Ngā Mātāpono Hoahoa mō te Tauwehenga Niho o te Mekameka Roera

Ngā Mātāpono Hoahoa mō te Tauwehenga Niho o te Mekameka Roera

I roto i ngā āhuatanga tuku hiko ā-ahumahi me te tuku hiko ā-mīhini, ko te mahi tuku omekameka roeraKoia te mea e whakatau tika ana i te whai huatanga o te mahi me te roa o te ratonga o ngā taputapu. Hei wāhanga matua o te pūnaha tuku mekameka roera, ko te hoahoa o te ōwehenga niho he mea nui e pā ana ki te tika o te tuku, te kaha kawe kawenga, me te pumau whānui. Ahakoa i roto i ngā taraiwa motopaika, i ngā raina kawe ahumahi, i te tuku hiko rānei i roto i ngā mīhini ahuwhenua, mā te arotau i te hoahoa ōwehenga niho ka whakanui ake i te whai huatanga o te pūnaha tuku me te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea o te kakahu me te rahunga. Ka tātarihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā mātāpono hoahoa o ngā ōwehenga niho mekameka roera mai i te tirohanga hangarau, ka whakarato i ngā tohutoro ngaio mō ngā miihini me ngā kaimahi ahumahi puta noa i te ao.

I. Ngā Whāinga Matua o te Hoahoa i te Tauwehenga Niho Mekameka Roera

Ko te kaupapa matua o te hoahoa ōwehenga niho he whakataurite i ngā whakaritenga matua e toru o te pūnaha tuku mā te whakataurite i te maha o ngā niho o ngā porotiti taraiwa me ngā porotiti taraiwa. Koinei hoki te tīmatanga mō ngā mātāpono hoahoa katoa:
* **Te Whakanui i te Whai Hua o te Tuku:** Te whakaiti i te ngaronga pūngao i te wā e hono ana, te whakarite i te tuku mana whai hua mai i te taraiwa ki te sprocket taraiwa, me te karo i te pikinga o te waku, te maumau mana rānei i puta mai i te kore taurite o te ōwehenga niho;
* **Te Whakapai Ake i te Pūmautanga o te Mahi:** Te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te wiri, te pānga, me te pekepeke mekameka, me te whakarite i te tika o te ōwehenga tuku. Ina koa i roto i ngā āhuatanga tere nui, kawenga rerekē rānei, ko te ōwehenga niho pumau te tūāpapa mō te mahi tonu o ngā taputapu;
* **Te Whakaroa i te Roa o te Wāhanga:** Te whakataurite i te kakahu o te mekameka roera me ngā pītiti, te karo i te pakaru wawe i puta mai i te kukū o te ahotea ā-rohe, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā utu tiaki me te auau o te wā kore mahi.
II. Ngā Mātāpono Matua o te Hoahoa Tauwehenga Niho

1. Te Whakataurite i te Tau o ngā Niho i runga i ngā Pīrere Taraiwa me ngā Pīrere Taraiwa kia Ārai ai i ngā Tauwehenga Tino Rahi

Ko te ōwehenga niho i waenga i ngā pīrere taraiwa me ngā pīrere taraiwa (i = te maha o ngā niho i runga i te pīrere taraiwa Z2 / te maha o ngā niho i runga i te pīrere taraiwa Z1) te mea e whakatau tika ana i te pānga o te tuku. Me piri te hoahoa ki te mātāpono "kāore he pito rawa, he ōrite tika": Kaua e iti rawa te maha o ngā niho i runga i te pīrere taraiwa: Mena he iti rawa te maha o ngā niho i runga i te pīrere taraiwa Z1 (e taunakihia ana kia kaua e iti iho i te 17 ngā niho, ā, kia kaua e iti iho i te 21 ngā niho mō ngā āhuatanga taumaha), ka heke te wāhi pa i waenga i te hononga mekameka me te mata niho, ka nui ake te pēhanga mō ia wae o te mata niho. Ehara i te mea ka ngāwari noa te pakaru o te mata o ngā niho me te totoro o te hononga mekameka, engari ka arahi pea ki te pekepeke mekameka, ki te heke rānei o te mekameka. Ina koa mō ngā mekameka roera ANSI paerewa 12A, 16A me ētahi atu mekameka roera nui, ka nui ake te pānga o te whatunga me te whakapoto i te roa o te mahi mena kāore i te rawaka te maha o ngā niho i runga i te pīrere taraiwa.

