Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi mekameka roera kowiri tira e tika ana mō ngā kawenga hihiri

Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi mekameka roera kowiri tira e tika ana mō ngā kawenga hihiri
Ngā mekameka roera kowiri tirae whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha tuku me te kawe waka miihini, inā koa i ngā wā e hiahiatia ana he kawenga hihiri. Ko te kawenga hihiri e pā ana ki te kawenga e huri tonu ana ka mau i te mekameka i te wā e mahi ana, ka puta mai pea i te wiri miihini, te pānga, te huringa tere me ētahi atu āhuatanga. He mea nui te whiriwhiri i tētahi mekameka roera kowiri tira e tika ana mō ngā kawenga hihiri kia mau ai te mahi a te taputapu me te whakaroa i tōna roanga mahi. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā āhuatanga maha me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi mekameka roera kowiri tira e tika ana mō ngā kawenga hihiri.

1. Te pānga o ngā kawenga hihiri ki ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira
Ka pāngia ngā mekameka roera maitai kore waikura e ngā kawenga hihiri. Tuatahi, ka pāngia te mekameka e te ngenge e ngā kawenga hihiri. I raro i te taumahatanga me te pēhanga auau, ka whānui haere ngā kapiti moroiti i roto i te hanganga whakarewa o te mekameka, ā, ka pakaru pea te mekameka i te mutunga. Tuarua, ka nui ake te pakaru o te mekameka e ngā kawenga hihiri. Nā te mea ka pāngia te mekameka e ngā kawenga e huri haere tonu ana i te wā e neke ana, ka rerekē anō hoki te pēhanga pā i waenganui i a ia me ngā wāhanga pēnei i ngā porotiti, ka tere ake te pakaru o ngā roera mekameka, ngā pine me ētahi atu wāhanga, ā, ka whakaiti i te tika o te tuku me te roa o te mahi a te mekameka. Hei tāpiri, ka taea hoki e ngā kawenga hihiri te whakangā me te whakaroa i te mekameka, ka pā ki te tukutahitanga o te tuku me te pumau o te mahi a ngā taputapu.

2. Ngā mea matua mō te whiriwhiri i ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira e tika ana mō ngā kawenga hihiri
(I) Te tātari āhuatanga kawenga
I mua i te whiriwhiri i tētahi mekameka roera kowiri tira, me whakahaere he tātaritanga taipitopito o ngā āhuatanga kawenga o ngā taputapu. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te rahi o te kawenga, te auau o te huringa, te ahunga, me te mea he kawenga pānga. Hei tauira, i roto i ētahi mīhini tere-tere, ahakoa he iti te kawenga, he teitei ngā whakaritenga mahi ngenge o te mekameka nā te auau nui o te huringa; i roto i ētahi taputapu hiki, ahakoa he iti te auau o te huringa kawenga, he nui te kawenga, ā, ka haere tahi pea me te pānga, e hiahia ana kia nui te kaha me te pakari o te mekameka.
(II) Kōwhiringa tawhā mekameka
Te Pitch: Ko te pitch te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā pokapū o ngā pine e rua e tata ana o te mekameka, ā, he tawhā nui tēnei mō te mekameka. Mō ngā wā he nui ngā kawenga hihiri, ka whiriwhiria he pitch nui ake, ka taea ai te whakaiti i te tere o te mekameka me te whakaiti i te kino o te kakahu me te ngenge o te mekameka. Heoi, kaua te pitch e nui rawa, ki te kore ka kore e pai te hononga i waenganui i te mekameka me te sprocket, ka nui ake te pānga me te haruru.
Te maha o ngā rarangi: Ko te maha o ngā rarangi e pā ana ki te maha o ngā rarangi o ngā pereti mekameka i te ahunga whānui o te mekameka. Mēnā he nui te kawenga hihiri, ka taea e koe te whakaaro ki te whiriwhiri i tētahi mekameka maha-rarangi, ka taea te whakamarara i te kawenga me te whakapai ake i te kaha kawe kawenga o te mekameka. Hei tauira, i roto i ētahi taputapu kawe taumaha, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā mekameka roera maitai kore waikura rua-rarangi, toru-rarangi rānei.
Te whānui me te matotoru o te roera: Mā te whānui me te matotoru o te roera nui ake ka nui ake te horahanga pā i waenga i te mekameka me te porotiti, ka whakaiti i te ahotea pā, ā, ka whakaiti i te kino o te kakahu me te ngenge. I taua wā anō, ka pai ake te tu atu o ngā roera nui ake i ngā kawenga pānga.
Te whānui me te roa o te pine: Ko te pine tētahi o ngā wāhanga matua o te mekameka, ā, ko tōna whānui me tōna roa ka pā tika ki te kaha me te kaha o te mekameka ki te kawe kawenga. I raro i te kawenga hihiri, me whiriwhiri he pine he whānui ake, he roa tika hoki hei whakarite i te pono me te roa o te mekameka.
(III) Te maimoatanga rauemi me te wera
Kōwhiringa rauemi: Ko ngā rauemi o ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira he kowiri tira austenitic pērā i te 304 me te 316. He pai te ātete ki te waikura, te kaha me te pakari o te kowiri tira 304, ā, he pai mō ngā wā kawenga hihiri whānui; he pai ake te ātete ki te waikura me te kaha pāmahana teitei o te kowiri tira 316 i te 304 nā te tāpiri o te molybdenum, ā, he pai mō ngā wā kawenga hihiri i raro i ngā āhuatanga uaua pērā i te wai moana me te takutai moana me te kukū teitei o te katote hauota, me te pāmahana teitei, te waikawa kaha me te kawakore kaha.
Tukanga whakamahana: Mā te tukanga whakamahana tika ka taea te whakapai ake i te mahi a te mekameka roera kowiri tira. Hei tauira, mā te tukatuka otinga ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha me te pakari o te kowiri tira austenitic, kia pai ake ai te tu atu ki ngā pānga o ngā kawenga hihiri; i te mea ka taea e te maimoatanga koroheketanga te whakapai ake i te pakeketanga me te kaha ngenge o te mekameka, me te whakarei ake i tōna kaha ki te ātete i ngā kino ngenge.
(IV) Te tukanga hanga me te whakahaere kounga
Tukanga Hanga: Ko te tukanga hanga matatau te pūtake mō te hanga mekameka roera maitai kore waikura kounga teitei. Hei tauira, ko ngā pereti mekameka i hangaia mā te tā tika, te hanga mate me ētahi atu tukanga he tino tika te āhua me te kaha; ā, ko te tika o te tukatuka o ngā roera me ngā pine ka pā tika ki te pumau o te oma me te kaha kawe kawenga o te mekameka. Hei tāpiri, he mea tino nui hoki te tukanga huihuinga o te mekameka. Mā te huihuinga pai ka taea te whakarite i te piripono i waenga i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te mekameka me te whakaiti i te wetewete me te kakahu i te wā e whakamahia ana.
Te whakahaere kounga: Ko te pūnaha whakahaere kounga tino pakari te mea nui hei whakarite i te kounga o ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira. I te wā o te tukanga whakaputa, me whakamātautau te hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga miihini o ngā rauemi mata, me te tirotiro pūmau i te tika o ngā āhuatanga me te kounga o te huihuinga o te mekameka. I taua wā anō, me whakahaere hoki ngā whakamātautau mahi pēnei i ngā whakamātautau ora ngenge me ngā whakamātautau kume o te mekameka kia taea ai e te hua te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga whakamahinga i raro i ngā kawenga hihiri.
(V) Te whiriwhiringa waitohu me te kaiwhakarato
Mōhiotanga ki te waitohu: Mā te whiriwhiri i tētahi waitohu mekameka roera kowiri tira rongonui ka nui ake te whakapumautanga kounga me te tautoko hangarau. Hei tauira, ko Hangzhou Donghua Chain Group Co., Ltd., he kaihanga mekameka rongonui o te motu, he ingoa pai ki te mākete me te whānui o te whakamahinga mō āna hua mekameka roera kowiri tira. Ko ētahi waitohu rongonui o te ao pērā i a Tsubaki me Renold e mōhiotia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga mō ā rātou mekameka roera kowiri tira kounga teitei.
Rongonui me te ratonga a te kaiwhakarato: Haunga te waitohu, ko te rongonui me ngā āheinga ratonga a te kaiwhakarato he mea anō hoki hei whakaaroaro. Ka taea e te kaiwhakarato rongonui te whakarato hua i te wā tika, i runga i te kounga me te rahinga, ā, ka taea hoki te aro atu ki ngā hiahia o te kiritaki i roto i te wā tika e pā ana ki te ratonga muri-hoko me te whakaoti rapanga e puta ake ana i te wā e whakamahia ana te hua. I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi kaiwhakarato, ka taea e koe te tirotiro i ngā arotake a te kiritaki, ngā take, me te whakarato tautoko hangarau, aratohu whiriwhiri me ētahi atu ratonga.
(VI) Te utu me te whai huatanga o te utu
I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi mekameka roera kowiri tira e tika ana mō ngā kawenga hihiri, he mea nui te utu, kāore e taea te wareware. Heoi, kāore e taea te utu anake te pūtake mō te whakatau, engari me whai whakaaro whānui ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mahi a te hua, te kounga, te roa o te ratonga me ngā ratonga a te kaiwhakarato kia nui ake ai te whai huatanga o te utu. I te nuinga o te wā, ahakoa he utu nui ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira kounga teitei, he roa ake te ora o te ratonga me te pono, ka taea te whakaiti i te utu whakahaere me te utu tiaki o ngā taputapu i te wā roa.

3. Ngā whakaaro mō te whiriwhiri i ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira i roto i ngā āhuatanga tono rerekē
(I) Te umanga tukatuka kai
I roto i te umanga tukatuka kai, nā te mea me horoi me te patu huakita ngā taputapu i ngā wā katoa, he makuku, he waikura hoki te taiao, me teitei te ātete ki te waikura me te akuaku o ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira. I tēnei wā, e taunakihia ana kia whiriwhiria he mekameka roera kowiri tira i hangaia ki te rauemi 316, he pai ake te ātete ki te waikura, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o te taiao tukatuka kai. I taua wā anō, kia māmā ai te horoi me te karo i te tipu o ngā huakita, me tino māmā te hanganga o te mekameka, kia maeneene te mata, kia kore hoki he kokonga mate.
(II) Ahumahi Matū
He maha ngā wā me whakamahi ngā taputapu o te umanga matū i roto i ngā taiao uaua pēnei i te pāmahana teitei, te waikawa kaha me te kawakore kaha, ā, he nui ngā whakaritenga mō te ātete pāmahana teitei me te ātete waikura o ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira. Mō ngā taiao pāmahana teitei, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira 316L, ko tōna pāmahana mahi mōrahi ka eke ki te 1200℃~1300℃; i roto i ngā taiao waikura kaha pēnei i te waikawa kaha me te kawakore kaha, hei tāpiri atu ki te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi he ātete waikura kaha, ka taea hoki e koe te whakaaro ki te maimoatanga mata o te mekameka, pēnei i te whakakikorua chrome mārō, hei whakapai ake i tōna ātete waikura me te ātete kakahu.
(III) Ahumahi Waka
Ko ngā taputapu raina whakaputa i roto i te umanga motuka me whakamahi i ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira tino tika, tino pono hoki, kia taea ai te kawe me te huihui i ngā wāhanga. Nā te mea he tere te oma o ngā taputapu i runga i te raina whakaputa motuka, ā, he pumau te kawenga, me aro nui ki te tika o te tuku, te pumau o te oma, me te roa o te ora o te mekameka i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira. Ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i tētahi mekameka roera kowiri tira kotahi te rarangi, he iti te piko, he tino tika te hanga, me te whakarite kia tika te hononga o te mekameka me te porotiti kia pai ai te mahi a ngā taputapu.
