Ingaruka zo guhindura imiyoboro y'ibyuma ku buzima bw'iminyururu: isesengura ryimbitse n'ibisubizo

Ingaruka zo guhindura imiyoboro y'ibyuma ku buzima bw'iminyururu: isesengura ryimbitse n'ibisubizo

Mu gikorwa cyo gukora no gushyira mu bikorwaiminyururu y'ibizingo, guhindura imiyoboro yo gusudira ni ikintu kidashobora kwirengagizwa, kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw'imiyoboro yo gusudira. Iyi nkuru izasuzuma byimbitse uburyo ingaruka ziterwa n'ingaruka, ibintu bigira ingaruka ku ngaruka zijyanye n'ihinduka ry'imiyoboro yo gusudira ku buzima bw'imiyoboro yo gusudira, kugira ngo bifashe ibigo bireba n'ababikora gusobanukirwa neza no guhangana n'iki kibazo, kunoza ubwiza n'ubudahemuka bw'imiyoboro yo gusudira, no guhaza ibyifuzo by'abaguzi mpuzamahanga ku bucuruzi bw'imiyoboro yo gusudira ifite ubuziranenge.

1. Ihame ry'imikorere n'imiterere y'iminyururu izunguruka
Iminyururu y'imizingo ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibanze cya mekanike gikoreshwa cyane mu buryo bwo kohereza no gutwara ibintu. Igizwe ahanini n'ibice by'ibanze nk'amasahani y'imbere y'umunyururu, amasahani y'inyuma y'umunyururu, imisumari, amaboko n'imizingo. Mu gihe cyo kohereza ibintu, umunyururu w'imizingo wohereza imbaraga n'ingendo binyuze mu gupfunyika kw'amenyo n'imizingo. Imiterere y'umunyururu w'imizingo ituma ugira ubworoherane bwiza, ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo myinshi n'ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibintu, kandi ushobora gukora neza mu buryo buhamye mu bihe bitandukanye by'akazi bigoye.
Uruhare rw'iminyururu y'ibizingo mu gutwara ibintu mu buryo bwa mekanike ni ingenzi cyane. Ishobora gutuma ingufu zikwirakwizwa hagati y'imishumi itandukanye, kandi imashini igenzura imikorere isanzwe y'ibikoresho. Kuva ku minyururu yoroheje y'amagare kugeza kuri sisitemu yo gutwara ibintu ku mirongo ikomeye y'inganda, iminyururu y'ibizingo igira uruhare runini. Uburyo bwo gutwara ibintu bwayo ni bworoshye, bushobora kugabanya guhinda no guhindagurika kw'ibintu, kugabanya urusaku, no kunoza imikorere n'ubwirinzi bw'ibikoresho. Ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi by'ingenzi mu nganda zigezweho z'imashini.

2. Isesengura ry'impamvu zitera kwangirika kw'ingufu zo gusudira
(I) Ibipimo by'imikorere yo gusudira
Mu gikorwa cyo gukora iminyururu izunguruka, guhitamo ibipimo by'imikorere yo gusudira bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku guhinduka kw'ubushuhe. Urugero, umuriro mwinshi cyangwa udahagije wo gusudira bizatera ibibazo bitandukanye byo gusudira, ibyo bigatuma habaho guhinduka. Iyo umuriro wo gusudira ari munini cyane, uzatera ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'ubushuhe, uduce duto tw'ibikoresho by'icyuma, wongere ubukana n'ubukonje bw'agace kasukwamo n'ubushyuhe, ugabanya ubukana n'ubukomere bw'ibikoresho, kandi bitume byoroha gucikamo ibice no guhinduka mu gihe cyo kubikoresha nyuma. Niba umuriro wo gusudira ari muto cyane, arc izaba idahindagurika, ubushuhe ntibuzinjiramo bihagije, bigatuma ubushuhe budakomeye, kandi bishobora no gutera stress nyinshi mu gace kasukwamo no guhinduka.