Kaua e nui rawa ngā niho o te pīkau taraiwa: Ahakoa ka taea e te nui rawa o ngā niho o te pīkau taraiwa Z2 te whakaiti i te tere o te tuku me te whakanui ake i te taipana, ka nui ake te rahi o te pīkau, ka nui ake te wāhi tāutanga. Tērā pea ka puta he takahuri mekameka, he whakaroa tuku rānei nā te nui rawa o te koki whatunga i waenga i te hononga mekameka me te mata o te niho. I te nuinga o te wā, kaua e neke ake i te 120 ngā niho o te pīkau taraiwa; me whakarerekē whānui ngā āhuatanga motuhake i runga i te wāhi taputapu me ngā whakaritenga tuku.

2. Whakahaerehia te whānuitanga o te ōwehenga taputapu kia urutau ki ngā hiahia tuku
He rerekē ngā whakaritenga mō te ōwehenga tuku i ngā horopaki tono rerekē, engari me whakahaere te ōwehenga taputapu i roto i te whānuitanga whaitake hei whakataurite i te whai huatanga me te pumau:
* **Ngā Horopaki Tukunga Tukunga Noa (hei tauira, ngā mīhini whānui, ngā raina kawe):** E taunakihia ana kia whakahaerehia te ōwehenga taputapu i waenga i te 1:1 me te 7:1. I roto i tēnei awhe, he tino pai te pānga hononga i waenga i te mekameka roera me te pīkau, ā, ka iti te ngaronga pūngao me te kakahu ōrite.
* **Ngā Āhuatanga Tuku Taumaha, Tere-iti rānei (hei tauira, ngā mīhini ahuwhenua, ngā taputapu taumaha):** Ka taea te whakanui ake i te ōwehenga taputapu ki te 1:1 ki te 10:1, engari me whakamahi ngā mekameka roera he nui ake te piko (hei tauira, 16A, 20A) me te hoahoa mata niho kua whakapakaritia hei karo i te pakaru nā te taumaha nui rawa.
* **Ngā Horopaki Tuku Tere-Teitei (hei tauira, te hononga motuka-taputapu):** Me whakahaere te ōwehenga taputapu i waenga i te 1:1 me te 5:1 hei whakaiti i te wiri me te haruru i puta mai i te auau honohono teitei rawa. I te wa ano, me whakarite kia nui ngā niho o te sprocket taraiwa hei whakaiti i te pānga o te kaha centrifugal ki te mahi mekameka.

3. Whakaritea te Tatau Niho Coprime hei Whakaiti i te Pakaru Kukū

Ko te mea tino pai, ko te maha o ngā niho o ngā porotiti taraiwa me ngā porotiti taraiwa me tutuki i te mātāpono "coprime" (arā, ko te wehewehenga ōrite nui rawa atu o ngā tatau niho e rua ko te 1). He kōrero nui tēnei hei whakaroa i te roa o te ora o ngā mekameka roera me ngā porotiti:

Mena he rite te maha o ngā niho, ka ōrite ake te pa o ngā hononga mekameka me ngā niho pītau, ā, ka ārai i te hononga tonu o te huinga hononga mekameka ki te huinga niho kotahi, ka marara ngā pūwāhi pakaru, ka whakaiti i te pakaru nui o ngā mata niho rohe, te totoro rānei o te hononga mekameka.

Mena kāore e taea te tatau katoa i ngā coprime, me pupuri te wehewehenga noa nui rawa atu o te tatau niho ki te iti rawa (hei tauira, 2, 3 rānei), ā, me whakakotahi tēnei me tētahi hoahoa hononga mekameka whaitake (me tika te ōwehenga o te tatau hononga mekameka ki te tatau niho kia kore ai e taurite ngā hononga i puta mai i ngā "hononga mekameka ōrite me te tatau niho tauhou").

4. Te Whakataurite i ngā Tauira Mekameka Roera me ngā Āhuatanga Matapihi
Kāore e taea te wehewehe i te hoahoa ōwehenga niho mai i ngā tawhā ake o te mekameka roera, ā, me whai whakaaro whānuitia me te nekehanga o te mekameka, te whānui o te roera, te kaha kume, me ētahi atu āhuatanga:

Mō ngā mekameka roera tika poto-piko (pērā i te ANSI 08B, 10A), he teitei ake ngā whakaritenga mō te tika o te hononga o te mata niho, ā, kaua te ōwehenga o te niho e nui rawa. E taunakihia ana kia whakahaeretia i waenga i te 1:1 me te 6:1 kia ōrite ai te tawhiti o te hononga, kia whakaitihia ai hoki te tūponotanga o te aukati;

Mō ngā mekameka kawe takirua, nā te mea he nui ake te piko, kaua e iti rawa te maha o ngā niho o te pīkau taraiwa (kaua e iti iho i te 20 ngā niho). Me ōrite te ōwehenga niho ki te tere kawe me te kawenga kia kore ai e piki ake te pānga o te whatunga nā te piko nui;