(IV) Ahumahi Keri
Me tu atu ngā taputapu o te umanga keri ki ngā kawenga pānga nui me ngā kawenga taumaha. I taua wā anō, he uaua te taiao mahi, he nui te puehu me te makuku. I tēnei wā, me aro nui ki te kaha, te pakari me te ātete ki te kakahu o ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira ina whiriwhiria ana. Ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira he nui te piko me ngā rarangi maha, ā, ka whakamahia he maimoatanga tiaki tika ki ngā mekameka, pērā i te paninga hinu, hei whakaiti i te mimiti me te kakahu o te puehu me te makuku ki ngā mekameka.

4. Te tiaki me te tiaki i ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira
Ahakoa ka whiriwhiria he mekameka roera kowiri tira e tika ana mō ngā kawenga hihiri, ka pāngia tōna mahi me tōna roanga ora mēnā kāore i te tika te tiaki me te tiaki i te wā e whakamahia ana. Anei ētahi whakaaro tiaki me te tiaki mō ngā mekameka roera kowiri tira:
Tirotiro auau: Tirohia auau te pakaru, te whakangā me ngā ngatata o te mekameka. Me whakakapi wawe ngā mekameka kua pakaru rawa kia kore ai e pakaru ngā taputapu.
Te horoi me te whakahinuhinu: Kia ma te mekameka, ā, tangohia tonutia ngā poke pēnei i te hinu, te puehu, me ērā atu mea i runga i te mekameka. I taua wā anō, kia rite ki te taiao mahi me ngā āhuatanga mahi o te taputapu, whiriwhiria he whakahinuhinu tika hei whakahinuhinu i te mekameka hei whakaiti i te waku me te kakahu, hei whakanui ake hoki i te roa o te mahi a te mekameka.
Te tāutanga me te whakatikatika tika: Kia tika te tāutanga o te mekameka kia kore ai e piri rawa, e wetekina rawa rānei te mekameka. Mā te mekameka e piri rawa ka nui ake te kaha o te mekameka, ka tere ake te pakaru o te ngenge o te mekameka; mā te mekameka e wetekina rawa ka kore e pai te hononga i waenga i te mekameka me te porotiti, ka hua ake te pekepeke o ngā niho me ētahi atu āhuatanga. I te wā e whakahaerehia ana te taputapu, me whakatikatika tika hoki kia rite ki te whakangā o te mekameka.
Āraia te mahi taumaha rawa: Me whakahaere kia rite ki te kawenga hoahoa o te taputapu kia kore ai e taumaha rawa. Mā te taumaha rawa ka pikaua e te mekameka ngā kawenga hihiri nui rawa, ka tere ake te ngenge me te pakaru o te mekameka.

5. Whakarāpopototanga
Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi mekameka roera kowiri tira e tika ana mō ngā kawenga hihiri me whai whakaaro whānui ki ngā āhuatanga maha pēnei i ngā āhuatanga kawenga, ngā tawhā mekameka, ngā rauemi, ngā tukanga hanga, ngā waitohu, ngā utu, me ngā horopaki tono. Mā te whiriwhiri tika me te tiaki tika, ka taea te whakarite kia pumau, kia pono hoki te mahi a te mekameka roera kowiri tira i raro i ngā kawenga hihiri, kia pai ake ai te whai huatanga o te whakaputa me te haumaru o te mahi a ngā taputapu, ā, kia whakarato hoki i ngā taurangi kaha mō te whakaputa me te whakahaere o te hinonga. Mō ngā kaihoko rarawe o te ao, mā te mārama hohonu ki ēnei wāhi whiriwhiri ka āwhina i a rātou ki te whiriwhiri i te mekameka roera kowiri tira e tino tutuki ai ā rātou hiahia i roto i ngā hua maha, ā, ka whiwhi i tētahi painga i roto i te whakataetae mākete kaha.