Kedu otu esi ejide n'aka na ihe ndị e ji ígwè rollers na-eguzogide nchara?

Kedu otu esi ejide n'aka na ihe ndị e ji ígwè rollers na-eguzogide nchara?

1. Nhọrọ ihe
1.1 Họrọ ígwè nwere ike iguzogide nchara siri ike
Ígwè bụ isi ihe e ji emepụta ígwè, ọ na-eguzogidekwa nchara ya na-emetụta ndụ ọrụ na arụmọrụ nke ígwè roller. Ịhọrọ ígwè nwere ike iguzogide nchara bụ nzọụkwụ mbụ iji hụ na ọ na-eguzogide ncharaagbụ ígwè.
Ojiji nke ihe igwe anaghị agba nchara: Ígwè anaghị agba nchara bụ otu n'ime ígwè ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-eguzogide nchara. O nwere akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ihe chromium, nke nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri chromium oxide dị oke n'elu iji gbochie ihe na-emebi emebi ịbanye n'ime ígwè ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọdịnaya chromium nke ígwè anaghị agba nchara 304 dị ihe dị ka 18%, nke nwere ezigbo iguzogide nchara ma dabara adaba maka gburugburu ebe obibi n'ozuzu ya. N'ebe ụfọdụ pụrụ iche, dịka gburugburu mmiri mmiri nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya ion chloride, 316 ígwè anaghị agba nchara nwere ike iguzogide olulu mmiri siri ike n'ihi mgbakwunye nke ihe molybdenum, ike iguzogide nchara ya dịkwa ihe dị ka 30% karịa nke ígwè anaghị agba nchara 304.
Nguzogide ncha nke ígwè alloy: Ígwè alloy nwere ike ime ka ncha nke ígwè ka mma nke ukwuu site n'itinye ọtụtụ ihe alloy, dị ka nickel, ọla kọpa, titanium, wdg. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, itinye nickel nwere ike ime ka ncha nke ígwè dịkwuo mma, ọla kọpa nwekwara ike ime ka ncha nke ígwè dịkwuo mma na gburugburu ebe obibi ikuku. Mgbe ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị gasịrị, ụfọdụ ígwè alloy siri ike nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri oxide otu n'elu, na-eme ka ncha ha dịkwuo mma. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ígwè alloy nwere nickel na ọla kọpa, ọnụego ncha ya na gburugburu ebe obibi ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe bụ naanị 1/5 nke ígwè carbon nkịtị.
Mmetụta nke ọgwụgwọ elu ígwè na iguzogide nchara: Na mgbakwunye na ịhọrọ ígwè kwesịrị ekwesị, ọgwụgwọ elu bụkwa ụzọ dị mkpa iji melite iguzogide nchara nke ígwè. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-etinye akwa zinc, nickel na ọla ndị ọzọ n'elu ígwè site na teknụzụ mkpuchi iji mepụta ihe mgbochi anụ ahụ iji gbochie mgbasa ozi nchara ka ọ ghara imetụta ígwè ahụ. Akwa galvanized nwere ezigbo iguzogide nchara na gburugburu ebe obibi, ndụ iguzogide nchara ya nwere ike iru ọtụtụ iri afọ. Akwa nickel a pịrị apị nwere ike siri ike karịa ma nwee ike iguzogide nchara ka mma, ọ nwekwara ike imeziwanye iguzogide nchara nke ígwè nke ọma. Na mgbakwunye, ọgwụgwọ fim ntụgharị kemịkal, dị ka phosphating, nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri ntụgharị kemịkalụ n'elu ígwè iji melite iguzogide nchara na njikọta mkpuchi nke ígwè.

2. Ọgwụgwọ elu
2.1 Ịme ka ihe dị n'ime ... ọ dị n'ime ka ihe dị
Galvanization bụ otu n'ime ụzọ dị mkpa e si agwọ elu ígwè agbụ ígwè. Site n'iji akwa zinc kpuchie elu ígwè ahụ, enwere ike ime ka iguzogide nchara ya ka mma nke ọma.