Whāia ngā paerewa o te ao pēnei i te ANSI me te DIN kia pai ai te hototahitanga i waenga i te maha o ngā niho o te sprocket me te tauira mekameka roera. Hei tauira, me ōrite te diameter o te porowhita pito o te sprocket me te diameter o te porowhita pakiaka e rite ana ki te mekameka roera 12A ki te maha o ngā niho kia kore ai e pā ki te pānga tuku tuturu o te ōwehenga niho nā te rerekētanga o te rahinga. III. Ngā Take Matua e Pā Ana ki te Hoahoa Ōwehenga Taputapu

1. Ngā Āhuatanga Utaina
Ngā kawenga māmā, ngā kawenga pumau (hei tauira, ngā pā iti, ngā taputapu): Ka taea te whakamahi i te iti o ngā niho o te pītau taraiwa me te ōwehenga taputapu reo, hei whakataurite i te pai o te tuku me te whakaiti i ngā taputapu.
Ngā kawenga taumaha, ngā kawenga pānga (hei tauira, ngā mīhini kuru, ngā mīhini keri maina): Me whakanui ake te maha o ngā niho o te pīkau taraiwa, me whakaiti hoki te ōwehenga taputapu hei whakaiti i te kaha pānga mō ia mata niho. Me whakamahi ngā mekameka roera kaha-teitei hei whakanui ake i te kaha ki te kawe kawenga.

2. Ngā Whakaritenga Tere
Tuku tere-teitei (tere o te pītau taraiwa > 3000 rpm): Me whakahaere te ōwehenga taputapu i roto i te awhe iti. Mā te whakanui ake i te maha o ngā niho o te pītau taraiwa ka whakaitihia te maha o ngā mahi honohono, ka whakaitihia te wiri me te haruru, me te whakarite hoki i te taurite hihiri o te mekameka me te pītau.
Tuku tere-iti (tere o te pītau taraiwa < 500 rpm): Ka taea te whakanui ake i te ōwehenga taputapu mā te whakanui ake i te maha o ngā niho o te pītau taraiwa hei whakanui ake i te taipana putanga. Kāore he take ki te whakawhāiti rawa i te maha o ngā niho o te pītau taraiwa, engari me karo i ngā raruraru tāutanga e puta mai ana i te rahi rawa o ngā pītau.

3. Ngā Whakaritenga Tika mō te Tukunga

Ngā tuku tino tika (hei tauira, ngā raina whakaputa aunoa, ngā taputapu mīhini tino tika): Me tino ōrite te ōwehenga taputapu ki te uara hoahoa. Whakatairangahia ngā huinga me te tatau niho e rua hei whakaiti i ngā hapa tuku kua kohia, me te karo i te whakaroa tuku i puta mai i te ōwehenga taputapu nui rawa.

Ngā tuku tika noa (hei tauira, ngā kaikawe whānui, ngā mīhini ahuwhenua): Ka taea te whakarite i te ōwehenga taputapu i roto i te awhe whaitake. Me arotahi ki te whakarite i te pumau o te mahi me te urutau o te kawenga; kāore e hiahiatia te tino tika o te maha o ngā niho.

4. Ngā Herenga Wāhi Tāutanga

Mēnā he iti te wāhi tāutanga, me arotau te ōwehenga taputapu ki roto i te wāhi e whakaaetia ana. Mēnā he iti te wāhi taha, ka taea te whakaiti i te maha o ngā niho o te wira taraiwa kia iti ai te ōwehenga taputapu. Mēnā he iti te wāhi tuaka, ka taea te whiriwhiri i tētahi mekameka roera poto-piko me te ōwehenga taputapu e tika ana hei karo i ngā diameter sprocket nui rawa e pā kino ana ki te tāutanga.

IV. Ngā Whakaaro Hē Noa me ngā Tikanga Ārai i roto i te Hoahoa Tauwehenga Taputapu

Whakaaro Hē 1: Te whai pōrangi i te ōwehenga taputapu nui hei whakanui ake i te taipana. Mā te whakanui rawa i te ōwehenga taputapu ka hua ake he wira taraiwa nui rawa atu me te koki hononga koretake, ehara i te mea ka whakapiki ake i te uaua o te tāutanga engari ka whakanui ake hoki i te takahuri me te pakaru o te mekameka. Whakaaro Hē 1: Me te whakaaro ki ngā whakaritenga kawenga me te tere, whakahaerehia te rohe o runga o te ōwehenga taputapu me te whakarite i te taipana. Mena e tika ana, whakakapia ngā tuku ōwehenga taputapu teitei kotahi-wāhanga ki ngā tuku maha-wāhanga.

