Ibisobanuro birambuye by'uburyo bwo kwirinda gutakaza amavuta mu gihe cyo gushyushya imiyoboro y'urushundura

Ibisobanuro birambuye by'uburyo bwo kwirinda gutakaza amavuta mu gihe cyo gushyushya imiyoboro y'urushundura

I. Intangiriro
Nk'igice cy'ingenzi mu gutwara ibintu hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, iminyururu ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi no mu bikoresho bya mashini. Imikorere yayo myiza kandi yizewe ifitanye isano rya hafi no gusiga amavuta. Mu gihe cyo gushyushya mbere youmunyururu w'ibizingo, kubura amavuta yo kwisiga ntibizagira ingaruka gusa ku ngaruka zo gusiga amavuta, bigatera kwangirika no kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo kohereza amavuta, ahubwo bishobora no guteza ibibazo no kongera ikiguzi cyo kuyatunganya. Kubwibyo, ni ingenzi cyane gushakisha uburyo bwo kwirinda kubura amavuta yo kwisiga mu gihe cyo gushyushya umuyoboro w'amazi.

2. Impamvu zitera gutakaza amavuta mu gihe cyo gushyushya imigozi

(I) Ingaruka z'ubushyuhe
Uko ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya bwiyongera, ni ko ubushyuhe bw'amavuta bugabanuka. Kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe bituma amavuta yoroha gutakaza icyuho kiri hagati y'ibice bitandukanye by'urunigi. Muri icyo gihe, kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bishobora gutuma ibice by'urumuri biri muri amavuta bihindagurika, bigahindura imiterere y'amavuta, kandi bikongera imbaraga zo kuyatakaza.

(II) Uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta n'inenge mu mikorere y'umubiri
Guhitamo amavuta nabi: Iyo aho amavuta amanuka ari hasi ugereranyije n'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo gushyushya umuyoboro w'amavuta, amavuta azoroha cyangwa ashonge, kandi ntashobora kubikwa ahantu hashyirwa amavuta, bityo agatakaza. Urugero, iki kibazo gikunze kubaho iyo ukoresheje amavuta ashingiye kuri sodiyumu afite aho amanuka ari hasi ku bushyuhe bwinshi.
Amavuta adakwiye: Yaba amavuta cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga, amavuta adahagije aragoye gukora agace kuzuye ko kwisiga. Amavuta menshi yongera imbaraga zo gukangura, agatanga ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi agatuma amavuta yo kwisiga agabanuka kandi agatakaza imbaraga.
Gufunga nabi sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta: Iyo sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta idafite ingamba zo kuyifunga neza kandi idashobora kubuza imyanda yo hanze kwinjira, amavuta yo gusiga ashobora no kubura mu gihe cyo gushyushya bitewe n'impinduka z'umuvuduko cyangwa imbaraga z'uburemere.
(III) Ibibazo ku miterere n'ishyirwaho ry'umunyururu w'urukiramende ubwawo
Ubuziranenge mu gukora no gushyiramo imvange: Mu gihe cyo gukora umuyoboro w'uruhererekane rw'ibizingo, niba ubuziranenge bwa buri gice butari hejuru bihagije, kandi imvange y'imvange ikaba nini cyane cyangwa nto cyane, bizagira ingaruka ku kugumana kw'amavuta yo gusiga. Iyo imvange ari nini cyane, amavuta yo gusiga yoroshye kuva; niba imvange ari nto cyane, amavuta yo gusiga ashobora gukamurwa bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Gushyiraho nabi: Mu gihe ushyiraho umuyoboro w'ingunguru, iyo intambwe n'uburyo bikwiye bidakurikijwe, nko kuba umuyoboro ufunganye cyane cyangwa urekuye cyane, bishobora gutera imbaraga zitangana ku muyoboro w'ingunguru mu gihe cyo gukora no gushyushya mbere, bigatera gukwirakwira ku buryo butaringaniye no gutakaza amavuta yo kwisiga.