Ụkpụrụ nchekwa nke akwa galvanized: Zinc na-emepụta ihe nkiri zinc oxide dị oke n'ime gburugburu ebe obibi, nke nwere ike igbochi ihe na-emebi emebi ka ọ ghara imetụ ígwè ahụ aka. Mgbe akwa galvanized mebiri emebi, zinc ga-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka anode àjà iji chebe ígwè ahụ pụọ na nchara. Nnyocha egosila na nguzogide nchara nke akwa galvanized nwere ike iru ọtụtụ iri afọ, ọnụego nchara ya n'ebe obibi n'ozuzu bụ naanị ihe dị ka 1/10 nke ígwè nkịtị.
Mmetụta nke usoro galvanization na iguzogide nchara: Usoro galvanization a na-ahụkarị gụnyere galvanizing ọkụ-mikpu, electrogalvanizing, wdg. Oyi akwa zinc nke galvanizing ọkụ-mikpu mepụtara dị oke ibu ma nwee ike iguzogide nchara ka mma, mana ụfọdụ enweghị nha anya nwere ike ime n'elu. Elektrogalvanizing nwere ike ijikwa ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa zinc iji mee ka elu ahụ dị otu ma dị ire ụtọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, site na iji usoro electrogalvanizing, enwere ike ijikwa ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa zinc n'etiti 5-15μm, iguzogide nchara ya dịkwa ka nke galvanizing ọkụ-mikpu, ịdị mma elu dịkwa mma, nke dabara adaba maka ngwaahịa roller yinye nwere ihe achọrọ elu dị elu.
Nlekọta na ihe mgbochi nke akwa galvanized: A ga-edozi akwa galvanized ahụ n'oge eji ya iji zere mmebi igwe. Ọ bụrụ na akwa galvanized ahụ emebie, a ga-arụzi ya n'oge iji gbochie ígwè ahụ ikpughe ya na ihe na-emebi emebi. Na mgbakwunye, n'ebe ụfọdụ pụrụ iche, dịka gburugburu acidic ma ọ bụ alkaline siri ike, nguzogide nchara nke akwa galvanized ga-emetụta ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, ọ dịkwa mkpa ịhọrọ usoro galvanizing kwesịrị ekwesị na usoro nchebe na-esote dịka gburugburu ebe ahụ si dị.
2.2 Ọgwụgwọ mkpuchi nickel
Ịkwanye nickel bụ ụzọ ọzọ dị irè iji melite iguzogide nchara nke ígwè agbụ ígwè. Ihe mkpuchi nickel nwere ezigbo iguzogide nchara na iguzogide iyi.
Nguzogide ncha nke mkpuchi nickel: Nickel nwere ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime eletriki sie ike ma nwee ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri passivation kwụsiri ike n'ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-emebi emebi, si otú a na-egbochi ihe ndị na-emebi emebi ka ọ ghara imetụ ígwè ahụ aka nke ọma. Nguzogide ncha nke mkpuchi nickel ka mma karịa nke mkpuchi zinc, karịsịa na gburugburu ebe nwere ion chloride, nchachi ya na-esikwa ike karị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na gburugburu ebe mmiri nwere ion chloride, ndụ nchachi nke mkpuchi nickel dị okpukpu 3-5 karịa nke mkpuchi zinc.