Whakaaro Hē 2: Te kore aro ki te iti rawa o ngā niho i runga i te pīkau taraiwa. Mā te whakamahi i te iti rawa o ngā niho i runga i te pīkau taraiwa (hei tauira, <15 niho) hei whakaiti i ngā taputapu ka arahi ki te kukū o te ahotea ki te mata o te niho, ka tere ake te mau o te mekameka, tae atu ki te pekepeke mekameka. Whakaaro Hē 3: Te kore aro ki te taurite o ngā niho me ngā tau hononga. Mena he taurite te maha o ngā hononga mekameka, ahakoa he tau rerekē ngā niho o ngā pīkau taraiwa me ngā pīkau taraiwa, ka nui ake te mau o te hononga mekameka i ngā hononga mekameka. Whakaaro Hē 4: Te whakarite kia taurite te hononga mekameka me ngā tau niho i te wā hoahoa. Whakatairangahia ngā huinga me ngā hononga mekameka tau rerekē me ngā tau niho coprime, ka tutuki rānei te hononga ōrite mā te whakarerekē i te maha o ngā hononga mekameka.

Whakaaro Hē 5: Te kore aro ki te taurite o ngā niho me ngā tau hononga. Kōrero Pakiwaitara 4: Te hoahoa me te kore e piri ki ngā paerewa o te ao. Ki te kore e whai i ngā whakaritenga tau niho me te hototahitanga tauira mekameka o ngā paerewa o te ao pēnei i te ANSI me te DIN ka hua ake he hononga koretake i waenga i te porotiti me te mekameka roera, ka pā ki te mahi tuku tuturu o te ōwehenga taputapu. Otinga: Tirohia ngā tawhā hototahitanga o ngā mekameka roera me ngā porotiti i roto i ngā paerewa o te ao hei whakarite i te taurite tika o te hoahoa tau niho ki te kōtaha niho me te piko o te tauira mekameka (hei tauira, 12A, 16A, 08B).

V. Ngā Whakaaro Whaihua mō te Arotau i te Tauwehenga Taputapu

**Manatoko Hoahoa mā te Whakatauira me te Whakamātautau:** Whakamahia te pūmanawa whakatauira pūnaha tuku hei whakatauira i te pānga honohono, te tohatoha ahotea, me te ngaronga pūngao i raro i ngā ōwehenga taputapu rerekē hei whiriwhiri i te otinga tino pai. Whakahaerehia he whakamātautau pae i mua i te whakamahinga tuturu hei manatoko i te pumau o te ōwehenga taputapu i raro i ngā rerekētanga kawenga me te tere.

**Whakarerekētanga Hihiri i runga i ngā Āhuatanga Whakahaere:** Mena ka rerekē ngā āhuatanga whakahaere o te taputapu (hei tauira, te kawenga, te tere), whakamahia he hanganga tuku me te ōwehenga taputapu ka taea te whakarerekē, whiriwhiria rānei he huinga taputapu e manawanui ana kia kore ai e taea e te ōwehenga taputapu kotahi te urutau ki ngā āhuatanga whakahaere uaua. Hei whakarei ake i te mahi mekameka: I muri i te hoahoa i te ōwehenga niho, he mea nui kia tirohia tonutia te kukū mekameka me te pakaru o te porotiti. Whakatikatikahia te ōwehenga niho, whakakapia rānei ngā porotiti i runga i te taumata pakaru hei ārai i ngā rerekētanga o te ōwehenga niho tūturu nā te pakaru.

Whakatau: He kaupapa hangarau pūnaha uaua te hoahoa ōwehenga niho mekameka roera e whakataurite ana i te ariā me te mahi. Ko tōna kaupapa matua ko te whakataurite i te pai o te tuku, te pumau, me te roa o te ora mā te whakataurite niho pūtaiao. Ahakoa i roto i ngā tuku ahumahi, ngā tuku hiko motopaika, ngā tono mīhini ahuwhenua rānei, he mea nui te piri ki ngā mātāpono hoahoa o te "taurite whaitake, te whānuitanga whakahaere, te tatau niho hototahi ki a rātou anō, me te urutau paerewa" hei whakarite i te mahi tino pai o te pūnaha taraiwa mekameka roera.

Hei waitohu ngaio e tohunga ana ki ngā mekameka taraiwa ahumahi, ka whakamahia tonutia e Bullead ngā paerewa o te ao pēnei i te ANSI me te DIN hei paearu, e whakauru ana i ngā ariā arotau ōwehenga niho ki te whanaketanga hua me te tautoko hangarau. Ko tana whānuitanga katoa o ngā mekameka roera (tae atu ki ngā mekameka tika poto-piko, ngā mekameka kawe rua-piko, me ngā mekameka taraiwa ahumahi) e tuku ana i te urutau teitei ki ngā hoahoa ōwehenga niho rerekē, e whakarato ana i ngā otinga pono mō ngā āhuatanga tuku rerekē mō ngā kaiwhakamahi o te ao.