Amahame ngenderwaho yo guhitamo iminyururu izunguruka mu mihini y'ubuhinzi

Amahame ngenderwaho yo guhitamo iminyururu izunguruka mu mihini y'ubuhinzi

Nk'igice cy'ingenzi gihuza ihererekanya ry'amashanyarazi n'imikorere y'uruganda rutunganya umusaruro, guhitamo umunyururu w'urukiramende bigena mu buryo butaziguye imikorere y'ibikoresho, igipimo cyo gutsindwa, n'igihe serivisi imara. Ku bacuruzi bareba isoko mpuzamahanga, kumenya neza amahame ya siyansi yo guhitamo ntibituma gusa habaho guhuza neza ibyo abakiriya bakeneye ahubwo binagabanya ikiguzi nyuma yo kugurisha kandi byubaka izina ry'umwuga—cyane cyane mu bihe by'ingenzi by'umusaruro w'ubuhinzi aho "igihe ari cyo cy'ingenzi." Guhitamo rimwe ritari ryo bishobora gutuma umukiriya abona umusaruro wose, amaherezo bigira ingaruka ku kwizerana n'ubufatanye. Iyi nkuru izahera ku miterere y'imikorere y'uruganda rutunganya umusaruro, isesengura ingano y'ingenzi, intambwe zifatika, n'ibitekerezo bidasanzwe byaumunyururu w'ibizingoguhitamo, guha abacuruzi ubuyobozi bwa tekiniki bushoboka.

I. Ibipimo by'imikorere ya Core Harvester bigomba gusobanurwa mbere yo guhitamo

Imiterere y'ubuhinzi mu mishinga iragoye kandi irahindagurika. Ibihingwa bitandukanye (ingano, ibigori, umuceri), ubukana bw'imikorere (ahantu hakorerwa buri munsi kuri buri mashini), n'ikirere cy'akarere (imvura, ivumbi, ubushyuhe bwinshi) byose bigira ingaruka ku buryo bugaragara ku musaruro w'uruhererekane rw'ibizingo. Mbere yo guhitamo, ibipimo bitatu by'ingenzi bigomba kwemezwa n'umukiriya kugira ngo hirindwe "guhitamo hashingiwe ku bunararibonye."

Umutwaro Nyawe Utangwa: Ni ngombwa gutandukanya "umutwaro ugenwe" n' "umutwaro w'ingaruka." Mu gihe cyo gukora imashini isarura, ibintu nk'aho umutwe uhura n'ibintu bikomeye (amabuye, uduce tw'ibyatsi bibi) cyangwa umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukaza gufunga mu buryo butunguranye bishobora gutera ingaruka inshuro 2-3 z'umutwaro ugenwe. Kubwibyo, guhitamo icyitegererezo bigomba gushingira ku mutwaro w'ingaruka, ntabwo ari umutwaro ujyanye n'imbaraga zigenwe zavuzwe mu gitabo cy'ibikoresho gusa.

Umuvuduko wo Gukora kw'Umunyururu: Umuvuduko w'ibice bitandukanye uratandukanye cyane. Urugero, umunyururu w'umutwe w'umuvururu usanzwe ukora kuri 500-800 r/min, mu gihe umuvuduko w'umunyururu wa sisitemu yo gutwara ibintu uba 200-400 r/min. Umuvuduko mwinshi utuma umunyururu wihuta cyane ndetse ugasaza; bityo rero, iminyururu yoroheje kandi ikora neza cyane igomba gushyirwa imbere.

Ibiranga ibidukikije: Ibipimo bitatu by'ingenzi birarebwa: ivumbi (urugero, gusarura ingano mu turere twa ruguru), ubushuhe bwinshi (urugero, imirima y'umuceri mu turere twa ruguru), no kuba hari ibintu byangiza (urugero, amazi y'ibyatsi byasenyutse mu byuma bihuza ingano). Ibidukikije bikomeye bitera gukenera cyane ibikoresho by'uruhererekane, gutunganya ubuso, n'imiterere yarwo. II. Amahame ane y'ingenzi yo guhitamo iminyururu izunguruka ku basarura ubuhinzi

Hashingiwe ku bipimo by'imikorere byavuzwe haruguru, abacuruzi bashobora kugabanya buhoro buhoro urwego rw'amahitamo bakoresheje ibipimo bine bikurikira kugira ngo bamenye neza icyitegererezo cy'umunyururu ugororotse.