Usoro mkpuchi nickel na mmetụta ya na arụmọrụ: Usoro mkpuchi nickel a na-ahụkarị gụnyere mkpuchi electroplating na mkpuchi nickel kemịkal. Oyi akwa nickel a na-etinye electroplated nwere ike siri ike ma nwee ezigbo nguzogide iyi, mana ọ nwere nnukwu ihe achọrọ maka ịdị larịị nke elu substrate ahụ. Mkpuchi nickel kemịkalụ nwere ike ịmepụta mkpuchi otu n'elu ihe na-abụghị nke na-eduzi, enwere ike ịgbanwe ọkpụrụkpụ na nhazi nke mkpuchi ahụ site na paramita usoro. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, site na iji usoro mkpuchi nickel kemịkalụ, enwere ike ịmepụta oyi akwa mkpuchi nickel nwere ọkpụrụkpụ nke 10-20μm n'elu ígwè agbụ ígwè, ike ya nwekwara ike iru karịa HV700, nke ọ bụghị naanị na ọ nwere ezigbo nguzogide nchara, kamakwa ọ nwere ezigbo nguzogide iyi.
Ojiji na oke nke mkpuchi nickel: A na-ejikarị mkpuchi nickel eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ngwaahịa roller yinye nke nwere nnukwu ihe achọrọ maka iguzogide nchara na iguzogide iyi, dịka na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, nhazi nri na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Agbanyeghị, usoro mkpuchi nickel dị mgbagwoju anya ma dị oke ọnụ, na ụfọdụ gburugburu acid siri ike na alkali siri ike, iguzogide nchara nke oyi akwa mkpuchi nickel ga-ejedebekwa ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ. Na mgbakwunye, mmiri mkpofu a na-emepụta n'oge mkpuchi nickel kwesịrị ka a gwọọ ya nke ọma iji zere mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi.

3. Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ
3.1 Ọgwụgwọ imenyụ na ime ka okpomọkụ dị jụụ
Ọgwụgwọ ịgbanyụ ọkụ na ịgbanyụ ọkụ bụ usoro dị mkpa maka ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke ihe eji arụ ọrụ roller yinye. Site na njikọta nke ịgbanyụ ọkụ na ịgbanyụ ọkụ dị elu, enwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ zuru oke nke ígwè dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu, si otú a na-eme ka iguzogide nchara ya ka mma.
Ọrụ nke imenyụ na nhọrọ paramita: Imenyụ nwere ike ime ka ígwè dị jụụ ngwa ngwa, mepụta ihe owuwu siri ike dị elu dịka martensite, ma melite ike na ike nke ígwè. Maka ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke agbụ ígwè, ihe eji emenyụ ọkụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe gụnyere mmanụ na mmiri. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka ụfọdụ ígwè alloy carbon ọkara, imenyụ mmanụ nwere ike izere mmepụta nke imenyụ ọkụ ma nweta ike dị elu. Nhọrọ nke imenyụ ọkụ dị oke mkpa, n'ozuzu ya n'etiti 800℃-900℃, ike mgbe emenyụ ọkụ nwere ike iru HRC45-55. Ọ bụ ezie na ike nke ígwè emenyụ ọkụ dị elu, nrụgide dị n'ime ya buru ibu ma ike adịghị mma, yabụ achọrọ imegharị okpomọkụ dị elu iji melite ihe ndị a.
Nhazi nke okpomọkụ dị elu: A na-emekarị nhazi okpomọkụ dị elu n'etiti 500℃-650℃, oge nhazi ahụ na-abụkarị awa 2-4. N'oge nhazi okpomọkụ, nrụgide fọdụrụ na ígwè ahụ na-apụ, ike ya na-ebelata ntakịrị, mana ike ya na-akawanye mma nke ukwuu, enwere ike ịmepụta nhazi troostite siri ike, nke nwere ezigbo ihe onwunwe igwe zuru oke na iguzogide nchara. Ọmụmụ ihe egosila na enwere ike imeziwanye nguzogide nchara nke ígwè mgbe emechara ma mee ka okpomọkụ dị mma site na 30%-50%. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ebe ikuku dị n'ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ọnụego nchara nke ihe eji emepụta agbụ ígwè nke emechara ma mee ka ọ dị mma bụ naanị ihe dị ka 1/3 nke ígwè a na-anaghị agwọ ọrịa. Na mgbakwunye, nkwụsị na mbelata nwekwara ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ ike ọgwụgwụ nke ígwè, nke dị oke mkpa maka ojiji ogologo oge nke agbụ ígwè n'okpuru ibu dị ike.
