Ni gute wakongera ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru mu minyururu izunguruka?

Ni gute wakongera ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru mu minyururu izunguruka?
Nk'igikoresho gikoreshwa cyane mu kohereza ingufu, imikorere myiza y'iminyururu izunguruka igira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu z'ibikoresho bya mekanike. Kunoza imikorere myiza y'iminyururu izunguruka ntibishobora kongera umusaruro gusa, ahubwo binagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga. Ubu buryo bukurikira ni bumwe mu buryo bwiza bwo kunoza imikorere myiza y'iminyururu izunguruka:

1. Kunoza imiterere y'uruhererekane
(I) Kunoza imiterere y'uruhererekane
Kunoza imiterere y'iminyururu y'urushundura bishobora kunoza cyane imikorere yayo yo kohereza. Urugero, hakoreshejwe iminyururu y'urushundura ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi ikora neza, ubu bwoko bw'umunyururu bufite imikorere myiza yo kohereza, urusaku ruto kandi bumara igihe kirekire bitewe n'ibyiza by'ibikoresho n'imikorere yo gukora. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo n'imikorere myiza yo kohereza imizigo bishobora kunozwa binyuze mu kongera umubare w'iminyururu, ariko bikwiye kumenyekana ko kwiyongera k'umubare w'iminyururu nabyo byongera uburemere n'ingano y'umunyururu, bityo rero ni ngombwa gufata icyemezo gikwiye hakurikijwe ibisabwa by'ikoreshwa.

(II) Gutunganya imiterere y'amenyo ya sprocket
Imiterere y'amenyo ya sprocket ifite ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo iminyururu ikora neza. Gukoresha neza imiterere y'amenyo ya sprocket bishobora kugabanya gukururana n'ingaruka hagati y'umunyururu n'umunyururu, bityo bikanoza uburyo bwo kohereza. Urugero, sprocket ifite imiterere y'amenyo ya involute ishobora guhuza neza n'umunyururu kandi ikagabanya neza igihombo cy'ingufu mu gihe cyo kohereza. Byongeye kandi, imiterere y'amenyo ya sprocket ishobora kunozwa neza binyuze mu gushushanya hifashishijwe mudasobwa no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kwigana kugira ngo haboneke ingaruka nziza zo kohereza.

II. Guhitamo ibikoresho neza

(I) Hitamo ibikoresho bikomeye cyane

Imbaraga z'ibikoresho by'umunyururu uzunguruka zigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bushobozi bwawo bwo gutwara imizigo no ku buryo bwo kohereza imizigo. Guhitamo ibikoresho bikomeye, nk'icyuma cya alloy cyangwa plastiki ikomeye cyane, bishobora kongera imbaraga zo gukurura no kudashira kw'umunyururu, ku buryo ushobora gukomeza gukoresha neza umunyururu mu gihe ufite imizigo myinshi. Muri icyo gihe, ibikoresho bikomeye bishobora kandi kugabanya ingano n'uburemere bw'umunyururu, kugabanya ubukana bw'uburyo bwo kohereza imizigo, no kunoza imikorere myiza y'uburyo bwo kohereza imizigo.

(II) Koresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya ubuso

Gutunganya umuyoboro w’amazi ugenda unyura hejuru, nko gushyiramo chrome, gushyiramo nickel cyangwa gushyiramo carburizing, bishobora kunoza cyane uburyo bwo kudashira no kudashira. Ubu buryo bwo gutunganya umuyoboro bushobora gukora urwego rukomeye rwo kurinda, kugabanya ubukana hagati y’umuyoboro n’umuyoboro, kugabanya umuvuduko wo kwangirika, bityo bikanoza imikorere myiza y’umuyoboro n’igihe cy’akazi k’umuyoboro.

3. Kongera imbaraga mu gucunga amavuta yo kwisiga
(I) Hitamo amavuta akwiye yo kwisiga
Guhitamo amavuta yo kwisiga ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo umuyoboro w’amazi ugende neza. Amavuta afite ubushobozi bwo gufata neza, amavuta yo kwisiga n’uturemangingo, nk’amavuta y’ubukorikori cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga akoreshwa mu buryo bwa semi-fluid, agomba gutoranywa. Ayo mavuta ashobora gukora agace k’amavuta gahamye hagati y’umuyoboro n’agace k’amazi, bigabanye neza kwangirika no kwangirika no kunoza imikorere y’amavuta yo kwisiga. Muri icyo gihe, amavuta agomba kandi kugira ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushyuhe buri hejuru n’ubuke kugira ngo ahuze n’ahantu hatandukanye ho gukorera.

(II) Gusiga amavuta no kuyabungabunga buri gihe
Gusiga amavuta buri gihe no kubungabunga iminyururu izunguruka ni ingamba z'ingenzi kugira ngo ikomeze gukora neza. Inzira yo gusiga amavuta igomba kugenwa hakurikijwe imiterere y'imikorere y'umunyururu n'imikorere y'amavuta. Muri rusange, birasabwa gushyira amavuta rimwe mu gihe runaka cyangwa intera runaka y'imikorere. Mu gihe cyo gusiga amavuta, ivumbi, amavuta n'ingese ku buso bw'umunyururu bigomba gukurwaho neza kugira ngo amavuta ashobore gutwikira ibice byose by'umunyururu ku buryo bungana. Byongeye kandi, imbaraga n'uburemere bw'umunyururu bigomba kugenzurwa buri gihe, kandi ibice bifite uburemere bukomeye bigomba guhindurwa no gusimburwa mu gihe runaka.