1. Guhuza Imitwaro: "Ikintu cy'Umutekano" nk'Ikimenyetso cy'Ishingiro

Umutwaro ni wo shingiro ry'ibanze mu guhitamo. Ikintu cy'umutekano kigomba kubarwa hakoreshejwe "umutwaro nyawo w'ingaruka ÷ umutwaro upima umugozi uhinduka" kugira ngo umugozi udacika mu gihe cy'imikorere ikabije.

Ihame ry'agaciro k'Umutekano: Ku basaruzi b'ingano/umuceri, ni ngombwa ko bashyiraho ≥1.8; ku basaruzi b'ibigori (bafite umutwaro mwinshi w'ibyatsi), ni ngombwa ko bashyiraho ≥2.2. Niba umukiriya akora cyane (urugero, amasaha arenga 12 yo gukora ku munsi), agomba kongerwaho 0.3-0.5.

Icyitonderwa: Irinde "guhitamo ibintu byinshi cyane" (ni ukuvuga ikintu cy'umutekano mwinshi cyane), bitabaye ibyo byongera uburemere bw'umunyururu n'ikiguzi, kandi bishobora no gutuma umunyururu n'umugozi bidakora neza, bigatuma umunyururu n'umugozi bidakora neza, bigatuma byangirika vuba.

2. Guhuza Umuvuduko: Ibisabwa mu bijyanye n'ubuziranenge bw'urunigi n'ibijyanye no gusiga amavuta

Umuvuduko ugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku bushyuhe bw'umunyururu n'uburyo ushira. Ingano y'umunyururu n'uburyo ushyiramo amavuta bigomba gutoranywa hashingiwe ku muvuduko.

Ingano y'ubuziranenge: Ku muvuduko wa > 600 r/min, shyira imbere iminyururu ya ISO 60 (ubuziranenge bwo hejuru) kugira ngo ugabanye guhindagura no gushyuha mu gihe cy'imikorere; ku muvuduko wa < 400 r/min, iminyururu ya ISO 80 (ubuziranenge busanzwe) ishobora gutoranywa kugira ngo ijyane ikiguzi n'imikorere.

Isano yo Gusiga: Iminyururu yihuta cyane ikenera amavuta arwanya kwangirika mu bushyuhe bwinshi (nk'amavuta ashingiye kuri lithium), kandi abakiriya bagomba kugirwa inama yo kugabanya igihe cyo gusiga amavuta (ni byiza kongeramo buri masaha 8) kugira ngo hirindwe "gushwanyagurika kw'umuvuduko" bitewe no kudasiga amavuta bihagije.

3. Guhuza ibidukikije: Guhitamo ibikoresho n'uburyo bwo kuvugurura ubuso
Ahantu hatandukanye ho gukorera hasaba guhitamo ibikoresho by’umunyururu n’uburyo bwo gutunganya ubuso, ibyo bikaba bigena neza ingese n’uburyo umunyururu urwanya ubwandu.

Ibidukikije byo Gukoreramo | Ibikoresho Bisabwa | Uburyo bwo Gutunganya Ubuso | Ibyiza by'ingenzi

Ibidukikije byumye kandi bifite ivumbi | 40MnB Alloy Structural Steel | Gukaraba no Kuzimya + Phosphating | Uburebure bwinshi bw'ubuso, burwanya ivumbi n'ingufu

Ubushuhe bwinshi, ibidukikije by'imvura | 304 Ibyuma bitazangiza (Umutwaro woroheje) | Uburyo bwo kuvura imvura | Gukingira ingese cyane, bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu mirima y'umurima

Umutwaro Uremereye + Ibidukikije byangiza | Icyuma cyubatswe na 20CrMnTi | Irangi rya galvanised + rifunze | Riringaniza imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa bw'ingufu, rikwiriye abasarura ibigori

4. Guhuza imiterere: Guhuza neza n'udupira tw'inyongera
Ibipimo by'imiterere y'umuyoboro w'amazi bigomba guhuzwa neza n'udusimba dusanzwe tw'icyuma gitunganya amazi; bitabaye ibyo, bizatuma habaho urusaku rudakora neza, cyangwa se rukameneka.

Ibipimo byo guhuza inkingi: Ingufu (igipimo cy'ingenzi cyane cy'umunyururu, kigomba kuba gihuye neza n'ingufu ya sprocket, hamwe n'ikosa rya ≤0.05mm), Umurambararo wa Roller (ugomba kuba uhuye n'ingano y'umuyoboro w'amenyo ya sprocket), Ubugari bwa Pitch y'imbere (kugira ngo wirinde ko umunyururu "unyura hagati" kuri sprocket). Ibisabwa byihariye mu miterere: Niba imashini itunganya umukiriya ari sisitemu yo kohereza umuvuduko mwinshi, umunyururu wa roller ufite plaque ziyobora ushobora kugirwa inama kugira ngo wirinde ko umunyururu wo ku ruhande uhinduka mu gihe cy'akazi. Niba ahantu hakorerwa hari imyanda myinshi, umunyururu wa roller ufunze (ufite impeta zo gufunga) ushobora gutoranywa kugira ngo ugabanye kwinjira kw'imyanda mu minyururu.

