I. Urwego Mpuzamahanga rw'ingenzi rw'iminyururu y'isuku
Ibisabwa ku isuku ku miyoboro y'ibirahure mu mashini zitunganya ibiribwa ntabwo byashyizwe mu buryo bwihariye ahubwo bikubiye muri sisitemu y’umutekano w’ibiribwa ku isi yose, cyane cyane ikurikiza amahame atatu:
* **Icyemezo cy’ibikoresho bihuza ibiribwa:** FDA 21 CFR §177.2600 (USA), EU 10/2011 (EU), na NSF/ANSI 51 bivuga neza ko ibikoresho by’urunigi bigomba kuba bidafite uburozi, bidafite impumuro, kandi bifite urwego rwo kwimuka kw’ibyuma biremereye ≤0.01mg/dm² (byujuje ikizamini cya ISO 6486);
* **Amahame ngenderwaho yo gushushanya isuku y'imashini:** Icyemezo cya EHEDG Type EL Class I gisaba ko ibikoresho bitagira ahantu hadasukuye, mu gihe EN 1672-2:2020 igena isuku ihuye n'amahame agenga ikoreshwa ry'imashini zitunganya ibiribwa;
* **Ibisabwa byihariye mu ikoreshwa:** Urugero, inganda z’amata zigomba kuzuza ibisabwa mu kurwanya ingese mu bidukikije birimo ubushuhe bwinshi n’ibintu byangiza, naho ibikoresho byo gutekesha bigomba kwihanganira ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe kuva kuri -30°C kugeza kuri 120°C.
II. Isuku n'umutekano by'ibanze mu guhitamo ibikoresho
1. Ibikoresho by'icyuma: Ingano yo kurwanya ingese no kutangiza uburozi
Shyira imbere icyuma cya 316L cya austenitic stainless steel, gitanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese ku kigero kirenga 30% kurusha icyuma cya 304 cya stainless steel mu bidukikije birimo chlorine (nk'isukura amazi y'umunyu), wirinde kwanduzwa n'ibiribwa guterwa n'ingese z'icyuma.
Irinde gukoresha icyuma gisanzwe cya karuboni cyangwa alloys zitemewe, kuko ibi bikoresho byoroshye kuva muri iyoni zikomeye kandi ntibirwanya isuku ya aside cyangwa alkaline ikoreshwa mu gutunganya ibiribwa (nk'urugero: 1-2% NaOH, 0.5-1% HNO₃).
2. Ibice bitari iby'icyuma: Gukurikiza amategeko no kwemeza ni ingenzi
Imigozi, amaboko, n'ibindi bikoresho bishobora gukoresha ibikoresho bya UHMW-PE byemejwe na FDA, bifite ubuso bworoshye kandi bunini, bidafatana byoroshye n'isukari, amavuta, cyangwa ibindi bisigazwa, kandi birwanya gukaraba hakoreshejwe umuvuduko mwinshi no kwangirika kw'imiti yica udukoko.
Ibice bya pulasitiki bigomba kuzuza amabwiriza y’ubururu cyangwa umweru byihariye ku nganda z’ibiribwa kugira ngo hirindwe ibyago byo kwimuka kw’ibara (urugero, ibice bya pulasitiki bya igus TH3 series sanitary chains).
III. Amahame yo kunoza isuku mu miterere y'inyubako
Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi riri hagati y'iminyururu isuku n'iminyururu isanzwe y'inganda riri mu "gishushanyo cyayo cy'inguni idapfa," cyane cyane isaba ibi bikurikira:
Ibisabwa ku buso n'imfuruka:
Gutunganya indorerwamo hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe bwa Ra≤0.8μm kugira ngo bigabanye gufatana kwa mikorobe;
Imirasire yose y'imbere y'imfuruka ≥6.5mm, ikuraho inguni zityaye n'aho ziherereye. Inyigo y'ibikoresho byo gutunganya inyama igaragaza ko kunoza uburebure bw'imbere bw'imfuruka kuva kuri mm 3 kugeza kuri mm 8 byagabanyije umuvuduko wo gukura kwa mikorobe ku kigero cya 72%;
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gusenya no gushushanya imiyoboro y'amazi:
Imiterere y'imashini ifasha mu gusenya no guteranya byihuse (gusenya neza no guteranya igihe ≤iminota 10) kugira ngo byoroshye gusukura cyane;
Imiyoboro y'amazi igomba kubikwa mu myobo y'umuyoboro kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi yasigara nyuma yo kozwa. Imiterere y'umuyoboro w'amazi ufunguye ishobora kongera imikorere myiza ya CIP (isukuye ahantu hose) ku kigero cya 60%;
Uburinzi bwo Gufunga Buvuguruye:
Ibice by'imodoka bifata ishusho y'urukiramende n'iminwa ibiri, bikagira IP69K idapfa amazi ifite ubugari bwa ≥0.5mm. Uduce duto n'ibinyobwa bigomba kubuzwa kwinjira; ibyuma byagaragaye birabujijwe kugira ngo hirindwe ko icyuho cy'imigozi gisukura ahantu hadasobanutse.
IV. Uburyo bwo kubahiriza amategeko mu isuku no gusiga amavuta
1. Ibisabwa mu isuku bihuye n'ibisabwa
Ihangana n'ibikorwa byo gusukura CIP ifite ubushyuhe bwa 80-85℃ n'umuvuduko wa 1.5-2.0 bar, ikuraho ibisigazwa birenga 99% mu minota 5; Ikorana n'ibintu bisukura nk'ibinyabutabire nka ethanol na acetone, ndetse n'imiti yica udukoko yo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu biribwa, nta gusiga irangi cyangwa gusaza kw'ibintu.
2. Amahame ngenderwaho y'isuku ku buryo bwo gusiga amavuta
Amavuta yo mu rwego rwa NSF H1 agomba gukoreshwa, cyangwa hagakoreshwa icyuma cyishyiraho amavuta (nk'amapine yishyiraho amavuta akozwe mu bikoresho bya UHMW-PE) kugira ngo hakurweho ibyago byo kwanduza ibiryo; Gushyiramo amavuta atari ay'ibiryo mu gihe cy'imiyoboro y'amazi birabujijwe, kandi ibisigazwa by'amavuta ashaje bigomba gukurwaho neza mu gihe cyo kuyatunganya kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduzwa.
V. Amabwiriza yo Guhitamo no Kubungabunga
1. Ihame ryo Guhitamo rishingiye ku Miterere
2. Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kubungabunga
* Isuku ya buri munsi: Nyuma yo gukora, kuraho ibisigazwa mu myobo y'ibice by'iminyururu n'ahantu hazunguruka. Karaba hakoreshejwe umuvuduko mwinshi hanyuma wumishe neza kugira ngo wirinde ko udukoko twangirika cyangwa kororoka.
* Igenzura rihoraho: Simbuza umugozi ako kanya iyo uburebure bwawo burenze 3% by'uburebure bwemewe. Reba icyarimwe uburyo amenyo yangiritse kugira ngo wirinde ko ibice bishaje n'ibishya byangirika vuba hamwe.
* Kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko: Gutsinda ikizamini cya ATP cy’ibinyabuzima bitanga urumuri (agaciro ka RLU ≤30) n’ikizamini cy’imikorobe (ibisigaye ≤10 CFU/cm²) kugira ngo harebwe ko amahame y’isuku yubahirizwa.
Umwanzuro: Agaciro k'ingenzi k'iminyururu isukuye
Isuku n'umutekano w'imashini zitunganya ibiribwa ni umushinga ukorwa mu buryo buhamye. Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cyo kohereza ibiribwa, kubahiriza iminyururu izunguruka bigena neza umutekano w'ibikomoka ku biribwa bya nyuma. Gukurikiza amahame mpuzamahanga mu guhitamo ibikoresho, imiterere y'imiterere idahindagurika, no kubungabunga ibikenewe ntibigabanya gusa ibyago byo kwandura ahubwo binatuma habaho kunoza kabiri umutekano w'ibiribwa no kunoza umusaruro binyuze mu kugabanya igihe cyo gukora isuku no kongera igihe cyo kubikoresha. Guhitamo iminyururu isuku yemewe na EHEDG na FDA mu by'ukuri byubaka imbogamizi ya mbere kandi y'ingenzi ku bigo bitunganya ibiribwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-21-2025