Ibisubizo byo Kohereza Umuyoboro wa Roller Chain mu mashini zipakira

Ibisubizo byo Kohereza Umuyoboro wa Roller Chain mu mashini zipakira

Mu iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda zipakira ku isi, imikorere y’imashini zipakira, ubuhanga bwo gukora neza cyane, n’ubushobozi buhoraho bwo gukora imashini zipakira byabaye ingenzi cyane ku bigo kugira ngo binoze umusaruro. Kuva ku kuzuza no gufunga ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa, kugeza ku gutanga neza imiti, kugeza ku gupakira amakarito no gupakira amapaleti mu nganda zikora ibikoresho, ubwoko bwose bw’imashini zipakira bukeneye uburyo bwizewe bwo kohereza amakuru nk’inkunga yazo y’ibanze y’ingufu.Iminyururu y'imizingo, bitewe n’imiterere yazo nto, ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo bwinshi, ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubutumwa bwinshi, no gukoresha neza, byabaye igice gikunzwe cyane mu gutanga serivisi zo kohereza ubutumwa mu mashini zipakira, bitanga garanti yo kohereza ubutumwa bw’amashanyarazi ihamye kandi inoze ku bigo bipakira ku isi yose.

I. Ibisabwa by'ingenzi ku mashini zipfunyika mu buryo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa
Imiterere y'imikorere y'imashini zipfunyika ni yo igena ibisabwa bikomeye kuri sisitemu zo kohereza. Ibi bisabwa ni nabyo shingiro ry'intangiriro yo gushushanya ibisubizo byo kohereza imiyoboro y'uruhererekane rw'imizingo:
Kohereza amakuru mu buryo bugezweho: Byaba ari uguhuza imashini zipakira ibintu byinshi cyangwa kugenzura ubushobozi mu gihe cyo gupima no kuzuza, sisitemu yo kohereza amakuru igomba kwemeza ko ihuza amakuru neza. Ikosa rigomba kugenzurwa mu rwego rwa mikorometero kugira ngo hirindwe inenge zo gupakira ziterwa no guhindagurika kw'ibyo kohereza amakuru.

Ifite icyizere cyo hejuru kandi iramba: Imiyoboro yo gupakira ikunze gukora amasaha 24 ku munsi. Sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa igomba kugira imiterere irinda umunaniro no kwangirika kugira ngo igabanye igihe cyo kudakora neza no kugabanya ibyago byo kubura umusaruro.

Guhuza n'imimerere itandukanye y'imikorere: Amazu yo gupakira ashobora guhura n'ibidukikije bigoye nko ku ivumbi, ihindagurika ry'ubushuhe, n'ibikoresho byangiza gato. Ibice byo kohereza ibicuruzwa bigomba kuba bifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibidukikije kandi bikaba bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa bitandukanye by'imikorere by'imashini zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi (urugero: imashini zipakira filime) cyangwa imashini zikora cyane (urugero: imashini nini zipakira amakarito).

Urusaku ruto n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nke: Bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'ibisabwa mu bijyanye n'ibidukikije n'aho bakorera mu nganda, sisitemu yo kohereza ikwirakwizwa ry'ingufu igomba kugabanya urusaku rw'imikorere mu gihe ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ikwirakwizwa ry'ingufu kugira ngo igabanye ikoreshwa ry'ingufu.

Imiterere mito no koroshya gushyiraho: Imashini zipfunyika zifite umwanya muto imbere; ibice byohereza bigomba kuba bito, biteguye neza, kandi byoroshye gushyiramo, gushyiramo no kubungabunga.

II. Ibyiza by'ingenzi by'iminyururu ikora ku mashini zipakira Impamvu iminyururu ikora ku mashini zipakira ari amahitamo meza yo kohereza imashini zipakira ni isano ya hafi n'imiterere yazo n'imikorere yazo, bihuye neza n'ibisabwa mu kohereza imashini zipakira:

Ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubutumwa neza kandi neza: Iminyururu itwara imizigo yohereza imbaraga binyuze mu guhuza iminyururu n'amenyo y'insinga, ikomeza kohereza ubutumwa neza kandi ikagabanya kunyerera. Ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubutumwa bugera kuri 95%-98%, butanga imbaraga n'ingendo neza, bujyanye neza n'ibisabwa mu mikorere ijyanye n'imashini zipakira.

Ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutwara imizigo no kurwanya umunaniro: Iminyururu ikozwe mu cyuma cy’ubutare cyiza kandi ikorerwa ubushyuhe buhanitse (nk’ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya ibikoresho hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya DIN na ASIN) ifite imbaraga nziza zo gukurura no kwihanganira umunaniro, ishobora kwihanganira ingaruka zikomeye zituruka ku mashini zipakira, cyane cyane zikoreshwa mu bintu bikomeye nko mu mashini zipakira amakarito n’imashini zipakira amapaleti.

Guhuza Ibidukikije mu buryo butangaje: Imiterere y’iminyururu ifunze igabanya ingaruka z’umukungugu n’imyanda ku ihererekanya ry’ibikoresho. Iminyururu ifunze mu byuma bitagira umwanda ishobora kwihanganira ibidukikije byangiza gato, ikubahiriza ibisabwa n’inganda nk’ibiribwa n’imiti, kandi ishobora gukora neza mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya -20°C na 120°C.

Imiterere mito no kuyitaho byoroshye: Iminyururu y'imizingo ni mito kandi yoroheje, bigatuma ihererekanya ry'imizingo myinshi rikorwa ahantu hafunganye. Gushyiraho no kuyikuraho biroroshye, kandi kuyitunganya buri munsi bisaba gusa gusiga amavuta buri gihe no kugabanya imbaraga, bigatuma ikiguzi cyo kuyitunganya kiba gito kandi kigahura n'ibyo amasosiyete acuruza ibintu akenera mu buryo bwiza cyane.

Akamaro gakomeye ko gukoresha neza ibiciro: Ugereranyije n'igiciro cyo hejuru cy'ibikoresho byo gutwara imizigo n'imiterere yo gusaza kw'ibikoresho byo gutwara imizigo, iminyururu ikora neza cyane mu gihe ikomeza gukora neza, bigatuma ikoreshwa neza cyane mu gutwara imizigo ikoreshwa mu gupakira imizigo kuva ku muvuduko uri hagati kugeza ku muvuduko muto, kandi ikoreshwa mu ntera nini yo hagati.

III. Ibitekerezo ku gishushanyo mbonera cya gahunda yo kohereza imiyoboro ya roller mu mashini zipakira. Ku bwoko butandukanye bw'imashini zipakira n'ibyo zikenera mu mikorere yazo, gahunda zo kohereza imiyoboro ya roller zigomba gutegurwa neza uhereye ku bipimo bikurikira kugira ngo sisitemu yo kohereza imiyoboro ikore neza:

1. Guhuza ibipimo byo kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwa siyansi
Guhitamo umuvuduko: Kumenya ingano y'umuvuduko ushingiye ku muvuduko w'imikorere n'umutwaro w'imashini zipakira. Ku mashini zipakira zihuta cyane kandi zoroheje (nk'imashini nto zipakira udupfukamunwa n'imashini zipakira udupfukamunwa mu maso), iminyururu migufi (nk'iminyururu migufi ya A-series) irasabwa. Iyi minyururu itanga umuvuduko muto, ihererekanya ryoroheje, kandi ijwi rigabanuka. Ku mashini ziremereye kandi zihuta cyane (nk'imashini nini zikora amakarito n'imashini zipakira amapaleti), iminyururu minini ya double-rows cyangwa multi-rows (nk'iminyururu ya 12B na 16A double-rows) irashobora gukoreshwa mu kongera ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo.

Igishushanyo cy’impinduka: Hashingiwe ku muvuduko wa moteri y’imashini zipakira n’umuvuduko w’igikoresho gikoresha amashanyarazi, umubare w’amenyo y’inkono n’imigozi bigomba gutegurwa mu buryo bunoze kugira ngo habeho igipimo cy’impinduka nyazo. Muri icyo gihe, kunoza imiterere y’amenyo y’inkono (nk’amenyo y’inyongera) bigabanya ingaruka hagati y’imigozi n’amenyo, bigagabanya urusaku n’ubusaza.