3. Hitamo amavuta akwiye yo kwisiga
(I) Ubushyuhe bw'amavuta
Amavuta yo gusiga amavuta akwiye agomba gutoranywa hashingiwe ku bushyuhe bw'imikorere, umutwaro n'umuvuduko w'umunyururu w'urukiramende. Mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, umutwaro uremereye cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi, amavuta yo gusiga amavuta ahagije arakenewe kugira ngo amavuta ashobore gukora firime nini ihagije yo gusiga ku buso bw'umunyururu w'urukiramende kugira ngo hirindwe gutakaza no gutanga amavuta meza. Urugero, mu ihererekanya ry'ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe binini by'inganda, iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru kandi umutwaro ari munini, amavuta afite urwego rwa viscosity rwa ISO VG 220 cyangwa hejuru ashobora gutoranywa.
(II) Ubwoko bw'amavuta yo kwisiga
Amavuta y'ubutare: Amavuta y'ubutare arahendutse kandi afite ubushobozi bwo kwisiga neza ndetse n'ubudahangarwa bumwe na bumwe bwo gukaraba. Kuri zimwe mu migozi y'ubutare ifite imiterere yoroheje yo gukora, nko mu migozi y'ubutare mu bikoresho bitwara ibikoresho bikoresha ubushyuhe bw'icyumba no ku muvuduko muto, amavuta y'ubutare ni amahitamo meza cyane.
Amavuta ya sintetike: Amavuta ya sintetike afite ubushyuhe bwinshi buhamye, ubushyuhe buke butuma umuntu adashobora gushyuha cyane, kandi ashobora kugumana ubushobozi bwo gusiga amavuta mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Amavuta ya sintetike ni amahitamo meza ku minyururu ikora mu bihe by'ubushyuhe bukabije, nk'ibikoresho by'ifuru bishyuha cyane mu nganda zikora ibyuma cyangwa iminyururu ishyuha mu birere bishyuha bike nko mu bubiko bukonje. Amavuta asanzwe ya sintetike arimo polyalphaolefins (PAO), amavuta ya ester, n'ibindi.
Amavuta: Amavuta ni amavuta akomeye agizwe n'amavuta y'ibanze, amavuta agabanya ubukana n'ibindi birungo. Afite ubushobozi bwo gufata no gufunga neza, kandi ashobora gukora agahu gakingira hejuru y'umunyururu w'amavuta kugira ngo wirinde gutakaza amavuta agabanya ubukana. Cyane cyane mu mikoreshereze imwe n'imwe y'umunyururu w'amavuta aho kongeramo lisansi kenshi bigorana cyangwa ibisabwa byo gufunga ari byinshi, amavuta agira uruhare runini. Urugero, mu kohereza imashini nini zo hanze, gukoresha amavuta ashingiye kuri lithium bishobora gukumira umwanda nk'amazi y'imvura no kugabanya gutakaza amavuta agabanya ubukana.
(III) Inyongeramusaruro z'amavuta yo kwisiga
Inyongeramusaruro zirwanya kwangirika: Inyongeramusaruro zirwanya kwangirika zirimo ibintu nka sulfur na fosifore zishobora gukora agahu gakingira hejuru y'urunigi rw'umunyururu, zikagabanya imikoranire hagati y'ibyuma, bityo bikagabanya kwangirika no gukumira gutakaza amavuta yo kwisiga bitewe no gukora uduce duto twangirika.
Inyongeramusaruro zirwanya ogisijeni: Inyongeramusaruro zirwanya ogisijeni zishobora gutinza ogisijeni no kwangirika kw'amavuta yo kwisiga no kugumana imikorere myiza yo kwisiga no kudahindagurika kw'ubushyuhe. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku migozi igenda igihe kirekire, kuko bishobora kugabanya kugabanuka no gutakaza ubushyuhe bitewe no gutakaza ubushyuhe.
Inyongeramusaruro zirwanya ingese n'uburozi: Mu hantu harangwa n'ubukonje cyangwa kwangirika, inyongeramusaruro zirwanya ingese n'uburozi zishobora gukumira ingese n'uburozi ku buso bw'umunyururu uzunguruka, kandi zigafasha kurinda ubuziranenge bw'amavuta no kuyarinda kwandura no kuyatakaza.