IV. Kugenzura aho akazi gakorerwa

(I) Bikomeze bisukuye kandi byumutse

Ahantu ho gukorera h'umunyururu w'uruhererekane rw'amazi hagomba kurangwa isuku kandi yumye uko bishoboka kose kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka z'umukungugu, umucanga n'indi myanda ku mikorere myiza y'umunyururu. Mu hantu hari ivumbi cyangwa ubushuhe, imyanda ishobora kwinjira mu gice cy'umunyururu n'agace k'umunyururu, yongera ubukana, kandi bigatuma imikorere myiza y'umunyururu igabanuka. Kubwibyo, ivumbi n'umwanda biri aho bakorera bigomba gusukurwa buri gihe, kandi hagafatwa ingamba zo kwirinda ivumbi n'ubushuhe, nko gushyiraho igipfundikizo kirinda cyangwa gukoresha agace gafunze.

(II) Kugenzura ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe

Ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe nabyo bigira ingaruka ku buryo umugozi w'umuzingo utwara imizigo ugenda neza. Mu bushyuhe bwinshi, umugozi ushobora gutuma umutwaro utangira gukwirakwira uhinduka bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, bityo bigatuma umugozi ugenda neza. Mu bushyuhe cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi, umugozi ukunda kugwa ingese cyangwa ingese, ibyo kandi bikagabanya ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo. Kubwibyo, gerageza kwirinda gukoresha imigozi y'umuzingo mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushuhe bwinshi, cyangwa hitamo ibikoresho by'umugozi bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi birwanya ingese.

V. Hindura neza umuvuduko
Umuvuduko w'umunyururu ugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku buryo umunyururu ugenda neza. Umuvuduko ukwiye ushobora gutuma umunyururu ukorana neza n'umugozi, bigabanye gusimbuka no kunyerera kw'umunyururu, bityo bikanoza imikorere y'umunyururu. Ariko, umuvuduko ukabije w'umunyururu wongera ubusaza bw'umunyururu kandi ukagabanya igihe cyo kuwukoresha. Kubwibyo, mu gihe cyo gushyiraho no gukoresha iminyururu izunguruka, umuvuduko ugomba guhindurwa neza hakurikijwe imiterere y'akazi n'ibipimo by'umunyururu kugira ngo ugume mu buryo bwiza. Umuvuduko ushobora kugenzurwa neza ukoresheje uburyo umunyururu uhagaze cyangwa ukoresheje icyuma gihagarika umuvuduko.

VI. Koresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gushushanya no gukora

(I) Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya no kwigana hakoreshejwe mudasobwa

Hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya mudasobwa (CAD) n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kwigana, sisitemu zo kohereza imiyoboro y'amapine zishobora gutegurwa no gusesengurwa neza. Mu gushyiraho icyitegererezo cy'uburyo imiyoboro y'amapine ikora kandi biganisha ku mikorere yayo mu bihe bitandukanye by'akazi, ibipimo by'umuyoboro n'amapine bishobora kunozwa kugira ngo binoze imikorere myiza yo kohereza imiyoboro. Urugero, ubugari bw'umuyoboro, umurambararo w'amapine y'amapine, ubugari bw'amapine y'amapine n'ibindi bipimo by'umuyoboro bishobora kunozwa kugira ngo bishobore guhuza neza n'amapine y'amapine mu gihe cyo kohereza imiyoboro no kugabanya igihombo cy'ingufu.

(II) Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibintu neza
Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora neza, nko gukoresha CNC machining na laser cutting, bishobora kunoza uburyo iminyururu ikora neza n'ubwiza bw'iminyururu ikora neza. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora neza rishobora kwemeza ko ingano n'imiterere ya buri gice cy'umunyururu byujuje ibisabwa mu miterere no kugabanya amakosa yo guteranya no gushwanyagurika mu gihe cyo gukora. Urugero, binyuze mu gukoresha CNC machining, plate y'imbere y'umunyururu, plate y'inyuma y'umunyururu, pin shaft n'agace k'umunyururu bishobora gukorwa neza kugira ngo bifatanye neza kandi transmission irusheho kuba nziza. Byongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora neza rishobora no kunoza imiterere y'umunyururu, kugabanya friction coefficient, no kunoza imikorere yo kohereza.

Umwanzuro
Muri make, kunoza imikorere myiza y’iminyururu y’ibizingo bigomba gutangirira ku bintu byinshi, harimo kunoza imiterere y’iminyururu, guhitamo ibikoresho neza, kongera imicungire y’amavuta, kugenzura aho akazi gakorerwa, guhindura neza imiterere y’imivuduko, no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu gushushanya no gukora. Mu gukoresha ubu buryo bwose, imikorere myiza y’iminyururu y’ibizingo ishobora kunozwa neza, ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho byo kubungabunga rishobora kugabanuka, kandi imikorere n’ubwizigirwa by’ibikoresho bya mekanike bishobora kunozwa. Mu bikorwa bifatika, gahunda yo guterura ikwiye ikwiye gutegurwa hakurikijwe imiterere yihariye y’akazi n’ibisabwa kugira ngo hagerwe ku mikorere myiza ya sisitemu yo gutwara iminyururu y’ibizingo.