Guhindura intera yo hagati: Intera yo hagati y’imashini igomba gushyirwaho mu buryo bukwiye hakurikijwe imiterere y’imashini zipfunyika, bigaha umwanya ukwiye wo gukurura. Ku bikoresho bifite intera yo hagati idahinduka, guhindura uburebure bw’amapine cyangwa uburebure bw’umunyururu bishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo umunyururu ukomere kandi hirindwe gusimbuka amenyo mu gihe cyo kohereza amenyo.

2. Kunoza imiterere n'imiterere y'inyubako

Igisubizo cyo Gukwirakwiza Ibikoresho Bihuje Imirongo Minini: Ku mashini zipakiye ibikoresho byinshi (nk'ibikoresho byikora byinjiza ibirango), imiterere y'imiyoboro y'imigozi irashobora gukoreshwa. Ibikoresho byinshi bitwarwa n'imigozi binini bitwarwa n'imigozi mikuru kugira ngo habeho imikorere ihuje y'imigozi myinshi. Ibikoresho bikozwe neza n'imigozi bihuza neza bitanga imikorere ihuriweho kuri buri sitasiyo, binongera imikorere myiza yo gupakira.

Imiterere y'Igikoresho cyo Gutera Ingufu: Uburyo bwo gutera ingufu bwikora cyangwa intoki bwarakozwe. Ibikoresho byo gutera ingufu byikora (nk'ubwoko bwa spring cyangwa ubwoko burwanya uburemere) bishobora kwishyura uburebure bw'umunyururu mu gihe nyacyo, bigakomeza gutera ingufu zihoraho, cyane cyane zikoreshwa mu mashini zipakira zihuta cyane kandi zihoraho. Ibikoresho byo gutera ingufu bikoreshwa n'intoki bikwiriye ibikoresho bifite imiterere ihamye y'imikorere n'inshuro nke zo guhindura; byoroshye mu miterere kandi bihendutse.

Igishushanyo mbonera cyo kurinda no gufunga: Ibipfukisho birinda bishyirwa mu gice cyohereza iminyururu kugira ngo hirindwe ko ivumbi n'imyanda byinjira ku buso bw'iminyururu, ndetse bikabuza ababikora gukora ku bice bigenda, bikongera umutekano. Ku bidukikije bikonje cyangwa byangiza gato, imiterere yohereza iminyururu ifunze ishobora gukoreshwa, hamwe n'amavuta abuza ingese, kugira ngo yongere igihe cyo gukora cy'iminyururu.

3. Guhitamo ibikoresho n'uburyo bikorwamo

Guhitamo Ibikoresho: Ku mashini zisanzwe zo gupakira, iminyururu y'ibyuma bya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa mu buryo bwo hejuru ishobora gukoreshwa, hamwe no kuzimya no gushyushya kugira ngo yongere ubukana no kudashira. Ku nganda zifite isuku nyinshi, nk'ibiribwa n'imiti, iminyururu y'ibyuma bya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye ishobora gukoreshwa, itanga ubukana bwo kwangirika, yoroshye gusukura, kandi ikubahiriza amahame y'isuku mu nganda. Mu bushyuhe buke cyane (urugero, gupakira ibiryo byakonje) cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi (urugero, imashini zo gupakira zigabanya ubushyuhe), iminyururu yihariye y'iminyururu idashobora kwangirika igomba gutoranywa.

Gutunganya Imikorere: Uburyo bugezweho nko gukata neza, gusiga kaburimbo, no gusiga irangi ry'iminyururu kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo kugena neza imiterere y'iminyururu, kugabanya ubukana bw'imikurire mu gihe cyo kohereza no kugabanya ingufu n'urusaku. Urugero, guhuza neza imikurire n'amaboko byongera ubukana bwo kuzenguruka no kugabanya kwangirika.

IV. Ingero z'uburyo bwo kohereza imiyoboro y'urushundura ku bwoko butandukanye bw'imashini zipakira

1. Imashini ipakiramo filime yihuta cyane
Ibiranga imikorere: Umuvuduko wo hejuru mu mikorere (kugeza ku mapaki 300 ku munota), bisaba kohereza neza, urusaku ruto, no guhuza cyane, mu gihe birinda kunanura cyangwa gufunga neza.

