Amabwiriza yo kwirinda kohereza imiyoboro y'uruhererekane rw'imizingo

Amabwiriza yo kwirinda kohereza imiyoboro y'uruhererekane rw'imizingo

Mu rwego rwo kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwa mekanike,umunyururu w'ibizingoKohereza ubutumwa bikoreshwa cyane bitewe n’uko bikora neza kandi byizewe. Ariko, kugira ngo sisitemu yo kohereza ubutumwa ikoreshwe neza kandi yongere igihe cyo kuyikoresha, ingingo z’ingenzi zikurikira zigomba kwitabwaho.

1. Uburyo bwo kwirinda gushyiramo
(I) Igipimo cy'ihererekanya ry ...
Igipimo cyo kohereza ubutumwa mu muyoboro w'ingunguru ubusanzwe ni 7:1, kandi gishobora kugera kuri 10:1 ku muvuduko muto cyane. Inguni yo gupfunyika y'agace gato n'umuyoboro bigomba kuguma hejuru ya 120°, naho kohereza ubutumwa bwo guhagarara bigomba kugera hejuru ya 90°. Igipimo gikwiye cyo kohereza ubutumwa n'inguni yo gupfunyika bishobora kwemeza ko kohereza ubutumwa neza kandi ko ubuzima bw'umuyoboro burambye.
(II) Intera iri hagati y'imirongo
Intera yo hagati hagati y’udupira tubiri ni inshuro 30-50 z’umuvuduko w’umunyururu uzunguruka. Iyo umutwaro uhindutse cyane mu gihe cyo gutwara, intera yo hagati ishobora gushyirwa munsi y’inshuro 20. Intera ikwiye hagati y’imishumi ifasha kugabanya kwangirika no guhindagura kw’umunyururu.
(III) Umubare w'inkombe zidafite aho zibogamiye
Kohereza imiyoboro y'uruhererekane rw'imizingo ntibisaba kongerwa imbaraga mbere, ahubwo bigomba gushyirwa ku rugero runaka rwo kurekurana. Imiterere y'ingano y'imizigo igomba guhindurwa hakurikijwe imiterere yihariye y'akazi. Muri rusange, ingano y'imizigo ni hafi 4% by'uburebure. Mu gihe cyo kohereza imiyoboro ihagaze, intera nini hagati, umutwaro uremereye cyangwa gukora inyuma, ingano y'imizigo igomba kuba 2% by'uburebure.
(IV) Uburinganire n'ubutambitse bw'umugozi
Kuba sprocket ishyizwemo neza ni ingenzi ku buzima bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'imikorere isanzwe y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Koresha urwego rw'umwuka kugira ngo uhindure imiterere y'imirongo ibiri kugira ngo urebe ko iri mu ntera ya ± 1/300; koresha caliper kugira ngo uhindure imiterere y'imirongo ibiri kugira ngo urebe ko iri mu ntera ya ± 1/300. Ku ntera zitandukanye zo hagati, ibisabwa kugira ngo sprocket ihuze neza ni ibi bikurikira:
Intera yo hagati kugeza kuri 1m: ± 1mm
Intera yo hagati 1 ~ 10m: ± 1mm
Intera yo hagati iri hejuru ya metero 10: ± 10mm
(V) Imiterere y'ishyirwamo
Uko umurongo wo hagati w’aho ibice bibiri bihurira ugera ku ruhande rutambitse, niko ingaruka nziza zo kohereza kw’umunyururu uzunguruka. Mu kohereza kw’amashanyarazi uhagaze cyangwa uhagaze, ipine cyangwa tensioner bigomba gukoreshwa kugira ngo kohereza kw’amashanyarazi bishobore gukurwaho neza iyo umunyururu wagutse gato. Ingingo zikurikira nazo zigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo gushyiraho:
Iyo intera yo hagati ari ngufi, intera yo hagati ishobora kwaguka hakoreshejwe kwimura inkingi y'umugozi kugira ngo umugozi ukomeze gufungana gato.
Iyo intera yo hagati ari ndende, ipine idafite imbaraga ishobora kongerwamo ku ruhande rw'imbere rw'uruhande rurerure kugira ngo ishyigikire umunyururu w'umuzingo.
Ku minyururu ikora ku muvuduko mwinshi kandi ifite imitwaro itandukanye, gukoresha iminyururu iyobora inzira y'umuhanda bishobora kugabanya kuzungazunga neza.
Iyo transmission ihagaze, tensioner ishobora gushyirwaho kugira ngo ihindure umuvuduko w'umunyururu ku gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane neza ko sprocket n'umunyururu bifatanye neza.