Usoro nke mmetụta nke imenyụ na imegharị na iguzogide ire ere: Imenyụ na imegharị na-eme ka obere nhazi nke ígwè dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ike na ike elu ya dịkwuo mma, ma si otú a na-eme ka ikike ya iguzogide mbuze site na mgbasa ozi na-emebi emebi dịkwuo mma. N'otu aka, ike siri ike dị elu nwere ike ibelata mmebi igwe nke ihe na-emebi ihe n'elu ígwè ahụ ma belata ọnụego ire ere; n'aka nke ọzọ, nhazi ụlọ ọrụ kwụsiri ike nwere ike ibelata ọnụego mgbasa nke ihe na-emebi ihe ma na-egbu oge mmeghachi omume ire ere. N'otu oge ahụ, imenyụ na imegharị nwekwara ike ime ka iguzogide ígwè ahụ megide hydrogen embrittlement ka mma. N'ebe ụfọdụ nke nwere hydrogen ion, ọ nwere ike igbochi ígwè ahụ ka ọ ghara ịda ngwa ngwa n'ihi hydrogen embrittlement.

4. Nnyocha Ogo
4.1 Usoro Nnwale Nguzogide Nrụrụ
Nnwale iguzogide nchara nke ihe ndị e ji arụ ọrụ nke agbụ ígwè bụ isi ihe dị mkpa iji hụ na ọ dị mma. Site na usoro nnwale sayensị na nke ezi uche dị na ya, enwere ike inyocha iguzogide nchara nke ihe dị n'ebe dị iche iche nke ọma, si otú a na-enye nkwa maka ntụkwasị obi nke ngwaahịa ahụ.
1. Nnwale Ịgba Nnu
Nnwale ịgba nnu bụ ụzọ nnwale nchara ngwa ngwa nke na-eme ka gburugburu oke osimiri ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri dị, a na-ejikwa ya nke ọma iji nyochaa nguzogide nchara nke ihe ígwè.
Ụkpụrụ Nnwale: A na-etinye ihe nlele nke agbụ ígwè n'ime ụlọ nnwale nnu ka elu ihe nlele ahụ wee pụta ìhè mgbe niile na gburugburu ebe a na-agba nnu. Ion chloride dị na mmiri nnu ga-eme ka mmeghachi omume nchara nke elu ígwè ahụ dịkwuo ngwa ngwa. A na-enyocha nguzogide nchara nke ihe nlele ahụ site n'ileba anya na oke nchara nke ihe nlele ahụ n'ime oge ụfọdụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka ọkọlọtọ mba ụwa ISO 9227 si dị, a na-eme nnwale mmiri nnu na-anọpụ iche na ntinye mmiri nnu nke 5% NaCl solution, okpomọkụ a na-achịkwa na ihe dị ka 35°C, na oge nnwale nke na-abụkarị awa 96.
Nyocha Nsonaazụ: A na-enyocha nguzogide ncha site na ihe ngosi dịka ngwaahịa nchara, omimi olulu, na ọnụego nchara n'elu ihe nlele ahụ. Maka agbụ ígwè igwe anaghị agba nchara, mgbe ule nnu nke awa 96 gasịrị, omimi olulu elu kwesịrị ịdị obere karịa 0.1mm na ọnụego nchara kwesịrị ịdị obere karịa 0.1mm/afọ iji mezuo ihe achọrọ maka ojiji nke gburugburu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe n'ozuzu. Maka agbụ ígwè alloy, mgbe ejiri galvanized ma ọ bụ nickel kpuchie ya, nsonaazụ nnwale nnu kwesịrị iru ọkwa dị elu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe anwalechara mmiri nnu nke awa 96 gasịrị, agbụ ígwè nickel a plated enweghị nchara doro anya n'elu ya, omimi olulu ahụ erughị 0.05mm.