Gahunda yo Gukwirakwiza: Gukoresha umuyoboro wa A-series short-pitch double-row-line wihuta cyane ufite pitch ya 12.7mm (08B), uhujwe n'udupira twa aluminiyumu twiza cyane, kugabanya umutwaro w'ibikoresho mu gihe binoza uburyo bwo gutwara; gukoresha igikoresho cyo gufunga gikoresha icyuma cyo mu bwoko bwa spring-type automatic tensioning kugira ngo gisubize uburebure bw'umuyoboro mu gihe nyacyo, kugira ngo ukomeze gukora neza mu gihe cy'umuvuduko mwinshi; hashyirwaho umuyoboro w'amavuta imbere mu gipfundikizo gikingira, hakoreshejwe amavuta yo kwisiga yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kugira ngo yuzuze ibisabwa mu isuku mu gihe bigabanya kwangirika.

2. Imashini ikora imishumi ikomeye mu ikarito
Imiterere y'imikorere: Umutwaro mwinshi (imbaraga zo gufunga zishobora kugera kuri 5000N), inshuro nyinshi zo gukora, kandi zigomba kwihanganira imitwaro y'ingaruka z'uruziga, bigatuma umugozi ukenera imbaraga nyinshi cyane zo gukomera no kudacika intege.

Gahunda yo kohereza: Ikoresha umugozi w’imirongo ibiri wa 16A ufite umuvuduko wa 25.4mm. Ubugari bw’umugozi buriyongera, bigatuma imbaraga zo gukurura zirenga 150kN. Utwo dupfunyika dukozwe mu cyuma cya 45#, gikomejwe kuri HRC45-50 kugira ngo kirusheho gukomera. Igikoresho cyo gukurura umugozi gifasha umugozi kudahungabana mu gihe amenyo yagonzwe cyane, bikarinda gucika kw'amenyo cyangwa kuvunika k'umugozi.

3. Imashini itunganya no gupakira imiti neza
Imiterere y'imikorere: Isaba uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru buri hejuru cyane (ikosa ryo gutanga amakuru ≤ ± 0.1g), ahantu heza ho gukorera hasukuye kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduzwa n'umukungugu, hamwe n'ingano nto y'ibikoresho.

Gahunda yo Gukwirakwiza: Iminyururu mito, ifite imiterere migufi (nk'umunyururu wa 06B ugororotse) iratoranywa, ifite uburebure bwa mm 9.525. Ibi bituma imiterere yayo iba nto kandi ikaba nke cyane. Ikozwe mu cyuma kitagira umugese gifite ubuso busesuye, byoroshye kuyisukura kandi irinda ingese. Iminyururu ikoresha uburyo bwo gusya neza, hamwe n'ikosa ry'umubare w'amenyo rigenzurwa muri mm ± 0.02, bigatuma uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amenyo bugenda neza. Iyo ihujwe n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga amavuta ridafite amavuta, birinda kwanduza amavuta mu gicuruzwa.

V. Inama zo kubungabunga no kunoza sisitemu zo gutwara imiyoboro ya roller chain

Kugira ngo wongere igihe cyo gukora sisitemu zo gupakira imizigo no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, hakenewe gushyiraho sisitemu ya siyansi yo kubungabunga:

Gusiga amavuta buri gihe no kuyabungabunga: Hitamo amavuta akwiye akurikije imiterere y'imikorere y'imashini zipfunyika (urugero, amavuta y'ubukonje akoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi, amavuta yo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu nganda z'ibiribwa), kandi wongereho cyangwa uyasimbuze buri gihe. Muri rusange, ibikoresho bihora bikoreshwa bigomba gusigwa amavuta buri masaha 500, n'ibikoresho bikomeye buri masaha 200, kugira ngo habeho amavuta ahagije ku buso bw'umunyururu n'imigozi kugira ngo bigabanye kwangirika no kwangirika.

Igenzura n'Ivugurura rihoraho: Reba uburyo umugozi w'amenyo uhagaze, ubusaza, n'uko amenyo y'amenyo ahagaze buri cyumweru. Hindura cyangwa usimbuze umugozi ako kanya niba uburebure bw'umugozi burenze 3% by'umuvuduko cyangwa ubusaza bw'amenyo y'amenyo burenze 0.5mm. Suzuma imiyoboro y'imigozi kugira ngo urebe niba hari aho ihindagurika, imigozi ifunguye, n'ibindi, kandi ukemure ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose vuba kugira ngo wirinde ko hagira ibindi byangirika.

Isuku n'Uburinzi: Sukura buri gihe ivumbi n'imyanda ku munyururu n'igipfundikizo cy'uburinzi, cyane cyane mu mapaki arimo ivumbi (urugero: gupakira ifu y'ibicuruzwa). Ongera inshuro zo gusukura kugira ngo wirinde ko imyanda yinjira ku buso buvanze n'amazi bigatuma ibora ku buryo budasanzwe. Irinde ko umunyururu wahura n'ibintu byangiza; nibibaho, sukura, wumishe, kandi uhite usiga amavuta ako kanya.

Kunoza Ibipimo by'Imikorere: Hindura umuvuduko w'imikorere ukurikije umutwaro nyawo w'imashini zipakira kugira ngo wirinde kurenza urugero rw'ibikoresho. Ku bikoresho bikoresha rimwe na rimwe, koresha uburyo bwo kugenzura igihe cyo gutangira no kuzimya kugira ngo ugabanye umutwaro w'ingaruka ku muyoboro kandi wongere igihe cyo kuwukoresha.

VI. Ibyerekezo by'ejo hazaza: Amabwiriza yo kuvugurura ibisubizo bya Roller Chain Drive

Uko imashini zipakira zigenda zitera imbere zigana ku buhanga, umuvuduko wo hejuru, no ku buryo bworoshye, ibisubizo byo gutwara imiyoboro ya roller chain nabyo birimo kuvugururwa no kuvugururwa buri gihe:

Udushya mu bikoresho: Gukoresha ibikoresho bishya nka fibre ya karuboni ikoreshwa mu gukora plastike ikomeye cyane kugira ngo hakorwe iminyururu yoroheje kandi ikomeye, kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu mu bikoresho mu gihe binongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese no kurwanya umunaniro.

Uburyo bwo Gukora Ibikoresho By'Ikoranabuhanga: Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu gukora ibikoresho nko gukata hakoreshejwe laser no gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo gukora neza no guhuza imiterere y'iminyururu izunguruka, bigabanya amakosa yo kohereza no guhuza n'ibisabwa mu buryo bwo hejuru mu mashini zipakira ibikoresho.

Igenzura ry’ubwenge: Gushyira sensor muri sisitemu yo gutwara umugozi w’uruhererekane kugira ngo ikurikirane ibipimo nk’umuvuduko w’umugozi, ubushyuhe, n’ihindagurika ryawo mu gihe nyacyo. Aya makuru ashyirwa muri sisitemu yo kugenzura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya IoT, bigatuma habaho kubungabunga mbere y’igihe, kuburira hakiri kare amakosa ashobora kubaho, no kugabanya igihe cyo kudakora.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy’icyatsi kibisi kandi kidahumanya ibidukikije: Guteza imbere iminyururu idafite amavuta cyangwa imara igihe kirekire ikoreshwa mu kugabanya ikoreshwa n’amazi y’amavuta akoreshwa mu kuvura, kugabanya ihumana ry’ibidukikije mu gihe byujuje ibisabwa mu nganda zikora ibiribwa n’imiti.

Mu gusoza, sisitemu zo gupakira ibyuma bifite umwanya udasanzwe mu nganda z’imashini zipakira ku isi kubera ibyiza byazo by’ingenzi byo kuba inyangamugayo, kwizerwa, gukora neza, no kwihutisha ibintu. Kuva ku mashini zipakira ibiribwa zihuta cyane kugeza ku bikoresho biremereye kandi bihamye byo gupakira, sisitemu yo gupakira ibyuma ifite imiterere myiza ishobora gutuma imashini zipakira ibyuma zikora neza, ikarushaho kunoza umusaruro n’ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa.