Uburyo bwo Guhitamo Iminyururu Migufi Ifite Ingufu zo Hagati

Uburyo bwo Guhitamo Iminyururu Migufi Ifite Ingufu zo Hagati

Uburyo bwo guhitamo umuyoboro mugufi wo hagati: Guhuza neza imiterere y'akazi no kugabanya ibyago nyuma yo kugurisha ku bacuruzi.Iminyururu migufi yo hagati ikora ku gitereko cy'imigozizikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bito byo kohereza ibicuruzwa, imiyoboro ikora mu buryo bwikora, n'imashini zikora neza bitewe nuko zishobora kwihuza n'ahantu hato kandi zigahita zisubiza vuba. Nk'umucuruzi mpuzamahanga, iyo utanga inama ku bakiriya ku bikoresho, ni ngombwa gusuzuma uburyo ibikoresho bihuye no kugabanya ibyago byo kugaruza ibicuruzwa, guhanahana ibicuruzwa, ndetse n'amakimbirane nyuma yo kugurisha aterwa no guhitamo nabi. Iyi ngingo isobanura neza uburyo bwo guhitamo ibikoresho by'imiyoboro migufi yo hagati mu buryo bufatika, ikagufasha guhuza vuba kandi neza n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye.

I. Ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi bisabwa kugira ngo usobanukirwe mbere yo guhitamo

Ingingo y'ingenzi yo guhitamo ni "guhindura igisubizo." Mu buryo bugufi bwo gucuranga hagati, umwanya w'ibikoresho uba muto kandi ibisabwa mu buryo bwo kohereza amakuru ni byinshi. Amakuru y'ingenzi akurikira agomba kubanza kumenyekana:
Ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere: Sobanura umutwaro nyakuri w'ibikoresho (harimo umutwaro ugenwe n'umutwaro w'ingaruka), umuvuduko w'imikorere (rpm), n'ubushyuhe bw'imikorere (-20℃ ~ 120℃ ni urugero rusanzwe; ibidukikije byihariye bigomba kugaragazwa).

Ibisobanuro ku mbogamizi zo mu mwanya: Pima intera y’aho ibikoresho bipimirwa bishyirwa n’umubare w’amenyo y’ibikoresho byo gupimisha kugira ngo wemeze umwanya wo gukamura umugozi (uburyo bwo gukamura umugozi ku ntera ngufi zo hagati akenshi ni ≤5% kugira ngo wirinde kunamuka cyane).

Ibisabwa ku bijyanye no guhuza ibidukikije: Tekereza ku kuba hari ivumbi, peteroli, ibintu byangiza (nk'ahantu hakorerwa imiti), cyangwa imiterere yihariye y'imikorere nko guhagarara vuba, cyangwa ingaruka ziturutse inyuma.

II. Uburyo 4 bw'ingenzi bwo guhitamo ibintu mu kwirinda neza ingaruka mbi

1. Nimero y'uruhererekane n'ingufu: "Ingano y'ingenzi" ku ntera ngufi yo hagati
Shyira imbere guhitamo hashingiwe ku ihame rya "pitch nto, imirongo myinshi": Iyo intera ngufi yo hagati, iminyururu mito y'ipitch (nka 06B, 08A) itanga ubworoherane bwinshi kandi ikagabanya ibyago byo gucika; iyo umutwaro udahagije, shyira imbere kongera umubare w'imirongo (aho kongera pitch) kugira ngo wirinde ingaruka nyinshi zo kohereza bitewe n'ipitch nini cyane.

Ingano y'umunyururu: Menya neza ko umunyururu uhuye neza n'umunyururu w'ibikoresho by'umukiriya. Mu gihe gito kiri hagati, ni byiza ko umubare w'amenyo y'umunyururu uba ≥17 kugira ngo ugabanye kwangirika kw'umunyururu n'amahirwe yo gusimbuka amenyo.

2. Guhitamo imiterere: Guhuza n'imiterere y'uburyo bwo kohereza ubutumwa bugufi hagati

Guhitamo ubwoko bw'imizingo: Imizingo ikomeye y'imizingo ikoreshwa muri rusange bitewe nuko idashira kandi ikaba ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo buhamye; imizingo y'imizingo idafite aho ihuriye niyo isabwa mu gihe cyo kohereza imizingo yihuta cyane cyangwa neza kugira ngo igabanye ingaruka mbi.

Uburyo bwo guhuza: Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibice bigufi hagati aho bifite umwanya muto wo kubishyiraho, ni byiza ko habaho uburyo bworoshye bwo kubikuraho; uburyo bwo guhuza ibice binini (cotter pin) bukoreshwa mu buryo bwo kohereza ibikoresho bikomeye cyangwa bihagaze kugira ngo hongerwe imbaraga zo guhuza ibikoresho.

