe, kugira ngo habeho umutekano w'ibiribwa, amavuta yo kwisiga yatoranijwe agomba kuba afite ubushobozi bwo kudashira no kwangirika, kandi ntahumanya ibiribwa ndetse no mu gihe byagera ku biryo ku buryo butunguranye. Muri iki gihe cyo gukoresha, kugenzura neza inshuro zo kwisiga no guhitamo amavuta yo kwisiga akwiye mu biryo ni ingenzi ku buzima bw'iminyururu y'imizingo y'imizingo n'imikorere isanzwe y'ibikoresho.
Gukoresha urunigi rw'imigozi mu mashini z'ubuhinzi
Iyo imashini z'ubuhinzi nka traktori n'imashini zisarura zikora mu murima, imiyoboro y'imashini ikunze guhura n'imyanda nk'ubutaka, umukungugu n'ibyatsi, kandi ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku mvura n'ubushuhe, kandi aho bakorera hakarushaho kuba habi. Muri iki gihe, inshuro z'imiyoboro y'imashini zisukura zigomba guhindurwa neza hakurikijwe imiterere nyayo y'imikorere n'imiterere y'ibidukikije. Muri rusange, mbere y'igihe cy'imikorere, imiyoboro y'imashini igomba gusukurwa neza no gusigwa amavuta, kandi amavuta agomba kugenzurwa buri gihe no kongera gukoreshwa mu gihe cy'imikorere hakurikijwe inshuro zikoreshwa n'imiterere y'ibidukikije. Urugero, mu bidukikije byuzuyemo ivumbi, imiyoboro y'imashini ishobora gukenera gusigwa amavuta no gusukurwa buri cyumweru cyangwa kenshi kugira ngo hirindwe ko imyanda yinjira mu miyoboro igatera kwangirika. Byongeye kandi, kugira ngo ihuze n'imiterere y'imikorere y'imashini z'ubuhinzi, imiyoboro y'imashini isanzwe ikoresha ibyuma bifunga n'amavuta yihariye, nka litiyumu ishingiye kuri litiyumu, kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo kwirinda amazi no kurwanya umwanda, kandi yongere igihe cyo kuyisiga no kuyikoresha.
Imikoreshereze y'iminyururu izunguruka mu buryo bwo gutwara ibintu
Mu buryo butandukanye bwo gutwara ibintu, nk'amamashini atwara imizigo, amamashini atwara imizigo, n'ibindi, iminyururu ikoreshwa mu gutwara imikandara cyangwa gutwara ibicuruzwa. Imiterere y'akazi kayo n'ibisabwa mu gusiga amavuta biratandukanye bitewe n'ibintu nk'imiterere y'ibikoresho bitwarwa, umuvuduko wo gutwara ibintu, n'imiterere y'ibidukikije. Urugero, muri sisitemu yo gutwara ibintu nk'amakara n'amabuye y'agaciro, umunyururu ugenda uhinduka kandi ukambarwa n'ibikoresho, kandi ushobora guhura n'umukungugu, amazi n'ibindi bikoresho. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa guhitamo amavuta afite ubukana bwinshi kandi arwanya kwangirika, no kongera inshuro zikwiye zo gusiga amavuta kugira ngo ugabanye kwangirika no kongera igihe cy'ubuzima bw'umunyururu. Ku sisitemu zo gutwara ibintu bifite isuku nyinshi nk'ibiribwa n'imiti, amavuta yo mu rwego rwo hejuru cyangwa adafite umwanda agomba gukoreshwa, kandi amavuta agomba kubikwa asukuye kandi akwiye kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduzwa n'ibikoresho. Byongeye kandi, mu kubungabunga buri munsi sisitemu yo gutwara ibintu, kugenzura buri gihe uko umunyururu ugenda uhindagurika, kwangirika no gusiga amavuta, no guhindura no gusiga amavuta ku gihe ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo sisitemu yo gutwara ibintu ikore neza kandi ubuzima bw'umunyururu ugenda uhinduka.

VII. Uburyo bwiza n'inama zo kubungabunga urunigi rw'imigozi
Hitamo amavuta akwiye yo kwisiga
Hitamo ubwoko bukwiye bw'amavuta yo kwisiga, nk'amavuta yo kwisiga ashingiye ku mavuta y'ubutare, amavuta yo kwisiga, amavuta yo kwisiga, irangi, n'ibindi, hakurikijwe imiterere y'akazi, imiterere y'akazi, ibikoresho n'inama z'abakora umunyururu w'uruhererekane. Urugero, mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'imitwaro myinshi, amavuta yo kwisiga afite ubukana bwinshi, aho amanuka cyane n'ubushobozi bwiza bwo kwangirika agomba gutoranywa; mu bidukikije bitose kandi byuzuye amazi, amavuta yo kwisiga afite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda amazi cyangwa kurwanya emulsification agomba gutoranywa; mu bidukikije byoroheje nko mu biribwa no mu miti, amavuta yo kwisiga ajyanye n'ibiribwa yujuje ibisabwa ku isuku agomba gukoreshwa.