Umuvuduko wo gusudira na wo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi. Iyo umuvuduko wo gusudira wihuta cyane, ubushyuhe bw'ubushuhe buzakwirakwira mu buryo bungana, ubushuhe buzamera nabi, kandi inenge nko kwinjira mu buryo butuzuye no gushyiramo ibisigazwa by'amazi bizaboneka byoroshye. Izi nenge zishobora kuba inkomoko y'ihindagurika ry'ubushuhe. Muri icyo gihe, umuvuduko wo gusudira wihuta cyane uzatuma ubushuhe bukonja vuba, byongera ubukana n'ubudahangarwa bw'ingingo zisunzwe, kandi bigabanya ubushobozi bwazo bwo kurwanya ubushuhe. Ahubwo, umuvuduko wo gusudira ugenda gahoro cyane uzatuma ubushuhe buguma ku bushyuhe bwinshi igihe kirekire, bigatera ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'ubushuhe, gukura kw'ibinyampeke, kwangirika kw'imikorere y'ibikoresho, no kwangirika kw'ubushuhe.
(II) Imikino
Imiterere n'imikoreshereze y'ibikoresho bigira uruhare runini mu kugenzura impinduka mu byuma byo gusudira. Ibikoresho bifatika bishobora gukosora neza uburyo bwo gusudira, gutanga urubuga rwo gusudira ruhamye, no kugabanya kwimuka no guhinduka mu gihe cyo gusudira. Iyo gukomera kw'ibikoresho bidahagije, ntibishobora kwihanganira neza imbaraga zo gusudira mu gihe cyo gusudira, kandi uburyo bwo gusudira bushobora kugenda no guhinduka. Urugero, mu gusudira iminyururu izunguruka, niba ibikoresho bidashoboye gushimangira neza ibice nk'udupira n'amaboko, ubushyuhe buturuka mu gihe cyo gusudira butuma ibyo bice byaguka kandi bigatandukana, bigatera kwimuka, kandi amaherezo bigatera guhinduka kw'uburyo bwo gusudira.
Byongeye kandi, uburyo icyuma gishyirwamo neza bizagira ingaruka ku ihinduka ry’ingufu zo gusudira. Niba igikoresho gishyirwamo kitari gikwiye, aho ibice bishyizwemo bizaba bitari byo, kandi isano iri hagati y’ibice bishyizwemo izahinduka mu gihe cyo gusudira, ibyo bigatuma habaho ihinduka ry’ingufu zo gusudira. Urugero, ibyuma by’imbere n’inyuma by’umunyururu w’umuzingo bigomba gushyirwa neza mu gihe cyo guteranya. Niba ikosa ry’aho ibikoresho bishyirwa ari rinini, aho gusudira hagati y’ibice bishyirwamo bizahinduka, bigatuma imiterere rusange nyuma yo gusudira ihinduka, bigahindura ikoreshwa risanzwe n’ubuzima bw’umunyururu w’umuzingo.
(III) Imiterere y'ibikoresho
Imiterere y'ubushyuhe n'imiterere y'ibikoresho bitandukanye biratandukanye cyane, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe. Ingano y'ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho ni yo igena urwego rw'ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe iyo bushyushye. Ibikoresho bifite ingano nini z'ubushyuhe bizatanga kwaguka cyane mu gihe cyo gushyushya ubushyuhe, kandi bikanagabanya cyane mu gihe cyo gukonjesha, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe. Urugero, bimwe mu bikoresho bifite imbaraga nyinshi, nubwo bifite imiterere myiza y'ubushyuhe, akenshi bigira ingano nyinshi z'ubushyuhe, zishobora kwaguka cyane mu gihe cyo gushyushya, bigatuma inzira yo gushyushya irushaho kugorana.
Uburyo ubushyuhe butwara ibikoresho nabwo ntibugomba kwirengagizwa. Ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe bwiza bishobora kwimura ubushyuhe vuba bivuye mu gice cyo gusudira bikajya mu gace kabikikije, bigatuma ubushyuhe bukwirakwira mu gice cyo gusudira bungana, bigagabanya ubushyuhe bwinshi mu gace no kugabanuka gukabije, bityo bigagabanya ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubushyuhe. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe buke bizashyira ubushyuhe mu gace kabyo, bigatuma ubushyuhe buzamuka, bigatera imbaraga nyinshi zo gusudira no guhindura ubushyuhe. Byongeye kandi, imiterere ya mekanike nk'imbaraga z'umusaruro n'uburyo bwo guhindagurika bw'ibikoresho nabyo bigira ingaruka ku myitwarire yabyo mu gihe cyo gusudira. Ibikoresho bifite imbaraga nke zo guhindura ubushyuhe bishobora guhinduka plastike iyo bihuye n'imbaraga zo gusudira, mu gihe ibikoresho bifite uburyo buto bwo guhindagurika bushobora guhinduka ubw'ubushyuhe. Ubu buryo bwo guhindura ubushyuhe bushobora kudasubizwa neza nyuma yo gusudira, bigatuma habaho guhinduka burundu mu buryo bwo gusudira.

3. Ingaruka zihariye zo guhindura imiyoboro y'amazi ku buzima bw'umunyururu uzunguruka
(I) Kwibanda ku muhangayiko
Guhindura ubushyuhe mu byuma bizatera ubwinshi bw'imitsi mu gace gasudira n'agace gafite ubushyuhe bw'umunyururu. Bitewe n'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje bidakwiranye bivuka mu gihe cyo gusudira, uduce duto tw'aho dusudira tuzatera ubwinshi bw'ubushyuhe n'imitsi. Iyi mitsi ikora ahantu hakomeye ho gusunikira imbere mu byuma, kandi ubwinshi bw'imitsi burushaho kuba bubi cyane aho gusunikira bisudira. Urugero, aho gusudira hagati y'agapira n'agapfunyika k'umunyururu, iyo habayeho guhindura ubushyuhe, ubwinshi bw'imitsi muri ako gace buziyongera cyane.
Kwiyongera kw'imihangayiko bizihutisha gutangiza no gukwirakwiza imivuniko y'umunaniro mu mugozi w'imizingo mu gihe cyo kuwukoresha. Iyo umugozi w'imizingo ushyizwe mu mitwaro isimburana, ibikoresho biri aho umuvuniko ugarukira bishobora kugera ku mupaka w'umunaniro kandi bigatera imivuniko mito. Iyi mivuniko ikomeza kwaguka bitewe n'imizigo igenda yiyongera, ibi bishobora gutuma imivuniko cyangwa imiyoboro icika, bigagabanya cyane igihe cy'akazi k'imigozi. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko iyo stress ikabije yiyongeraho inshuro 1, igihe cy'umunaniro gishobora kugabanukaho urugero cyangwa kirenzeho, ibi bikaba byabangamira cyane imikorere y'imigozi y'imizingo.
(ii) Gutakaza ubuziranenge bw'ibipimo
Guhindura ubushuhe bizahindura ingano y'umunyururu w'umuzunguruko, bigatuma utabasha kugera ku buziranenge busabwa n'igishushanyo. Iminyururu y'umuzunguruko ifite ibisabwa bikomeye byo kwihanganira ingano mu gihe cyo kuyikora, nk'umurambararo w'umuzunguruko, ubunini n'uburebure by'icyuma gifunganye, n'umurambararo w'umunyururu w'icyuma. Iyo guhindura ubushuhe birengeje urugero rwemewe rwo kwihanganira, hazabaho ibibazo mu gihe cyo guteranya no gukoresha umunyururu w'umuzunguruko.
Gutakaza ubuziranenge bw'ibipimo bizagira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umunyururu w'umuzunguruko n'umuzunguruko. Iyo umurambararo w'umuzunguruko w'umuzunguruko ubaye muto cyangwa icyuma gihinduka, umuzunguruko n'amenyo y'umuzunguruko ntibiba bifatanye neza, bigatuma ingaruka no guhindagurika byiyongera mu gihe cyo kohereza. Ibi ntibizakwihutisha gusa kwangirika k'umuzunguruko w'umuzunguruko ubwawo, ahubwo bizanangiza ibindi bice by'umuzunguruko nk'umuzunguruko, bigabanye imikorere n'ubuzima bwa sisitemu yose yo kohereza. Muri icyo gihe, guhindagurika kw'ibipimo bishobora gutuma umuzunguruko w'umuzunguruko ufata cyangwa ugasimbuka amenyo mu gihe cyo kohereza, bikongera kwangirika k'umuzunguruko w'umuzunguruko no kugabanya cyane igihe cyo kumara.
(III) Kugabanuka k'umunaniro
Guhinduka kw'ubushuhe bizahindura imiterere y'umunyururu w'urushundura, bityo bikagabanya imikorere yawo yo kunanirwa. Mu gihe cyo gusudira, bitewe no gushyushya mu bushyuhe bwinshi no gukonjesha vuba, ibikoresho by'icyuma biri mu gice cyo gusudira n'ahantu habangamiwe n'ubushyuhe bizahinduka nko gukura kw'ibinyampeke no kudahuza neza. Izi mpinduka mu miterere zizatuma imiterere y'ibikoresho igabanuka, nko gukomera ku buryo budahuje, kugabanuka kwa pulasitiki, no kugabanuka k'ubukomere.
Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'umunaniro bituma umugozi w'uruhererekane rw'imizigo urushaho kwibasirwa n'umunaniro iyo ushyizwe mu mitwaro isimburana. Mu ikoreshwa nyaryo, umugozi w'uruhererekane rw'imizigo uba uri mu mimerere yo guhagarara no guhinduranya umuvuduko kenshi, kandi uhura n'imihangayiko ikomeye yo gusimburana. Iyo umuvuduko w'umunaniro ugabanutse, umubare munini w'imivuduko mito ushobora kugaragara mu mugozi w'uruhererekane rw'imizigo mu ntangiriro yo gukoreshwa. Iyi mivuduko igenda yiyongera buhoro buhoro mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha nyuma, amaherezo bigatuma umugozi w'uruhererekane rw'imizigo ucika. Amakuru y'igerageza agaragaza ko umuvuduko w'umugozi w'imizigo wahinduweho ubushyuhe ushobora kugabanukaho 30% - 50%, ibi bikaba ari bibi cyane ku mikorere ihamye y'umugozi w'imizigo mu gihe kirekire.
(IV) Kugabanuka k'ubudahangarwa bwo kwangirika
Guhinduka kw'ubushuhe mu byuma bihindura imiterere y'ibikoresho mu gice cyo gusudira. Bitewe n'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bwo gusudira, imiterere y'ubuso bw'ibikoresho mu gace ko gusudira n'ahantu h'ubushyuhe bihinduka, kandi ogisijeni, ihinduka rya karuboni n'ibindi bintu bishobora kubaho, bikagabanya ubukana n'ubudahangarwa bw'ubuso bw'ibikoresho. Muri icyo gihe, ubwinshi bw'imihangayiko n'imiterere idahwitse biterwa no guhinduka kw'ubushuhe nabyo bizatuma umugozi wo gusudira usaza cyane mu gihe cyo kuwukoresha.
Urugero, mu gihe cyo gushyira meshi hagati y'umunyururu w'umuzingo n'umusego, iyo habayeho guhinduranya imiyoboro ku buso bw'umuzingo, uburyo umusego uhuza amenyo n'amenyo y'umuzingo uhura n'ubwo butaringaniye, kandi gushonga no kwangirika kwa plastiki bishobora kubaho mu gace gafite umusego mwinshi. Uko igihe cyo kuyikoresha cyiyongera, gushonga kwa meshingo bikomeza kwiyongera, bigatuma umusego w'umuzingo ugenda wiyongera, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku buryo umusego w'umuzingo n'umusego ugenda wiyongera, bigatuma habaho uruziga rubi, kandi amaherezo bigatuma ubuzima bw'umusego w'umuzingo bugabanuka bitewe no kwangirika gukabije.

4. Ingamba zo kugenzura no gukumira ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe mu byuma bisudira
(I) Kunoza ibipimo by'imikorere yo gusudira
Guhitamo neza ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusudira ni ingenzi mu kugenzura impinduka mu gusudira. Mu gusudira iminyururu y'imigozi, ibipimo nk'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, umuvuduko wo gusudira, voltage yo gusudira, nibindi bigomba gushyirwaho neza hakurikijwe ibintu nk'imiterere y'ibikoresho, ubunini n'imiterere y'ibice byasuwede. Binyuze mu bushakashatsi bwinshi bw'igerageza n'uburyo bwo gukora, urwego rwiza rw'ibipimo byo gusudira ku migozi y'imigozi ifite ibisobanuro bitandukanye rurashobora gusobanurwa muri make. Urugero, ku migozi mito y'imigozi, umuyoboro muto wo gusudira n'umuvuduko wihuta wo gusudira birakoreshwa kugira ngo bigabanye ubushyuhe bwo gusudira no kugabanya amahirwe yo guhinduka mu gusudira; mu gihe ku migozi minini y'imigozi, ni ngombwa kongera umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi no guhindura umuvuduko wo gusudira kugira ngo harebwe ko isudi injira kandi igire ubuziranenge, kandi hagafatwa ingamba zijyanye no kurwanya guhinduka.
Byongeye kandi, gukoresha uburyo bugezweho bwo gusudira n'ibikoresho bishobora gufasha mu kugenzura impinduka mu gusudira. Urugero, ikoranabuhanga ryo gusudira rigenzura ubugari bw'ingufu n'inshuro z'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi kugira ngo ubushyuhe bwakirwa n'ingufu mu gihe cyo gusudira burusheho kuba bumwe, bugabanye uburyo ubushyuhe bwinjira, bityo bugabanye ingaruka mbi mu gusudira. Muri icyo gihe, ibikoresho byo gusudira byikora bishobora kunoza uburyo bwo gusudira buhamye kandi buhamye, bigabanye impinduka mu miterere y'ibikoresho byo gusudira ziterwa n'ibintu bya muntu, birebe ko ubuziranenge bwabyo ari bwiza, bityo bigagenzura impinduka mu gusudira.
(II) Kunoza imiterere y'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho
Imiterere n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bigira uruhare runini mu gukumira kwangirika kw'ibikoreshwa mu gusudira. Mu gukora iminyururu y'ibizingo, ibikoresho bifite ubukana buhagije kandi bifite imiterere myiza bigomba gutegurwa hakurikijwe imiterere y'iminyururu y'ibizingo n'ibisabwa mu nzira yo gusudira. Urugero, koresha ibikoresho bifite ubukana bukomeye, nk'icyuma gishongeshejwe cyangwa icyuma gikomeye cyane, kandi wongere imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho binyuze mu miterere ikwiye, kugira ngo bibashe kurwanya neza imihangayiko iterwa no gusudira no gukumira kwangirika kw'ibizingo.
Muri icyo gihe, kunoza uburyo ibikoresho bishyirwamo neza ni uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kugenzura uburyo ibikoresho bishyirwamo bihinduka. Binyuze mu gushushanya no gukora ibikoresho bishyirwamo, nk'udupira two gushyiramo, ibyuma bishyirwamo, nibindi, menya neza ko aho ibikoresho bishyirwamo bishyirwamo neza mu gihe cyo guteranya no gusudira ari heza kandi nyabyo, kandi bigabanye uburyo ibikoresho bishyirwamo bihinduka bitewe n'amakosa yo gushyiramo. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byoroshye bishobora no gukoreshwa mu guhindura imiterere n'ingano bitandukanye by'ibikoresho bishyirwamo kugira ngo bihuze n'ibikenewe mu gusudira iminyururu y'ibizingo bitandukanye, no kunoza uburyo ibikoresho bishyirwamo bihinduka kandi bihuzwa.
(III) Guhitamo ibikoresho neza
Mu gukora iminyururu y'imizingo, guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye ni ishingiro ryo kugenzura impinduka mu bushyuhe. Ibikoresho bifite imiterere myiza y'ubushyuhe n'imiterere y'imashini bigomba gutoranywa hakurikijwe imiterere y'akazi n'ibisabwa mu mikorere y'umunyururu w'imizingo. Urugero, guhitamo ibikoresho bifite ingano nto y'ubushyuhe bishobora kugabanya impinduka mu bushyuhe mu gihe cyo gusudira; guhitamo ibikoresho bifite imikorere myiza y'ubushyuhe bituma ubushyuhe bwo gusudira bukwirakwira vuba kandi bugakwirakwira kimwe, bigagabanya uburemere n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe.
Byongeye kandi, ku bikoresho bimwe na bimwe bikomeye kandi bikomeye, imikorere yabyo yo gusudira igomba kwitabwaho byuzuye. Mu rwego rwo kuzuza ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa, gerageza guhitamo ibikoresho bifite imikorere myiza yo gusudira, cyangwa ukoreshe ibikoresho mbere yo kubikora, nko gukurura, kugira ngo wongere imikorere yabyo yo gusudira no kugabanya imiterere yo gusudira. Muri icyo gihe, binyuze mu guhuza neza imiterere y'ibikoresho no kunoza imiterere yabyo, kurwanya imiterere y'umunyururu n'imikorere y'umunyururu ushobora kunozwa, bityo wongere igihe cyo kuwukoresha.
(IV) Uburyo bwo kuvura nyuma yo gusudira
Uburyo bwo gutunganya nyuma yo gusudira ni ingenzi mu kugenzura imihindagurikire y’ubushyuhe. Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa mu gutunganya nyuma yo gusudira burimo gutunganya ubushyuhe no gukosora ibyuma.
Gutunganya ubushyuhe bishobora gukuraho ubushyuhe busigaye, kunoza imiterere y’ibikoresho byo gusudira, no kugabanya ubushyuhe bwo gusudira. Urugero, gukurura umuyoboro w’ibyuma bishobora kunoza ingano y’ibikoresho by’icyuma biri mu gice cyo gusudira n’aho ubushyuhe buhurira, kugabanya ubukana n’ubukonje, no kunoza ubuziranenge n’ubukomere, bityo bikagabanya ubushobozi bwo gukurura no guhindagurika kw’ibice. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gusaza bufasha kandi gushimangira ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho byo gusudira no kugabanya ubukonje mu gihe cyo kubikoresha nyuma.
Gukosora imashini bishobora gukosora mu buryo butaziguye imihindagurikire y’ubushyuhe. Gukoresha imbaraga zo hanze, ubushyuhe busubizwa ku ishusho n'ingano bisabwa n'igishushanyo. Ariko, gukosora imashini bigomba gukorwa nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe kugira ngo hirindwe ko imbaraga ziterwa mu gihe cyo gukosora zigira ingaruka mbi ku bushyuhe. Muri icyo gihe, ingano n'icyerekezo by'imbaraga zo gukosora bigomba kugenzurwa cyane mu gihe cyo gukosora imashini kugira ngo hirindwe gukosora cyane biganisha ku guhinduka gushya cyangwa kwangirika.

5. Isesengura ry'urubanza nyakuri
(I) Urugero rwa 1: Uruganda rukora iminyururu y'amapikipiki
Mu gihe cyo gukora, uruganda rukora iminyururu y'amapikipiki rwasanze hari iminyururu y'amapikipiki yacitse nyuma y'igihe runaka ikoreshwa. Nyuma yo gusesengura, byagaragaye ko ahanini byaterwaga n'ubwinshi bw'imihangayiko buterwa no guhindagurika kw'iminyururu, byatumye imiruho ​​itangira no kwaguka. Isosiyete yafashe ingamba zitandukanye zo kugenzura guhindagurika kw'iminyururu: icya mbere, ibipimo by'iminyururu byo gusudira byaranogejwe, kandi umuvuduko mwiza wo gusudira n'umuvuduko byagenwe binyuze mu igeragezwa risubiwemo; icya kabiri, imiterere y'iminyururu yaranogejwe, kandi ibikoresho byo gusudira bifite ubukana bwiza byakoreshejwe, kandi uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibintu neza bwaranogejwe; byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byo mu munyururu w'amapikipiki byaranogejwe, kandi ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe buke n'imikorere myiza yo gusudira byaratoranijwe; amaherezo, hongeweho uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira kugira ngo hakurweho guhangayika gusigaye kwa solder. Nyuma yo gushyira mu bikorwa izi ngamba zo kunoza, guhindagurika kw'iminyururu y'amapikipiki byaragenzuwe neza, ikibazo cyo gucika cyarazamutse cyane, ubuzima bw'ibicuruzwa bwongereweho hafi 40%, igipimo cy'ibirego by'abakiriya cyaragabanutse cyane, kandi umugabane w'isoko ry'isosiyete warushijeho kwaguka.
(II) Urubanza rwa 2: Umucuruzi w'uruhererekane rw'imizingo ku murongo w'inganda ukorwa n'imashini zikora ibintu mu buryo bwikora
Ubwo umucuruzi w’urunigi rw’imizingo (roller chain) ku murongo w’inganda ukora imashini zikora ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga (inganda automation) yahaga abakiriya imiyoboro y’imizingo, umukiriya yavuze ko uburyo umuyoboro w’imizingo umeze neza mu gihe cyo guteranya butujuje ibisabwa, bigatuma habaho ibibazo by’urusaku n’imitingito mu buryo bwo kohereza. Nyuma y’iperereza, byagaragaye ko ibi byatewe n’uburyo bwo gusudira burenze urugero rwemewe rwo kwihanganira. Mu gusubiza iki kibazo, umucuruzi yafashe ibisubizo bikurikira: ku ruhande rumwe, ibikoresho byo gusudira byaravuguruwe kandi birahindurwa, hashyirwaho uburyo bwo gusudira bugezweho kugira ngo burusheho gutuza no kunoza uburyo bwo gusudira; ku rundi ruhande, igenzura ry’ubuziranenge mu gihe cyo gusudira ryakomejwe, ibipimo byo gusudira n’uburyo bwo gusudira byakurikiranwe mu gihe nyacyo, kandi uburyo bwo gusudira bwakosowe mu gihe. Muri icyo gihe, hanatanzwe amahugurwa y’umwuga ku bakoresha kugira ngo barusheho kunoza ubuhanga bwabo bwo gusudira no kumenya ubuziranenge. Binyuze mu gushyira mu bikorwa ibi bipimo, uburyo umuyoboro w’imizingo umeze neza bwaragaragajwe neza, ikibazo cyo guteranya cyakemutse, kunyurwa kw’abakiriya kwarushijeho kunozwa cyane, kandi ubufatanye hagati y’impande zombi bwarushijeho kuba bwiza.

6. Incamake n'Icyerekezo
Ingaruka zo guhindura ubushyuhe mu byuma byo gusudira ku buzima bwaiminyururu y'ibizingoni ikibazo kigoye kandi cy'ingenzi, kijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusudira, ibikoresho, imiterere y'ibikoresho n'ibindi bintu. Mu gusobanukirwa neza impamvu n'ingaruka ku buryo bwo guhindura uburyo bwo gusudira, gufata ingamba zifatika nko kunoza ibipimo by'uburyo bwo gusudira, kunoza imiterere y'ibikoresho, guhitamo ibikoresho mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro no gukomeza uburyo bwo gusudira nyuma yo gusudira, ingaruka mbi zo guhindura uburyo bwo gusudira ku buzima bw'iminyururu ishobora kugabanuka cyane, ubwiza n'ubudahemuka bw'iminyururu ishobora kunozwa, kandi ibyo abaguzi mpuzamahanga bagurisha iminyururu myiza bashobora kubona bishobora kugerwaho.
Mu iterambere ry’ejo hazaza, hamwe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga mu gukora imashini, hamwe n’iterambere n’ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bishya, inzira yo gukora iminyururu izunguruka izakomeza guhanga udushya no kunoza. Urugero, ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gusudira nka laser welding na friction welding ryitezwe ko rizakoreshwa cyane mu gukora iminyururu izunguruka. Iri koranabuhanga rifite ibyiza byo gushyiramo ubushyuhe buke, umuvuduko wo gusudira vuba n’ubwiza bwo gusudira, bishobora kugabanya cyane impinduka mu gusudira no kunoza imikorere n’ubuzima bw’iminyururu izunguruka. Muri icyo gihe, binyuze mu gushyiraho uburyo bwuzuye bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge n’uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora, ubuziranenge bw’iminyururu izunguruka bushobora kwemezwa neza, ipiganwa ry’ibigo ku isoko mpuzamahanga rishobora kongerwa, kandi hagashyirwaho urufatiro rukomeye rw’iterambere rirambye kandi rirambye ry’inganda zizunguruka.