Umubare w'Imirongo Ifatwa: Iminyururu y'umurongo umwe ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu muvuduko woroshye kandi muto (nk'ibikoresho bito byo gutwara ibintu); iminyururu y'umurongo ibiri/itatu ikoreshwa mu minyururu iri hagati cyangwa iremereye (nk'ibikoresho bito byo kohereza imashini), ariko hagomba kwitabwaho uburyo iminyururu y'umurongo myinshi ishyirwa ku murongo neza kugira ngo hirindwe umuvuduko utaringaniye.

3. Uburyo bwo gutunganya ibikoresho n'ubushyuhe: Guhuza n'ibisabwa ku bidukikije n'igihe cy'ubuzima

Ibidukikije Rusange: Iminyururu ikoze mu bikoresho bya 20MnSi iratoranywa, nyuma yo kuyitunganya no kuyizimya, ikagira ubukana bwa HRC58-62, ikuzuza ibisabwa mu nganda nyinshi kugira ngo idashira.

Ibidukikije byihariye: Ku bidukikije byangiza (nk'ahantu ho hanze n'ibikoresho bya chimique), icyuma kitagira umugese (304/316) ni cyo gisabwa; ku bidukikije bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi (>100℃), ibikoresho by'ubushyuhe bwinshi bigomba gutoranywa, hamwe n'amavuta akoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Ibisabwa Byongerewe: Ku bijyanye n'ibihe byo gutangira no guhagarika cyangwa ingaruka, hitamo iminyururu ifite imigozi ya fosfeti n'udukingirizo kugira ngo wongere imbaraga zo kunanirwa no kurwanya ingese.

4. Guhuza no Gushyiramo no Kubungabunga: Kugabanya Ikiguzi cyo Gukoresha Abakiriya

Kuzirikana amakosa yo gushyiraho: Intera ngufi yo hagati isaba ko ibintu bihinduka cyane mu gihe cyo gushyiraho. Iminyururu ifite uburyo bwo "gutera imbaraga mbere yo gushyiraho" irasabwa kugira ngo igabanye impinduka nyuma yo gushyiraho.

Gukoresha amavuta mu buryo busanzwe: Gukoresha amavuta mu buryo busanzwe bikoreshwa ahantu hafunze, naho amavuta mu buryo busanzwe. Iyo umuvuduko w'umunyururu uri hejuru kandi intera ngufi hagati, ni byiza gukoresha uduce twisiga kugira ngo tugabanye inshuro zo kwita ku bakiriya.

Igenzura ry'Ingufu zemewe: Ingufu zemewe z'umunyururu ufite intera ngufi yo hagati zizagabanuka uko umuvuduko wiyongera. Ni ngombwa kugenzura ingufu zemewe hakurikijwe imbonerahamwe y'uruganda “Intera yo Hagati – Umuvuduko – Ingufu zemewe” kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu biremereye bikoreshwa.

III. Amakosa atatu asanzwe akorwa n'abacuruzi mu guhitamo ibicuruzwa bagomba kwirinda

Ikosa rya 1: Gukurikirana mu buryo butari bwo "imbaraga nyinshi" no guhitamo iminyururu minini ifite umurongo umwe. Iminyururu minini ifite intera ngufi hagati ntabwo yoroshye kuyihindura kandi byoroshye gutuma iminyururu yangirika vuba, bityo bigatuma igihe cyo kuyikoresha kigabanuka.

Ikosa rya 2: Kwirengagiza guhuza ibidukikije no gukoresha iminyururu isanzwe mu bidukikije byangiza cyangwa bishyuha cyane. Ibi bituma umunyururu ucika vuba kandi ugacika, bigatera amakimbirane nyuma yo kugurisha.

Ikosa rya 3: Kwibanda gusa ku mubare w'umuyoboro utitaye ku buryo bunoze bwo gukora. Imiyoboro migufi yo hagati isaba ubuziranenge bw'umuyoboro munini. Ni byiza guhitamo imiyoboro yujuje ibisabwa na ISO 606 kugira ngo ugabanye guhindagura kwa transmission.

IV. Incamake y'Inzira yo Guhitamo Umunyururu w'Intera Ngufi yo Hagati

Gukusanya ibipimo by'imikorere y'umukiriya (umutwaro, umuvuduko, ubushyuhe, umwanya);
Mbere na mbere menya umubare w'uruhererekane ushingiye ku "sprocket ihuza imiterere y'umurongo + umubare w'imizigo ihuza imiterere";
Hitamo ibikoresho n'uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe hashingiwe ku bidukikije;
Kugena ubwoko bw'ingingo n'uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta hashingiwe ku mwanya wo kuyishyiraho n'ibisabwa mu kubungabunga;
Genzura ingufu zemewe kugira ngo urebe ko zihuye n'ibisabwa mu mikorere y'ibikoresho.