Koresha uburyo bukwiye bwo gusiga amavuta
Dukurikije imiterere, aho ushyira n'ibisabwa ku ikoreshwa ry'umuyoboro w'ingunguru, hitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gusiga amavuta, nko gukoresha intoki, koza, gutera imbunda y'amavuta, gusiga amavuta mu mazi, gusiga amavuta mu buryo bwikora, sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta mu buryo bwikora, nibindi. Menya neza ko amavuta ashobora gukwirakwizwa ku buso bwa buri mpande ebyiri z'umuyoboro w'ingunguru, cyane cyane mu gice cyo hagati y'agapira n'agapira, no hagati y'agapira n'agapira. Urugero, ku miyoboro y'ingunguru yihuta cyane kandi iremereye, gukoresha sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta mu buryo bwikora bishobora kugera ku gusiga amavuta neza, ku gihe kandi mu bwinshi, kunoza ingaruka zo gusiga no kwizerwa; mu gihe ku miyoboro y'ingunguru yihuta kandi yoroheje, gusiga amavuta mu buryo bwikora bishobora koroha kandi bihendutse.
Igenzura n'isukura buri gihe
Tegura gahunda ikwiye yo kugenzura no kubungabunga kugira ngo ugenzure buri gihe, usukure, ushyire amavuta kandi uhindure umuyoboro w'imashini. Ibikubiye mu igenzura birimo kwangirika, gucika intege, imikorere, n'uburyo umuyoboro n'agace by'umuyoboro w'imashini bihuzwa. Mu gihe cyo gusukura, hagomba gukoreshwa ibikoresho byo gusukura n'ibikoresho bikwiye kugira ngo hakurweho imyanda nk'umukungugu, amavuta, n'ibikoresho by'icyuma ku muyoboro w'imashini, ariko hagomba kwitonderwa kugira ngo hirindwe isuku ikabije ishobora gutuma amavuta atakaza. Mu gihe cyo gusiga amavuta, amavuta agomba kongerwamo hakurikijwe inshuro n'ingano byagenwe byo gusiga amavuta, kandi ubwiza n'isuku by'amavuta bigomba kugenzurwa. Muri icyo gihe, hakurikijwe ibisubizo by'igenzura, imbaraga z'umuyoboro zigomba guhindurwa mu gihe, kandi ibice byashaje cyane bigomba gusimburwa kugira ngo imiyoboro y'imashini ikomeze gukora neza kandi yongere igihe cyo kuyikoresha.
Kwandika no gusesengura amakuru yerekeye imicungire y'umutungo
Shyiraho inyandiko yo kubungabunga umuyoboro w'imashini, kandi wandike mu buryo burambuye uko ibintu byose bihagaze mu igenzura, isuku, amavuta, ihinduka, n'ibisimburwa by'ibice, harimo itariki, isaha, ubwoko bw'amavuta, ingano y'amavuta, ubusaza, gucika intege, n'andi makuru. Dusesenguye kandi dutanga imibare y'aya makuru, dushobora gusobanukirwa amategeko agenga imikorere n'uburyo umuyoboro w'imashini ugenda ushira, gusuzuma ingaruka z'amavuta n'imikorere y'ingamba zo kuyatunganya, no kunoza inshuro zo kuyashyiramo amavuta n'uburyo bwo kuyatunganya, no kunoza uburyo ibikoresho byizewe kandi bikoresha neza.

VIII. Incamake
Hari isano ya hafi hagati y’inshuro zo gusiga amavuta n’igihe cy’umunyururu w’uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho. Inshuro zo gusiga amavuta zikwiye zishobora kugabanya kwangirika kw’iminyururu y’ibikoresho, kugabanya ubukana bw’ubushyuhe, gukumira ingese n’ingufu, no kugabanya ingaruka mbi, bityo bikarushaho kongera igihe cyo gukora no kunoza imikorere n’ubwizigirwa bw’ibikoresho. Ariko, kumenya inshuro nziza zo gusiga amavuta bisaba gusuzuma ibintu byinshi, harimo aho bakorera n’imiterere y’akazi, ubwoko n’ubwiza bw’amavuta, imiterere n’ubuziranenge bw’iminyururu y’ibikoresho, no kubungabunga no kubungabunga ibikoresho.
Mu bikorwa bifatika, abakoresha bagomba guhindura inshuro zo gusiga amavuta no guhitamo amavuta akwiye n'uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta hashingiwe ku mikoreshereze yihariye y'umuyoboro w'ibyuma n'inama z'uruganda, hamwe n'ibisubizo byo kwitegereza no gukurikirana, no kongera uburyo bwo kubungabunga no gucunga ibikoresho buri munsi kugira ngo umuyoboro w'ibyuma uhore uri mu bihe byiza byo gusiga amavuta no gukora neza. Hakurikijwe uburyo bwiza n'inama zo kubungabunga, ubushobozi bw'imiyoboro y'ibyuma bushobora kongerwa, ikiguzi cyo gukoresha ibikoresho gishobora kugabanuka, umusaruro ushobora kunozwa, kandi icyifuzo cy'imikorere myiza kandi ihamye y'ibikoresho bya mekanike mu nganda gishobora kuzuzwa.
Twifuje ko iyi nkuru izafasha abaguzi mpuzamahanga bagurisha ibicuruzwa byinshi n'abakoresha bafitanye isano gusobanukirwa neza isano iri hagati y'inshuro zo gusiga amavuta ku mugozi n'ubuzima bwawo, kandi igatanga icyerekezo cy'ingirakamaro n'ubuyobozi mu guhitamo, gukoresha no kubungabunga imigozi. Mu gihe cyo gukoresha umugozi, niba uhuye n'ikibazo cyangwa ukeneye ubufasha bw'inyongera mu bya tekiniki, ni byiza kuvugana n'uruganda rukora umugozi cyangwa abatekinisiye b'inzobere ku gihe kugira ngo barebe ko ibikoresho bikora neza kandi neza kandi birambye kandi birusheho kugira ubuzima bwiza.