2. Nnwale elektrọnik
Nnwale electrochemical nwere ike inye nghọta miri emi banyere nguzogide corrosion nke ihe site n'ịtụle omume electrochemical nke ọla na mgbasa ozi corrosion.
Nnwale usoro mgbagọ nke Polarization: A na-eji ihe nlele usoro mgbagọ nke roller dị ka elektrọd na-arụ ọrụ ma mikpuo ya n'ime ihe na-emebi emebi (dịka 3.5% NaCl solution ma ọ bụ 0.1mol/L H₂SO₄ solution), a na-ejikwa ebe ọrụ electrochemical dekọọ usoro mgbagọ ya. Usoro mgbagọ nke polarization nwere ike igosipụta paramita dịka njupụta ọgbagọ nke ihe na ikike ire ere nke ihe ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka usoro mgbagọ ígwè anaghị agba nchara 316, njupụta ọgbagọ nke corrosion na ngwọta NaCl 3.5% kwesịrị ịdị obere karịa 1μA/cm², ikike iregọ kwesịrị ịdị nso na -0.5V (ma e jiri ya tụnyere elektrọd calomel juru eju), nke na-egosi na o nwere ezigbo nguzogide ire ere.
Nnwale Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS): Nnwale EIS nwere ike ịtụ mgbochi nnyefe chajị na mgbochi mgbasa nke ihe ahụ n'ime ihe na-emebi emebi iji nyochaa iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe na nkwụsi ike nke ihe nkiri elu ya. Enwere ike ikpebi nguzogide corrosion nke ihe ahụ site na inyocha paramita dịka arc capacitive na oge na-agbanwe agbanwe na spectrum impedance. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbochi nnyefe chajị nke ígwè roller yinye nke emenyụla ma mee ka ọ dị jụụ kwesịrị ịdị karịa 10⁴Ω·cm² na ule EIS, nke na-egosi na ihe nkiri elu ya nwere mmetụta nchebe dị mma.
3. Nnwale imikpu
Nnwale imikpu bụ ụzọ nnwale nchara nke na-eme ka gburugburu ebe a na-eji ya dị ka ebe a na-eme ihe n'ezie. A na-etinye ihe nlele yinye roller n'ime ihe pụrụ iche maka ire ere ruo ogologo oge iji hụ omume nchara ya na mgbanwe arụmọrụ ya.
Ọnọdụ ule: Họrọ ihe mgbochi ruru unyi kwesịrị ekwesị dịka gburugburu ebe a na-eji ya eme ihe, dịka ihe ngwọta acidic (sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, wdg), ihe ngwọta alkaline (sodium hydroxide, wdg) ma ọ bụ ihe ngwọta na-anọpụ iche (dịka mmiri mmiri). A na-achịkwa okpomọkụ ule ahụ n'ozuzu ya na okpomọkụ ụlọ ma ọ bụ oke okpomọkụ ojiji n'ezie, oge nnwale ahụ na-abụkarị izu ole na ole ruo ọnwa ole na ole. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka ihe mkpuchi roller ejiri na gburugburu kemịkalụ, a na-etinye ha na ihe ngwọta 3% H₂SO₄ na 40°C maka ụbọchị 30.
Nyocha Nsonaazụ: A na-enyocha nguzogide nchara site na ihe ngosi dịka mfu oke, mgbanwe nha, na mgbanwe akụrụngwa nke ihe nlele ahụ. Ọnụego mfu oke bụ ihe ngosi dị mkpa iji tụọ ogo nke nchara. Maka agbụ ígwè anaghị agba nchara, ọnụego mfu oke mgbe ụbọchị 30 nke ule imikpu mmiri kwesịrị ịdị obere karịa 0.5%. Maka agbụ ígwè alloy, ọnụego mfu oke kwesịrị ịdị obere karịa 0.2% mgbe a gwọchara ya n'elu. Na mgbakwunye, a kwesịkwara ịnwale mgbanwe na njirimara igwe dịka ike nrụgide na ike nke ihe nlele ahụ iji hụ na ọ ka nwere ike iru ihe achọrọ maka ojiji na gburugburu ebe obibi na-emebi emebi.