2. Uburyo bwo kwirinda gusiga amavuta
(I) Akamaro ko gusiga amavuta
Gusiga amavuta bigira uruhare runini mu kohereza iminyururu. Gusiga amavuta neza bishobora kugabanya kwangirika k'umunyururu, kugabanya urusaku, no gukumira ingese, bityo bikongera igihe cy'akazi k'umunyururu. Gusiga amavuta nabi cyangwa kutari bikwiye bishobora gutera ibibazo nko kwangirika imburagihe no gucika k'umunyururu.
(II) Uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta
Bitewe n'aho ikoreshwa n'imiterere y'aho ikorera, hari uburyo bukurikira bwo gushyira amavuta ku minyururu izunguruka:
Gushyiramo lisansi n'intoki: bibereye sisitemu zo kohereza lisansi zihuta cyane kandi zoroheje. Shyira amavuta yo kwisiga hagati y'agapira n'agapfunyika k'umunyururu.
Gusiga amavuta mu bwogero: Umunyururu winjizwa mu kigega cy'amavuta, maze umunyururu ugashyirwamo amavuta binyuze mu kuzenguruka kw'amavuta. Birakwiriye uburyo bwo kohereza amavuta mu muvuduko uringaniye n'ubuciriritse.
Gusiga amavuta: Hashyirwa isahani yo gusiga amavuta mu gipfunyika, hanyuma amavuta yo gusiga agashyirwa ku mugozi unyuze mu isahani yo gusiga amavuta. Ikwiriye sisitemu zo kohereza amavuta zihuta cyane kandi ziciriritse.
Gukoresha amavuta ku ngufu: Amavuta yo gusiga ashyirwa mu bice bitandukanye by'urunigi hakoreshejwe ipompo y'amavuta. Akwiriye uburyo bwo kohereza amavuta bwihuta kandi buremereye.
(III) Guhitamo amavuta yo kwisiga
Amahitamo y'amavuta yo kwisiga agomba kugenwa hakurikijwe aho akorera n'ubushyuhe bw'urunigi. Muri rusange, ubushyuhe bw'amavuta yo kwisiga bugomba kuba buri ku rugero ruciriritse, bishobora gutuma amavuta akoreshwa neza adakingiye umuyoboro w'amavuta yo kwisiga bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ku bipimo bitandukanye by'ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bw'amavuta yo kwisiga busabwa ni ubu bukurikira:
-10℃～0℃: SAE10W
0℃～40℃: SAE20
Ubushyuhe bwa 40℃～50℃: SAE30
Ubushyuhe bwa 50℃～60℃: SAE40

3. Ingamba zo kubungabunga
(I) Igenzura rihoraho
Igenzura rihoraho ni igice cy'ingenzi mu kubungabunga imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi. Ibikubiye mu igenzura birimo:
Uburebure bw'umunyururu: pima uburebure bw'umunyururu. Iyo uburebure bugeze kuri 1.5% by'uburebure bw'umunyururu, tekereza gusimbuza umunyururu.
Kwangirika kw'amenyo y'amenyo: reba niba yangiritse cyane. Niba yangiritse cyane, simbura amenyo y'amenyo ku gihe.
Gusiga amavuta: genzura ingano n'ubwiza bw'amavuta yo gusiga kugira ngo urebe neza ko amavuta yo gusiga ahagije kandi asa neza.
Ubufatanye bw'umunyururu: reba niba ubufatanye bw'umunyururu bukwiye hanyuma ubwunganire nibiba ngombwa.
(II) Gusukura no gusiga amavuta
Sukura umunyururu n'agahu buri gihe kugira ngo ukureho ivumbi, imyanda n'ibizinga by'amavuta ku buso. Nyuma yo gusukura, shyira amavuta yo kwisiga ku gihe kugira ngo urebe neza ko ibice byose by'umunyururu byasizwe amavuta yuzuye.
(III) Simbuza ibice byashaje
Iyo umugozi cyangwa sprocket byangiritse cyane, bigomba gusimburwa ku gihe. Mu gihe usimbuza, hitamo ibikoresho bifite icyitegererezo kimwe n'ibipimo bya chain cyangwa sprocket y'umwimerere kugira ngo urebe ko sisitemu yo kohereza ikora neza.