4. Kunoza sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta
(I) Koresha uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta bukwiye
Gusiga amavuta: Amavuta asunikwa ku gice runaka cy'umunyururu uzunguruka binyuze mu gikoresho gisuka amavuta. Ubu buryo bushobora kugenzura neza uburyo amavuta atangwa hakurikijwe ibyo umunyururu ukenera kugira ngo hirindwe imyanda no gutakaza amavuta. Amavuta asunikwa akwiriye imiyoboro y'umunyururu uzunguruka ikora buri gihe kandi ku muvuduko wo hejuru. Urugero, mu miyoboro imwe n'imwe ikora mu buryo bwikora, amavuta asunikwa ashobora kugumana imiterere myiza y'amavuta asunikwa mu munyururu uzunguruka.
Gusiga amavuta mu bwogero: Umugozi w'amavuta ushyirwa mu gice cy'ubwogero, kandi amavuta azanwa kuri buri gice cy'ubwogero binyuze mu kugenda k'umugozi. Gusiga amavuta mu bwogero biroroshye kandi byoroshye, kandi bikwiriye imigozi y'amavuta ifite umuvuduko muto n'imitwaro mito. Kugira ngo hirindwe ko amavuta atabura mu bwogero bw'amavuta, imiterere n'urwego rw'amavuta mu bwogero bw'amavuta bishobora gushushanywa neza.
Gusiga amavuta akoreshwa mu gupima umuvuduko: Koresha pompe y'amavuta kugira ngo ugeze amavuta akoreshwa mu gupima umuvuduko kuri buri gice cy'umunyururu w'umuzunguruko ku gitutu runaka. Nyuma yo gusiga amavuta, amavuta akoreshwa mu gupima umuvuduko asubira mu kigega cy'amavuta kugira ngo akonje kandi ayungururwe kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta buhagije. Ubu buryo bushobora kwemeza ko amavuta akoreshwa mu gupima umuvuduko ahagije kandi bukavanaho ubushyuhe n'imyanda ku gihe. Birakwiriye kohereza imiyoboro y'umuzunguruko yihuta cyane, iremereye kandi minini. Muri sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta akoreshwa mu gupima umuvuduko, hashyizweho ibikoresho bikwiye byo gufunga no gusubiza imiyoboro y'amavuta, gutakaza amavuta akoreshwa mu gupima umuvuduko bishobora kwirindwa neza.
(II) Kugenzura neza ko sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta ifunze neza
Hitamo ibikoresho byo gufunga bikwiye: Ibikoresho byo gufunga bigomba kuba bifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'amavuta, ubushyuhe n'ubukonje. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gufunga birimo rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, nibindi. Urugero, mu duce tumwe na tumwe dushyuha cyane, fluororubber ishobora gutoranywa nk'ibikoresho byo gufunga kugira ngo hamenyekane ingaruka zo gufunga.
Imiterere ikwiye y’imiterere yo gufunga: Gukoresha imiterere myinshi yo gufunga bishobora kunoza uburyo bwo gufunga. Urugero, ku mwobo w’umugozi w’umunyururu, hashobora gukoreshwa uruvange rw’iminwa ifunga n’iminwa ifunga. Umunwa ufunga ushobora gushyira neza hejuru y’umunwa kugira ngo wirinde ko amavuta yo gusiga ava, mu gihe umunwa ufunga ukoresha imiterere yawo yihariye kugira ngo wongere ubudahangarwa bwo gusiga amavuta ava no kunoza uburyo bwo gufunga.
Reba kandi ukomeze gukoresha igikoresho gifunga: Mu gihe cyo gukoresha umunyururu uzunguruka, igikoresho gifunga kigomba kugenzurwa buri gihe kugira ngo kirebe ko ari ingirakamaro, kandi udupfundikizo twangiritse tugomba kuboneka tugasimbuzwa ku gihe kugira ngo sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta ikomeze gufunga. Muri icyo gihe, hagomba kwitonderwa kugira ngo igikoresho gifunga kidakomeretse mu gihe cyo gushyiraho no kubungabunga.
(III) Shyiramo icyuma gipima urwego rw'amavuta n'icyuma gitanga amakuru
Umugenzuzi w’urwego rw’amavuta ashobora kugenzura urugero rw’amavuta mu buryo bwo gusiga amavuta mu gihe nyacyo. Iyo urugero rw’amavuta ruri hasi y’urugero rw’amavuta rwashyizweho, ashobora gutanga ikimenyetso cy’inyongerera ku gihe kugira ngo yibutse umukozi kongeramo lisansi. Igikoresho cy’inyongerera gishobora gutanga inzogera iyo umuvuduko w’amavuta yo gusiga utari uhagije cyangwa sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta yananiwe, bigatuma umuyoboro w’amavuta uhora ufite amavuta ahagije yo gusiga amavuta mu gihe cyo gushyushya mbere yo kuyakoresha kugira ngo hirindwe ko amavuta yo gusiga yabura.