III. Uburyo bwo Guhitamo Abacuruzi: Intambwe 3: Kuva ku Itumanaho kugeza ku Kwemeza

Nyuma yo kumenya neza amahame ngenderwaho, ni ngombwa kuvugana n'umukiriya binyuze mu buryo busanzwe kugira ngo hamenyekane ukuri kw'amakuru yo guhitamo no kwirinda amakimbirane nyuma yo kugurisha nyuma.

Intambwe ya 1: Kubona ibisobanuro birambuye ku bikoresho by'umukiriya Saba ikirango cy'umusaruzi, icyitegererezo (urugero, John Deere S780, Kubota PRO988) n'ibice byihariye byo gukoresha (umutwe w'imashini, umuyoboro w'imodoka, sisitemu yo gukurura) ku mukiriya. Emeza ibisobanuro by'umwimerere by'umuyoboro w'ibikoresho ukoresheje igitabo cy'amabwiriza cyangwa amakuru y'uwabikoze nk'ishingiro ryo guhitamo.

Intambwe ya 2: Inyongera hamwe n'urutonde rw'ibibazo by'imikorere birambuye Koresha ibibazo byoroshye kugira ngo usobanure ibipimo by'ingenzi, nka: “Ni ibihe bihingwa umuhinzi wawe asarura cyane cyane?” “Ni angahe masaha y'akazi ya buri munsi kuri buri mashini?” “Ese umurima w'ubuhinzi w'aho ukorera ni umurima w'imboga cyangwa ubutaka bwumye?” Hindura ibikenewe bidasobanutse neza mo ibipimo bya tekiniki byihariye. Intambwe ya 3: Tanga ibisubizo byo guhitamo n'uburinzi ku byago. Ha abakiriya ibisubizo 1-2 bikwiye (urugero, igisubizo cy'ibanze + ubundi buryo buhendutse), bigaragaza neza ibihe n'ingamba zikwiye kuri buri gisubizo. Urugero: “Urunigi rwa 1 rukwiriye imirimo y'ibigori iremereye, ariko rusaba amavuta buri masaha 6; Igisubizo cya 2 gihendutseho 15%, ariko gisabwa gusa imirimo yoroheje y'ingano.”

IV. Ibitekerezo Bisanzwe Bitari byo ku Mahitamo: Ingaruka 3 Abacuruzi Bagomba Kwirinda

Igitekerezo cya 1: Kwibanda ku ibara gusa, ukirengagiza izindi parametero. Bamwe mu bacuruzi bizera ko "niba ibara rikwiye, rikoreshwa," ariko bakirengagiza guhuza umurambararo w'umuzingo n'ubugari bw'imbere bw'umurongo, bigatuma umugozi ucika mu gihe cy'ikoreshwa rya sprocket, kandi mu bihe bikomeye, kwangirika kwa sprocket. Abakiriya bagomba kwibutswa ko: umugozi "uhuye neza," kandi ibipimo byose by'imiterere bigomba kuba bihuye n'umugozi w'umwimerere.

Igitekerezo kibi cya 2: Gutanga inama ku buryo butari bwo "Iminyururu ihenze." Iminyururu ihenze cyane ishobora kudahaza ibyo abakiriya bakeneye. Urugero, gutanga inama ku minyururu y'ibyuma bitagira umugese ku mirima y'ingano yumye byongera ikiguzi cy'abakiriya, kandi ibyuma bitagira umugese ntibikomeye nk'ibyuma by'ubutare, bishobora gutuma igihe cyo kubaho kigabanuka. Igisubizo "kihendutse cyane" kigomba gutangwa hashingiwe ku miterere y'imikorere, ntabwo ari igisubizo "kihendutse cyane".

Igitekerezo cya 3: Kwirengagiza amabwiriza yo gushyiraho no kubungabunga. Niba aho umukiriya aherereye hadafite abakozi b’inzobere mu kubungabunga, hagomba kubazwa umuyoboro ufite "imiterere idasaba gusana" (nk'umuyoboro ufunze ufite impeta yo gufunga), kandi ibisabwa mu gusiga amavuta bigomba koroshywa. Niba ibikoresho by'umukiriya bifite umwanya muto wo gushyiraho, umuyoboro muto ugomba kwemezwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibikorwa byo gushyiraho binanirwa.