4. Ingamba zo kwirinda gukemuka
(I) Amakosa n'impamvu bisanzwe
Kuvunika k'umunyururu: Bishobora guterwa no gucucuma k'umunyururu, umunaniro ukabije cyangwa amavuta adahagije. Igisubizo ni ugusimbuza umunyururu no kugenzura uburyo bwo gucucuma.
Uburebure bw'umunyururu: Biterwa ahanini no kwangirika k'umunyururu. Iyo uburebure bw'umunyururu bugeze ku rugero runaka, umunyururu ugomba gusimburwa.
Kwangirika kwa sprocket: Bishobora guterwa no kutagira amavuta ahagije cyangwa kudahuza neza hagati y'umunyururu n' sprocket. Igisubizo ni ugusimbuza sprocket no kugenzura uburyo bwo kuyisiga.
Gutigita kw'umunyururu: Bishobora guterwa no gufungana nabi kw'umunyururu, amavuta adahagije cyangwa gushyiraho neza umunyururu. Igisubizo ni uguhindura uburyo umunyururu ufunganye, kugenzura uburyo umunyururu ufunganye n'uko umunyururu uhagaze.
(II) Uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo
Gucika k'umunyururu: Simbuza umunyururu hanyuma urebe uburyo bwo gushyira amavuta mu cyuma.
Ubugari bw'umunyururu: Simbuza umunyururu.
Kwangirika kwa sprocket: Simbuza sprocket hanyuma urebe uburyo bwo gushyira amavuta mu gikoresho.
Gutigisa umunyururu: Hindura uburyo umunyururu ufatana, reba uburyo bwo gushyiramo amavuta n'uko umunyururu uhagaze.

5. Amabwiriza yo kwirinda ku buzima bw'akazi
(I) Gusuzuma ubuzima bw'umurimo
Ubusanzwe igihe iminyururu ikora gipimwa n'uburebure bw'umunyururu. Iyo uburebure bw'umunyururu bugeze kuri 1.5% by'uburebure bwawo, umunyururu ugomba gusimburwa. Byongeye kandi, ubusaza, amavuta n'ubusaza bw'umunyururu n'agace k'umunyururu bigomba kugenzurwa buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe imikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu yo kohereza ubutumwa.
(II) Uburyo bwo kongera igihe cyo gukora
Gushyiraho neza: Shyiramo hakurikijwe ibisabwa kugira ngo umunyururu n'umugozi bifatanye neza.
Amavuta meza: Reba kandi usimbuze amavuta yo kwisiga buri gihe kugira ngo urebe neza ko ibice byose by'urunigi byasizwe amavuta yuzuye.
Igenzura rihoraho: Reba buri gihe uko umugozi wangiritse, ufashe neza kandi ukoresha amavuta kugira ngo umenye kandi ukemure ibibazo ku gihe.
Irinde kurenza urugero: Irinde gukoresha umugozi uremereye cyane kugira ngo ugabanye kwangirika no kunanirwa kw'umugozi.

6. Amabwiriza yo kwirinda guhitamo
(I) Amahame ngenderwaho yo guhitamo
Mu guhitamo umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, guhitamo bigomba gushingira ku bintu nk'umutwaro, umuvuduko, n'aho sisitemu yo kohereza ikora. Ingingo zikurikira zigomba kwitabwaho mu guhitamo:
Imbaraga z'umunyururu: Hitamo umunyururu ufite imbaraga zikwiye ukurikije umutwaro wa sisitemu yo kohereza.
Umuvuduko w'umunyururu: Hitamo umunyururu ufite umuvuduko ukwiye ukurikije umuvuduko wa sisitemu yo kohereza ubutumwa.
Uburyo umugozi ushyirwamo: Hitamo uburyo umugozi ushyirwamo ukurikije umubare w'amenyo n'intera yo hagati y'umugozi.
Umubare w'imirongo y'urunigi: Hitamo umubare ukwiye w'imirongo y'urunigi hakurikijwe umutwaro n'umwanya bisabwa na sisitemu yo kohereza.
(II) Kubara amahitamo
Ibarura ry'amahitamo rikubiyemo intambwe zikurikira:
Kubara umuvuduko w'umunyururu: Kubara umuvuduko w'umunyururu ukurikije umutwaro n'umuvuduko wa sisitemu yo kohereza.
Kubara umuvuduko wakosowe w'umunyururu: Kosora umuvuduko w'umunyururu ukurikije ikoreshwa n'umuvuduko.
Kubara umuvuduko wo kwihutisha no kugabanya umuvuduko w'umunyururu: Kubara umuvuduko wo kwihutisha no kugabanya umuvuduko w'umunyururu ukurikije ibisabwa na sisitemu yo kohereza ubutumwa.
Kubara umuvuduko w'umunyururu: Kubara umuvuduko w'umunyururu ukurikije ibisabwa na sisitemu yo kohereza ubutumwa.
Hitamo icyitegererezo cy'urunigi gikwiye: Hitamo icyitegererezo cy'urunigi gikwiye ukurikije ibisubizo by'ibarura.