5. Kunoza imiterere n'ishyirwaho ry'umunyururu w'urukiramende
(I) Kunoza imiterere y'umunyururu w'uruhererekane rw'imizingo
Koresha umugozi ufunze: Umugozi ufunze wongeraho igikoresho cyo gufunga gishingiye ku mugozi usanzwe, ushobora gukumira kubura amavuta yo kwisiga no kwinjira kw'imyanda yo hanze. Urugero, imigozi mishya ifunze ifite impeta zo gufunga za rubber cyangwa imiterere yo gufunga ya labyrinth hagati y'umugozi w'imbere n'umugozi w'inyuma, ibyo bikaba birushaho kunoza imikorere yo gufunga k'umugozi.
Kunoza imiterere y'agasanduku n'umuzingo: Mu kunoza imiterere y'agasanduku n'umuzingo, umwanya wo kubikamo n'ubushobozi bwo kubika amavuta bishobora kongerwa. Urugero, agasanduku kagenewe kuba gafite ipfundo, ku buryo amavuta ashobora guteranira imbere mu gasanduku no kugabanya igihombo cyako mu gihe cyo gushyushya mbere.
(ii) Kunoza uburyo umuyoboro w'imashini ukorwamo neza
Genzura neza ingano n'ubushobozi bw'inganda za buri gice cy'umunyururu w'urukiramende, gabanya aho uhujwe n'aho uhujwe, kandi urebe neza ko umunyururu w'urukiramende ugororotse kandi ugororotse nyuma yo guteranywa. Ibi bishobora kwemeza ko amavuta akwirakwira mu munyururu w'urukiramende akwirakwira kimwe kandi bikagabanya igihombo cy'amavuta aterwa n'umuvuduko mwinshi w'aho ukorera. Muri icyo gihe, iminyururu y'urukiramende ifite ubuhanga bwo hejuru nayo irakomera mu gihe cyo gukora, ibyo bikaba byongerera igihe cyo gukora amavuta.
(iii) Shyiramo neza umuyoboro w'imashini
Menya neza ko umugozi ukwiye w'umunyururu: Mu gushyiraho umugozi w'umunyururu, umugozi w'umunyururu ugomba guhindurwa neza hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'ibikoresho n'amabwiriza y'umunyururu w'umunyururu. Iyo umugozi ari munini cyane, umugozi w'umunyururu n'ubwikorezi bizakoreshwa imbaraga nyinshi, bigatuma amavuta akurwamo; niba umugozi ari muto cyane, umugozi uzaba urekuye kandi udahindagurika, ibyo bizagira ingaruka no ku ikwirakwira no gutakaza amavuta.
Witondere icyerekezo cy'aho umugozi ushyirwa: Imigozi imwe n'imwe ikozwe hagamijwe ko amavuta ashyirwa mu buryo bwihariye kandi ifite amabwiriza yihariye yo kuyashyiraho. Mu gihe cyo kuyashyiraho, igomba gushyirwa mu cyerekezo cyagenwe, bitabaye ibyo byagira ingaruka ku nzira y'amazi ashyirwa mu buryo butuma amavuta atakaza.

6. Kugenzura no kugenzura ubushyuhe

(I) Guhitamo uburyo bwo gushyushya mbere
Koresha uburyo bwo gushyushya buhoro kandi busanzwe kugira ngo wirinde kuzamuka no kugabanuka gutunguranye k'ubushyuhe. Urugero, kuri sisitemu yo kohereza ibikoresho binini bikoresha umugozi, gushyushya hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi cyangwa gushyushya hakoreshejwe umwuka bishobora gukoreshwa mu gushyushya mbere. Mu kugenzura umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bw'umugozi n'amavuta yo kwisiga birushaho kwiyongera buhoro buhoro kugira ngo bigabanye igihombo cy'amavuta bitewe n'impinduka zihuse z'ubushyuhe.
(II) Ingamba zo gukonjesha
Mu gihe cyo gushyushya umuyoboro w'amapine, ibikoresho bikwiye byo gukonjesha, nko gushyiraho amafeni akonjesha cyangwa ibikoresho byo gukonjesha amavuta, bishobora kugenzura neza ukwiyongera k'ubushyuhe no gukumira gushonga no gutakaza amavuta bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Umufana ukonjesha ashobora gukura ubushyuhe hejuru y'umuyoboro w'amapine yihutisha urujya n'uruza rw'umwuka; igikoresho cyo gukonjesha amavuta gishobora gukonjesha amavuta yo gusiga no kuyakoresha kugira ngo amavuta yo gusiga akomeze kuba meza kandi akore neza.
(III) Gukurikirana ubushyuhe
Shyiramo icyuma gipima ubushyuhe kugira ngo gikurikirane impinduka z'ubushyuhe bw'umunyururu w'urukiramende mu gihe cyo gushyushya mu buryo nyabwo. Dukurikije amakuru ajyanye no kugenzura ubushyuhe, hindura ibipimo byo gushyushya n'ingamba zo gusiga amavuta ku gihe kugira ngo urebe neza ko ubushyuhe bw'umunyururu w'urukiramende buri mu rugero rukwiye rw'amavuta yo gusiga. Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze ku rugero rwagenwe, inzogera ihita itangira cyangwa igikorwa cyo gushyushya gihagarara kugira ngo hirindwe ko amavuta yo gusiga n'ibindi bibazo biterwa n'ubushyuhe bukabije.

7. Gufata neza no kugenzura buri gihe
(I) Gusukura umuyoboro w'ibirahuri n'uburyo bwo kuwusiga amavuta
Gusukura umuyoboro w'amapine n'uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta buri gihe kugira ngo ukureho amavuta, umukungugu n'imyanda ku buso. Gusukura umuyoboro w'amapine bishobora gukumira imyanda kwivanga mu mavuta yo gusiga, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere n'ingaruka z'amavuta yo gusiga, bityo bikagabanya igihombo cy'amavuta yo gusiga. Mu gihe usukura, koresha ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bikwiye byo gusukura, kandi witondere kwangiza umuyoboro w'amapine n'igikoresho cyo gufunga.
(ii) Kugenzura ubwiza n'urwego rw'amavuta yo kwisiga
Fata ingero buri gihe kugira ngo urebe uko amavuta amera, ubukana, agaciro ka aside n'ibindi bimenyetso by'amavuta yo kwisiga agaragara kugira ngo umenye niba amavuta yo kwisiga yangiritse cyangwa yananiwe. Muri icyo gihe, reba niba urwego rw'amavuta ruri mu rugero rusanzwe hanyuma wongere wongere amavuta yo kwisiga cyangwa usimbuze amavuta yo kwisiga ku gihe. Niba ubwiza bw'amavuta yo kwisiga budahuye n'ibisabwa, agomba gusimbuzwa ku gihe kugira ngo urebe ko urunigi rw'imizingo rukora neza.
(iii) Genzura uko umunyururu w'imashini ugenda ushira
Reba buri gihe urwego rw'ubusaze bw'umunyururu w'imashini, harimo n'ubusaze bw'iminyururu, amaboko, imisumari n'ibindi bice. Ukurikije uko ubusaze bumeze, hindura imbaraga z'umunyururu w'imashini cyangwa usimbuze ibice byashaje cyane mu gihe. Iminyururu y'imashini yashaje cyane itera ikwirakwizwa ritaringaniye no gutakaza amavuta yo kwisiga. Gufata neza igihe bishobora kongera igihe cy'ubuzima bw'iminyururu y'imashini n'amavuta yo kwisiga.

8. Isesengura ry'Ibyagenze neza
(i) Sisitemu yo kohereza imodoka ku mugozi w'imodoka
Iyi kompanyi ikoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo kohereza imodoka ku muyoboro wayo wo gukora imodoka. Mu gihe cyo gushyushya mbere, habayeho ikibazo gikomeye cyo gutakaza amavuta yo kwisiga, byatumye umuyoboro wo kohereza imodoka ugenda ushira vuba ndetse n'ibikoresho byangirika kenshi. Ingamba zikurikira zafashwe kugira ngo ikibazo gikemuke neza:
Hitamo amavuta yo kwisiga afite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru kugira ngo wongere ubushyuhe n'ubukonje bw'amavuta.
Kunoza uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta, gukoresha uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta anyura mu mazi n'uburyo bwo gusohora umuvuduko, kongera uburyo bwo gufunga, no gushyiraho ibikoresho bishya byo gufunga.
Kunoza imiterere y'umunyururu w'ibizingo, gukoresha umunyururu w'ibizingo ufunze, no kunoza uburyo bwo gukora ibintu neza.
Shyiramo ibikoresho bipima ubushyuhe n'ibikoresho bigenzura urwego rw'amavuta kugira ngo bigenzure impinduka z'ubushyuhe n'urwego rw'amavuta mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo urebe neza imiterere y'amavuta mu gihe cyo gushyushya mbere.
Nyuma y’izi ngamba zo kunoza, sisitemu yo kohereza amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa roller chain yagabanyije cyane ingano y’amavuta yo kwisiga yatakaraga mu gihe cyo gushyushya, igihe cyo gukoresha amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa roller chain cyongereweho hafi 30%, igipimo cyo kwangirika kw’ibikoresho cyagabanutseho 40%, kandi umusaruro warushijeho kwiyongera cyane.
(II) Gukoresha iminyururu ikora mu mashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro
Mu mashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro, iminyururu ikoreshwa cyane mu gutwara ibikoresho n'ibikoresho byo kohereza. Bitewe n'imiterere mibi y'ubucukuzi, iminyururu ihura n'ikibazo cyo kwanduza byoroshye no gutakaza amavuta yo kwisiga mu gihe cyo gushyushya mbere. Izi zikurikira ni ingamba zafashwe n'ikigo cy'imashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro n'umusaruro zabonetse:
Hitamo amavuta yo kwisiga afite inyongeramusaruro zirinda kwangirika cyane n’inyongeramusaruro zirinda ingese n’izirinda kwangirika kugira ngo ahuze n’ubushuhe bwinshi n’ivumbi ryinshi ry’ahantu hacukurwa amabuye y’agaciro.
Shyiramo ibikoresho byo kuyungurura muri sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta kugira ngo woze imyanda buri gihe kugira ngo wirinde ko imyanda yinjira mu bice by'amavuta bigatera gutakaza amavuta yo gusiga.
Kora isuku ku munyururu w'ibizingo buri gihe, harimo no gusukura, kugenzura no gusimbuza ibice byashaje kugira ngo umunyururu w'ibizingo ukore neza.
Koresha uburyo bukwiye bwo gushyushya, genzura ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya, kandi wongere imbaraga mu gupima ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho kugira ngo ugabanye ingaruka z'impinduka z'ubushyuhe ku mavuta yo kwisiga.
Binyuze mu ngamba zavuzwe haruguru, igihombo cy'amavuta yo kwisiga mu gihe cyo gushyushya imiyoboro y'imashini zicukura cyagenzuwe neza, kandi ubwizigirwa n'igihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho byarazamuwe cyane.

9. Umwanzuro
Gutakaza amavuta yo gusiga mu gihe cyo gushyushya umuyoboro w'imashini ni ikibazo kigoye, ariko binyuze mu ngamba zirambuye nko guhitamo amavuta akwiye yo gusiga, kunoza sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta, kunoza imiterere n'imitangire y'umuyoboro w'imashini, kugenzura ubushyuhe, no kubungabunga buri gihe, gutakaza amavuta yo gusiga amavuta bishobora kwirindwa neza kugira ngo umuyoboro w'imashini ukomeze gusiga amavuta neza mu gihe cyo gushyushya. Ibi bifite akamaro kanini mu kongera igihe cy'akazi k'imiyoboro y'imashini, kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho, no kunoza imikorere myiza y'umusaruro. Mu mikoreshereze ifatika, uburyo butandukanye n'ibipimo bigomba gukoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye hakurikijwe imiterere yihariye y'akazi n'ibisabwa by'imiyoboro y'imashini, kandi hagomba gukorwa ubushakashatsi buhoraho no guhanga udushya kugira ngo hagerwe ku ngaruka nziza zo gusiga amavuta y'imashini y'imashini.