4. Nnwale nkwudo n'ebe ahụ
Nnwale nkwudo n'ebe a bụ ikpughe ihe nlele nke agbụ ígwè ozugbo na gburugburu ebe a na-eji ya eme ihe ma nyochaa nguzogide nchara site n'ịhụ nchara ya ruo ogologo oge.
Nhazi ule: Họrọ ebe a na-eji ya eme ihe n'ezie, dịka ebe a na-arụ ọrụ kemịkalụ, ikpo okwu dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri, ụlọ ọrụ nhazi nri, wdg, ma kwụnye ma ọ bụ dozie ihe nlele agbụ ígwè ahụ n'elu akụrụngwa ahụ n'oge ụfọdụ. Oge nnwale ahụ na-abụkarị ọnwa ole na ole ruo ọtụtụ afọ iji hụ na a pụrụ ịhụ omume nchara nke ihe nlele ahụ n'ebe ahụ n'ezie.
Ndekọ na nyocha nke nsonaazụ: Lelee ma nwalee ihe nlele ahụ mgbe niile, ma dekọọ ozi dịka nhazi nke ihe na-emebi emebi na nhazi ngwaahịa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ebe a na-arụ ọrụ kemịkalụ, mgbe otu afọ nke nnwale kwụgidere gasịrị, enweghị akara nchara doro anya n'elu nke yinye rọla nickel a pịrị apị, ebe obere oghere nwere ike ịpụta n'elu yinye rọla galvanized. Site n'ịtụnyere nchara nke ihe nlele nke ihe dị iche iche na usoro ọgwụgwọ n'ezie, enwere ike inyocha iguzogide nchara ya nke ọma, na-enye ntọala dị mkpa maka nhọrọ na imewe ihe nke ngwaahịa ahụ.

5. Nchịkọta
Iji hụ na ihe ndị e ji ígwè rụọ anaghị emebi emebi bụ ọrụ dị mkpa, nke gụnyere ọtụtụ njikọ dịka nhọrọ ihe, ọgwụgwọ elu, usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na inyocha mma siri ike. Site n'ịhọrọ ihe ígwè kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike iguzogide nchara siri ike, dị ka ígwè anaghị agba nchara na ígwè alloy, na ijikọta usoro ọgwụgwọ elu dị ka galvanizing na nickel plating, enwere ike ime ka iguzogide nchara nke agbụ ígwè dịkwuo mma. Ọgwụgwọ ịgbanyụ na ịgbanyụ ọkụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na-eme ka arụmọrụ zuru oke nke ígwè dịkwuo mma site na imeziwanye paramita ịgbanyụ ọkụ na ịgbanyụ ọkụ, ka o wee nwee ike iguzogide nchara ka mma na ihe ndị dị n'ime gburugburu ebe dị mgbagwoju anya.
Maka nnyocha dị mma, itinye usoro nnwale dị iche iche dịka nnwale mmiri nnu, ule elektrọnik, ule imikpu na ule nkwụgide n'ebe ahụ na-enye ntọala sayensị maka inyocha nguzogide nchara nke ihe eji arụ ọrụ roller yinye nke ọma. Usoro nnwale ndị a nwere ike ịme ka gburugburu ojiji dị iche iche dị adị ma chọpụta nke ọma omume nchara na mgbanwe arụmọrụ nke ihe dị iche iche n'okpuru ọnọdụ dị iche iche, si otú a hụ na a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi na ogologo oge nke ngwaahịa ahụ na ngwa ndị dị adị.
N'ozuzu, site na nhazi nhazi nke njikọ ndị dị n'elu, enwere ike imeziwanye nguzogide nchara nke ihe eji arụ ọrụ roller yinye nke ọma, enwere ike ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ ya, a pụkwara imezu ihe achọrọ maka ojiji na gburugburu ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche.